Ch 8 and 9 Skeletal System and Joints

______tips the soles medially, like facing each other, and______tips the soles laterally, away from each other.

Inversion; eversion

_________are the least movable joints.

Synostoses

A monoaxial joint like the elbow is capable of which one of the following movements?

flexion and extension

A hole through a bone that usually allows a passage for nerves and blood vessels is called a(n)

foramen

The axis is the only vertebrae with a....

dens (odontoid process)

The radioulnar joint is a

pivot joint.

The average number of bones in the adult skeleton

206

Vertebrae are divided into 5 groups, usually___cervical,_____thoracic,_____lumbar,______sacral, and______coccygeal.

7;12;5;5;4

Which is the most stable joint?

Coxal joint

The_______is not found in the elbow

Distal radioulnar joint.

______are not facial bones. (parietal, maxillae, lacrimal, nasal, palatine)

Parietal bones

What structure in the knee prevents hyperextension?

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL).

_______joint is a multiaxial joint.

The humeroscapular

Which interverebral disc is the largest?

The one between L4 and L5

________is not found as a part of the temporal bone.

The sella turcica

What do sutures, gomphoses and syndesmoses have in common?

These are fibrous joints.

Raising and arm to one side of the body to stop a taxi is an example of______of the shoulder.

abduction

The______deepens the socket of the hip joint and helps stabilize the joint.

acetabular labrum

A(n)_______is a sac of fluid associated with a synovial joint.

bursa

A rounded knob that articulates with another bone is called a

condyle

Radial (lateral) and ulnar (medial) collateral ligaments restrict side to side movements of the______joint.

elbow

All the bones listed below belong to the appendicular skeleton except the (clavicle, patella, ethmoid, ulna, carpals)

ethmoid

There are two of each of the following bones except for the unpaired (ethmoid, parietal, maxillae, zygomatic, palantine)

ethmoid

The acetabulum articulates with the

femur.

Unlike other joints, a________does not join two bones to each other.

gomphosis

The brachium contains the______, whereas the antebrachium contains the_______.

humerus; radius and ulna

The rotator cuff tendons enclose the shoulder joint on all sides except______, which explains in part the nature of most shoulder dislocations.

inferiorly

The jaw joint is the articulation of

mandible and temporal bone.

If you stand on tiptoes to reach something high, you are performing________at the ankle.

plantar flexion

The________does not belong to the tibiofemoral joint.

posterior tibiofibular ligament.

Your shoulders________when you reach to push a revolving door.

protract

Costal cartilages connect

ribs with the sternum

All of the bones below belong to the axial skeleton, except______, which belongs to the appendicular skeleton. (frontal, mandible, scapula, thoracic vertebrae, stapes)

scapula

The glenoid cavity of the______articulates with the head of the_______.

scapula; humerus

The_____houses the pituitary gland (hypophysis) and is found in the_____.

sella turcica; sphenoid bone

Fontanels are________in an infant.

spaces between the unfused cranial bones

The______belongs to the thoracic cage, whereas the_____belongs to the pectoral girdle.

sternum; clavicle

The______bursa does not belong to the glenohumeral joint.

subpatellar

Most of the bones of the skull are connected by immovable joints called

sutures

The joint between L2 and L3 is a....

symphysis

The joint between the costal cartilage 1 and the sternum is a______, whereas the other costal cartilages are joined to the sternum by_____joints.

synchondrosis; synovial

The temporomandibular joint is a(n)______joint.

synovial

________are the most movable joints.

synovial joints

Sinuses are not found in the..

temporal bone.

Which is the largest and most complex diarthrosis in the body?

the knee

Range of motion of a joint is normally determined by the following factors except

the length of the bone.

All of these contribute to the wall of the orbit except...

the nasal bone.

These are all structures found in the shoulder joint except.....

the radioulnar ligament.

Some joints become synostoses by....

the replacement of fibers with bone.

The talocrural joint is a meeting of...

the tibia, fibula and talus.