Ch. 8 Real Estate

Example of metes and bounds

"Beginning at an iron pipe marked A, common to the southwest corner of Section 14 and the northeast corner of Section 15, and thence running South 8 degrees 15 minutes East 75 feet to a pipe marked B, thence North 78 degrees 27 minutes East 34 3/10 feet to a pipe marked C, thence North 11 degrees 28 minutes West 74 9/10 feet to a pipe marked D, thence South 78 degrees 27 minutes West 30 2/10 feet to the place of beginning containing 2410.7 square feet, more or less."

how big is a section? 400 square yards 2 square miles 1 square mile 1 square hector

1 square mile

sq foot

144 sq inches

Rod

16.5 feet; 5.5 yards

cu yard

27 cu. feet

Vara

33 1/3 inches (This measurement is specific to Texas real estate and is used according to Texas statute).

Acre

43,560 sq. feet; 160 sq. rods

Mile

5,280 feet; 1,760 yards; 320 rods

Section

640 acres

sq Mile

640 acres

Based on Texas standards, what is the length of 2 varas? 66 2/3 inches 33 1/3 inches 34 inches 3 feet

66 2/3 inches

Chain

66 feet; 4 rods; 100 links

sq yard

9 sq feet

What type of survey is often used as a base to design future improvements?

A boundary and topographic survey

Cadastral land survey

A detailed survey with more information Shows exactly where boundaries, easements, and property lines are located Surveyors typically go to the property and make real-time measurements. Measurements are compared with archived land records to create a complete picture of what is located where

Land surveyors: people use them to assess

Boundaries for properties Topography for engineering designs Outline elevations for flood insurance for home sites Title for real estate transactions, subdivisions, and other construction projects

there are a number of different surveys

Boundary survey Location survey Topographic survey Site planning survey Subdivision survey Construction survey Geographic positioning system ALTA/ACSM survey

Geographic Positioning System

GPS surveys use portable receiving antennas to gather data transmitted from satellites. Those are used to calculate the position of the object being located on the surface of the earth.

what is a site-planning survey used for

Houses Residential subdivisions Stores Shopping centers New streets or highways Playgrounds

Point of beginning

In the Metes and Bounds method, this is the corner at which the boundary description starts.

Difficulties with the metes and bounds systems

Irregular property shapes made for more complex descriptions. The descriptions became challenging as the landscape changed, trees died, or streams moved by erosion. It wasn't useful for the large, newly surveyed tracts of land being opened in the west, which people were selling sight unseen to investors.

metes and bounds

It identifies the boundaries of a parcel of real estate using reference points, distances, and angles.

What does the Public Land State notion mean, according to US PLSS? It is a state in which public lands were owned by public companies It is a state in which public lands were owned by private people It is a state in which public lands were owned by the state authorities It is a state in which public lands were owned by the United States Government

It is a state in which public lands were owned by the United States Government

What does monumentation mean? It is the establishment of historical monuments It is the establishment of permanent on-the-ground objects that mark meridians and parallels It is the establishment of temporary on-the-ground objects that mark exact locations of surveyed points and lines It is the establishment of permanent on-the-ground objects that mark exact locations of surveyed points and lines

It is the establishment of permanent on-the-ground objects that mark exact locations of surveyed points and lines

What are the characteristics of a subdivision plat map? It must comply with federal surveying standards and ordinances It must comply with local surveying standards and ordinances It is used in the rectangular survey system It divides surveyed into sections

It must comply with local surveying standards and ordinances

What type of survey is a boundary survey with the additional location of all the interior improvements?

Location survey

Public land survey system (PLSS)

People use it to survey and classify land parcels before naming an owner, particularly in rural or undeveloped land

What is also referred to as the Rectangular Survey

Public land survey system

a legal description is required for

Public recording Creating a valid deed of conveyance or lease Completing mortgage documents Executing and recording other legal documents

Property surveys can be done for:

Residential land Commercial land Undeveloped land

House location survey

Sometimes called a drive-by survey Designed to show the location of the house and other large structures on the property, as well as the orientation of those structures in relation to each other Gives property owners a sense of what is present and where

What does Texas law require in order to record a plat with the county?

That all taxes, both current and delinquent, be paid

Which of the following is a distinctive feature of metes and bounds descriptions? They use meridians and base lines. They identify an enclosed area, beginning and ending at the same point. They use lot and block numbers. They incorporate elevation into the descriptions.

They identify an enclosed area, beginning and ending at the same point.

ALTA/ACSM Survey

This is a detailed survey that lending institutions often require. It is strictly geared towards companies purchasing commercial property.

construction survey

This survey uses surveying techniques to stake out buildings, roads, walls, utilities, etc. This includes horizontal and vertical grading, slope staking, and final as-built surveys.

Elevation

To describe property located above or below the earth's surface, such as the air rights of a condominium, a surveyor must know the property's ________

What reference is used to describe a township? Range Greenwich Strip Two consecutive meridians and two consecutive baseline parallels

Two consecutive meridians and two consecutive baseline parallels

What is a legal description not required for? Usage on specialized Internet platforms Public recording Creating a valid deed of conveyance or lease Completing mortgage documents

Usage on specialized Internet platforms

What was the metes-and-bounds system used to describe? Small settlements and undeveloped lands Undeveloped lands A town of around 3 miles and of any shape A town of around 4-6 miles and of generally rectangular shape

a town of around 4-6 miles and of generally rectangular shape

legal descriptions

accurately locates and identifies the boundaries of the subject parcel to a degree acceptable by courts of law in the state where the property is located.

Parallels

also called Township lines, run east and west. A base parallel or base line is the designated line for identifying townships. There is a base parallel for each principal meridian.

meridians

also called range lines, run north and south. A principal meridian is the single designated meridian for identifying townships in the principal meridian's geographical "jurisdiction." There are 37 principal meridians in the national survey.

township

area enclosed by the intersection of two consecutive parallels.

To simplify matters, surveyors have identified local elevation markers, called _______ to provide reference elevations for nearby properties.

benchmarks

Location survey

boundary survey with the additional location of all the interior improvements this type of survey may be required for obtaining a loan

Metes-and-Bounds system

describes property lines based on local markers and bounds that people had drawn. They were usually based on the topography

the term metes refers to

distance and direction

In a rectangular survey system, parallels run which direction

east and west

Monumentation

establishment of permanent on the ground objects that mark exact locations of surveyed points and lines

systems of legal description

facilitate transfers of ownership prevent boundary disputes prevent problems with the chain of title

the term bounds refers to

fixed reference points, or monuments and landmarks

site-planning survey

his survey uses a boundary and topographic survey as a base to design future improvements.

which of the statements was not a difficulty connected with usage of the metes and bounds system It required huge amount of red tape Irregular shapes for properties made for much more complex descriptions The descriptions became challenging as the landscape changes trees died or streams moved by erosion It required people available to maintain records

it required huge amount of red tape

What is the main characteristic of the early surveying of Ohio Lands? It required a lot of people available to maintain records It was done with more speed than care It was done slowly, but very accurately The system of surveying was very simplified

it was done with more speed than care

A boundary survey is also referred to as what? Land Survey Plat Property Plat Plat Survey Property Line Survey

land survey plat

Licensed surveyors are trained in techniques which allow them to determine the

legal description of a parcel of property

Boundary survey aka a land survey plat

locates and verifies all property corners and boundaries. shows the location of all improvements in relation to the property lines. includes an area of the overall property. shows any existing encroachments.

topographic survey

locates improvements and features such as elevations of the land, embankments, contours, water courses, roads, ditches, utilities, etc. People often use this survey in conjunction with a location survey in order to prepare a Site Design Map and a Subdivision Map.

A certain legal description contains the phrase,"...southeasterly along Happ Road to the stone landmark..." What kind of description is this? Plat survey Government grid Metes and bounds Rectangular survey

metes and bounds

British developed what type of land survey system

metes and bounds

What land survey system relies on point of beginning

metes and bounds

Three accepted methods of legally describing real estate are

metes and bounds rectangular survey system, or government survey method lot and block method, or recorded plat method

subdivision survey

often includes a topographic survey of a parcel of land. That will be divided into two or more smaller tracts, lots, or an estate division. It can also be used for site design of lots, streets, and drainage. This survey is for construction and recording.

sections

rectangular survey system divides a township into thirty-six squares called each side of this is one square mile, or 640 acres

Datums

standard elevation reference points. They have been established throughout the country.

Artificial landmarks are typically ______________________

surveyor stakes

The Public Land Survey System began shortly after

the American Revolution. This is when the federal government became responsible for areas of land west of the original 13 states.

tier

the east-west area between two parallels also known as a township strip identified by its relationship to the base parallel all of these are six miles wide

Range

the north-south area between consecutive meridians identified by its relationship to the principal meridian all of these things are six miles wide

What must a surveyor know to describe a property located above or below the earth's surface?

the property's elevation

How may the benchmarks be characterized? They were provided in order to simplify surveys They identify meridians They are very complicated for usage They identify parallels

they were provided in order to simplify surveys

What type of survey is often used in conjunction with a Location Survey in order to prepare a Site Design Map, a Subdivision Map, or an Erosion Control Plan? Construction Survey ATC Survey Plat Survey Topographic Survey

topographic survey

natural landmarks include

trees rocks rivers lakes

lot and block system

used to describe properties in residential, commercial, and industrial subdivisions. It is called the recorded plat method

When are property surveys most often conducted

when land is being sold