Ch. 7

symmetrical

A normal distribution is a ___ bell- shaped curve ...

verbal

According to Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences ___ intelligence is the ability to think in words and use language to express meaning

verbal

According to Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences, ___ intelligence is the ability to think in words and ...

interpersonal

According to Gardner's theory, ___ intelligence is the ability to understand and relate well to others

normal distribution

Admisistered to thousands of children and adults of different ages...

hindsight bias

After hearing someone answer a Trivial Pursuit question you muse to yourself

fixation

Alexis is moving furniture ...Alexis is experiencing

automatic & controlled

Allen and Dave are each trying to solve the same brain teaser problem

valid

An IQ test is considered __ if it actually tests cognitive ability

prototype

An ___ is a typical, highly representative example of a concept it is often described as an average or an ideal member

- higher performance on cognitive control tasks - the capacity to shift frames of reference efficiently

Associated with bilingual adults and children

perception

Because teacher can nominate students as candidates for gifted education

the ability to manipulate objects and be physically adept

Bodily kinesthetic intelligence

spearman

Charles ___ proposed that intelligence captures a common general ability that is reflected in performance

deductive

Diego has heard that everyone at a nearby high school loves to play soccer so when Diego meets Samuel

existentialist

Garder's multiple intelligences would be most evident in a philosopher

subgoals

Gary has decided to re-landscape his front yard... Gary is using __ in reaching his goal of a new front yard

confirmation bias

If you avoid talking with people who disagree with you on various issues.. you are displaying a

the linguistic relatively hypothesis

Imagine the explorers discovered a new culture of infdivials who have their own language

mental chronological

In order to have an IQ score greater than 100, a childs ___ age must be above his or her ___ age

minfulness

In the Langer study where as many as 90 percent of people would give up their place in line for ..

cultural - familial intellectual disability

Individuals with intellectual disabilities who have no evidence of organic brain damage or genetic disorders are diagnosed with

The ability to produce an infinite number of sentences using a relaticely limted set of rules

Infinite generativity

functional fixedness

Julio needs to mark a piece of wood for cutting, but cannot find a pencil or pen...

loss aversion

Laura has the chance to take an optional final exam ... Laura's decision to keep her grade as-is is best explained by the idea of

creative

Maggie is always coming up with different ideas and unique ways to solve problems...

language

Many experts believe that biological evolution that occurred long before ___ emerged shaped humans into the linguistic individuals

left hemisphere

Many important aspects of language processing including speech and grammar occur mainly in the ___ of the brain

loss aversion

Micheal could gamble 4 quarters in a carnival game, with the potential to win as many as 20 quarters

convergent thinking

Monique is without a pencil as she is working in her woodshop...

standardization

Norman is admistering test

Physically manipulating objects

Not an Aspect of thinking

reliable

On Monday when you asked your friend if you should dump the person you're dating...her advice is not ___

culture - fair

One type of __ - ___ test would contain no verbal questions

- the smallest units of speech - phonemes

Phonology is the study of

intelligence

Problem solving skills and the ability to adapt to and learn from lifes everday experiences is know as

inductive reasoning

Reasoning from the specific to the general or from the bottom - up is known as

critical period

Some language experts propose that there is a ___ ____ for language development

triarchic

Sternberg's ___ theory of intelligence states that intelligence comes in three forms analytical, creative ,and practical

T

T or F: The merman study of intellectually individuals found that most of them were healthy, social, and well-adjusted

analytical skills

The American Association on intellectual and developmental disabilities developed an

endowment

The ___ effect can be summarized by the following statement; "its worth a lot, because its mine"

availability

The ___ heuristic is a prediction about the probability of an event based on the ease of imagining similar event

availability

The ___ heuristic is a shortcut in which the probability od somethings is judged based on how easily one can recall similar events

representativeness

The ___ heuristic is the tendency to make judgements about group membership based on physical apperances...

standford - Binet

The ___ is an intelligence test that can be administered to children or adults because the questions vary depending on the test takers age

Intrapersonal intelligence

The ability to understand oneself is

environment

The case od Genie the 14 year old abused girl

- taken the concept of specific intelligence too far - research does not really exists to support multiple intelligence

The evaluation of multiple intelligence is composed of which of the following components

limitation

The fact children who are reinforced for incorrect use of language still eventually acquire

reasoning

The mental activity of transforming information to reach conclusion is known as ____ this activity is invloved in problem- solving and descision-making

confirmation

The tendency to focus only on information that supports your opinion is called the ___ bias

- data in any sensory modality - visual images

Thinking may involve

Availability heuristic

Thinking that a plane crash is more liekly than a car crash because you can easily remeber...

Tom is most likely to engage in narrow analytical thinking due to his negative mood

Tom is trying to make a decision, but is in a negative mood.

open - mindedness

Tracy is a Democrat, but she is willing to listen to her Republican friends explain their political

- Socially well - adjusted - Superior talent in a particular area - Academically advanced - IQ of 130 or above

Traits of intellectually gifted people

adaptive

Two individuals with intellectual disability may both be classified with mild intellectual disability

do not guarantee a solution

Unlike algorithms , heuristics

functional

You have just received a package from home but don't have a knife handy so therefore don't know how to ... You have demonstrated ___ fixedness, whereas your roommate has not

confirmation

You ignore or forget all information that is inconsistent with your point of view. In doing so, you display ___ bias

confirmation

You ignore or forget all information that is incosnisiten with youre point of view In doing so, you display ___ bias

critical

__ thinking involves thinking reflectively , productively and being able to evidence or claims

Concepts

___ are categorizations of object, events, or people that share common properties

semantics

___ are defined as the meaning of words and sentences in a particular language

concept

___ are mental categories that used to group objects, events and characteristics

morphemes

___ are the smallest sounds of language

analytical

___ intelligence is the ability to judge, evaluate, compare, and contrast

spatial

___ intelligence is the ability to think three- dimensionally

existential

___ intelligence reflects the ability to grapple with such questions as the meaning of life and death

Morphology

___ is a language rules for word formation

Dyslexia

___ is a learning disability characterized by difficulty with learning to read fluently and with accurate comprehension, despite normal intelligence

mindfulness

___ is being alert and mentally present for ones everyday activities

reliability

___ is the extent to which a test yields a consistent, reproducible measure of performance

Babble

___ is the term for meaningless speecklike sounds uttered by infants

inductive

___ reasoning is reasoning from the specific to the general

Divergent / Convergent

___ thinking involves creativity and the production of many solutions to the sam problem, whereas ___ thinking produces the single best solution to a problem

using a screwdriver to tighten a screw

convergent thinking

Phonoloy

describes a language sound system

- facilitates us in solving problems - assists us in tackling difficult decisions - helps us make inferences

effects of language on cognition

the more parents speak to a child the better the child is a acquiring language

evidence for the behavioral view of language development

reinforcement

in decades past, the behaviorist psychologists claimed that language learning occurred via reward which was also called ___

- evaluate solutions - find and frame problems - develop good problem -solving strategies - rethink and refine problems over time

step in problem solving

highly sensitive to others expectations of them IQ between 55 and 70 No evidence of organic brain damage

symptoms of cultural - familial intellectual disability

environment

the effect of ___ on intelligence is known as the Flynn effect

language

we use ___ symbols, signs, or sounds arranged according to systemamtic rules to communicate our ideas

heritable

when somebody says "you're smart" I bet your parents are smart too they are implying that intelligence is

environment

while most people think of intelligence in terms of genetics