CH 7: Blood and Blood-Forming Organs Diseases and Disorders

Any decrease in oxygen-carrying ability of the RBC is called _______

Anemia

Folic acid is a _______ complex vitamin necessary for the maturation of RBCs.

B

The acronym for a common blood test that measures the number of RBCs, WBCs, and platelets is _______

CBC

_______ known as NHL has symptoms similar to Hodgkin's disease.

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

What is another name for Von Willebrand's disease? a. Angiohemophilia b. Polycythemia vera c. Ecchymoses d. Erythrocytosis.

a. Angiohemophilia

What is the major blood cell-producing organ in the body? a. Bone marrow b. Spleen c. Lymph nodes d. Liver

a. Bone marrow

Which is the most curable form of cancer? a. Hodgkin's disease b. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma c. Multiple myeloma d. Lymphomas

a. Hodgkin's disease

Which blood test measures the average hemoglobin content? a. MCH b. MCHC c. Hct d. MCV

a. MCH

Which of the following is a major function of red blood cells (erythrocytes)? a. Transportation of oxygen from lungs to the tissues b. Metabolism of nutrients c. Protection from infection d. Production of lymphocytes

a. Transportation of oxygen from lungs to the tissues

Acute forms of leukemia occur more in children. a. True b. False

a. True

Hemophilia is a bleeding disorder characterized by abnormally slow clotting and long bleeding times. a. True b. False

a. True

The most common disorder of the blood in the older adult is anemia. a. True b. False

a. True

There is no cure for sickle cell disease. a. True b. False

a. True

Blood and blood-forming organs are also called: a. hematologic system b. cardiovascular system c. hemolytic system d. lymphocyte system

a. hematologic system

Erythrocytopenia leads to _______

anemia

_______ anemia is due to injury or destruction of the blood-forming area of the bone marrow.

aplastic

Which type of anemia is characterized by failure of the bone marrow to produce blood components? a. Hemorrhagic anemia b. Aplastic anemia c. Hemolytic anemia d. Pernicious anemia

b. Aplastic anemia

Pernicious anemia is caused by which of the following? a. Dietary deficiency of vitamin B12 b. Blocked secretion of the intrinsic factor c. Failure of bone marrow to produce blood components d. Increased destruction of RBCs

b. Blocked secretion of the intrinsic factor

What is the cause of infectious mononucleosis? a. Person's own immune system b. Epstein-Barr virus c. Deficiency in clotting factor d. The loss of whole blood

b. Epstein-Barr virus

Pernicious anemia usually affects younger individuals. a. True b. False

b. False

What term refers to blood in the urine? a. Epistaxis b. Hematuria c. Purpura d. Petechiae

b. Hematuria

In which phase of blood coagulation is prothrombin converted to thrombin? a. First phase b. Second phase c. Fourth phase d. Third phase

b. Second phase

The individual with a bleeding disorder should avoid which of the following activities? a. Using mouthwash b. Shaving with a straight razor c. Eating solid foods d. Jogging

b. Shaving with a straight razor

Which of the following filters microorganisms from the blood? a. Liver b. Spleen c. Bone marrow d. Lymph nodes

b. Spleen

What type of anemia primarily affects people of Mediterranean descent? a. Aplastic b. Thalassemia c. Hemorrhagic d. Hemolytic

b. Thalassemia

Which disease causes hereditary, congenital bleeding disorders of the clotting factors and platelet functions? a. Thalassemia b. Von Willebrand's disease c. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) d. Hemophilia

b. Von Willebrand's disease

The international normalized ratio (INR) is also used to measure: a. average hemoglobin content b. bleeding time c. Hct d. Hgb

b. bleeding time

A test to measure the time it takes the blood to clot is called a _______

bleeding time

A microscopic examination that identifies the shape of the cells and platelets is a _______

blood smear

Sickle cell anemia causes an abnormal sickle shape of which blood cells? a. Thrombocytes b. Leukocytes c. Erythrocytes d. Monocytes

c. Erythrocytes

What is the term for when cells are broken down too soon? a. Extracted b. Deoxygenated c. Hemolyzed d. Reoxygenated

c. Hemolyzed

Which disease is a malignant neoplasm of the blood-forming organs? a. Thalassemia b. Von Willebrand's Disease c. Leukemia d. Hemophilia

c. Leukemia

What type of lymphoma is also known as NHL? a. Hodgkin's disease b. Multiple myeloma c. Lymphosarcoma d. Thrombocytopenia

c. Lymphosarcoma

Which cancer has a poor prognosis, and death is usually within 2 to 3 years as a result of infection and kidney failure? a. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma b. Hodgkin's disease c. Multiple myeloma d. Thalassemia

c. Multiple myeloma

Which phase of blood coagulation is the fibrin clot formed? a. First phase b. Second phase c. Third phase d. Fourth phase

c. Third phase

Which disease affecting the blood cells causes an increase in platelets? a. Leukocytopenia b. Erythrocytopenia c. Thrombocytosis d. Erythrocytosis

c. Thrombocytosis

Which type of blood has A and B antigens? a. Type A b. Type B c. Type AB d. Type O

c. Type AB

Foods recommended for the individual with a folic acid deficiency would include: a. milk and cheeses b. beef and chicken c. green vegetables and mushrooms d. breads and grains

c. green vegetables and mushrooms

The purpose of the screening test for sickle cell anemia is to determine: a. whether the individual is a carrier of the sickle cell trait. b. the presence of the sickle-shaped hemoglobin. c. the severity of the disease. d. whether the individual will eventually develop sickle cell anemia

c. the severity of the disease

define mononucleosis

caused by the Epstein-Barr virus

What is the most common disorder of the blood in the older adult? a. Folic acid deficiency anemia b. Sickle cell anemia c. Thalassemia d. Anemia

d. Anemia

Prothrombin and fibrinogen are produced by what organ or structure in the body? a. In the bone marrow b. In the spleen c. In the lymph nodes d. In the liver

d. In the liver

Which of the following are important in infection prevention? a. Plasma b. Erythrocytes c. Platelets d. Leukocytes

d. Leukocytes

Which blood test measures the average size of the red blood cell? a. Hct b. Hgb c. MCH d. MCV

d. MCV

What is a severe decrease or total absence of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes called? a. Erythrocytopenia b. Leukocytopenia c. Lymphopenia d. Pancytopenia

d. Pancytopenia

Which disease affecting the blood cells causes a decrease in platelets? a. Erythrocytopenia b. Erythrocytosis c. Leukocytopenia d. Thrombocytopenia

d. Thrombocytopenia

Which type of blood has neither A nor B antigens? a. Type AB b. Type A c. Type B d. Type O

d. Type O

Purplish color of the skin caused by hemorrhage is known as: a. hematuria b. epistaxis c. petechiae d. purpura

d. purpura

define thrombocytopenia

decrease in platelets

define pancytopenia

decrease of absence of erythrocytes , leukocytes, and thrombocytes

A _______ is a test that provides a detailed count identifying the number of each type of leukocyte.

differential

Anemic individuals can suffer from shortness of breath, or _______

dyspnea

define aplastic anemia

failure of bone marrow to produce blood components

Vomiting blood is called _______

hematemesis

Bleeding into the joints is called _______

hemathrosis

_______ reflects the amount of red cell mass as a proportion of whole blood.

hematocrit

_______ anemia can be brought on by exposure to chemicals such as benzene.

hemolytic

_______ cells are ones that are broken down.

hemolyzed

_______ anemia causes low or decreased blood volume and can lead to hypovolemic shock.

hemorrhagic

_______ anemia is caused by the loss of whole blood.

hemorrhagic

One function of the blood is to transport _______ secreted by the endocrine system.

hormones

define thrombocytosis

increase in platelets

define pernicious anemia

lack of intrinsic factor

define ecchymoses

large areas of bruising or hemorrhage

________ weakens the immune system.

leukocytopenia

A condition of an increase in WBCs that is a normal response to acute infection is _______

leukocytosis

A Reed-Sternberg cell is present in the _______ tissue in Hodgkin's disease.

lymphatic

define Hodgkin's disease

most common lymphoma

define epistaxis

nosebleeds

An absence or a severe decrease of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes is known as _______

pancytopenia

_______ are small hemorrhages in the skin.

petechiae

Blood components are approximately 55% _______

plasma

Too many blood cells is called _______

polycythemia

An elongated cell with abnormal hemoglobin is called a _______ cell

sickle

The hemoglobin electrophoresis test is used to diagnose _______

sickle cell disease

Define platelets

thrombocytes

A decrease in platelets that leads to coagulation problems is _______

thrombocytopenia