Ch. 9 Fibrous Joint

Articular Discs or Menisci

Crescent-shaped pads of fibrous cartilage located between the articulating surfaces of bones within some synovial joints

Synovial Joint Accessory

Extracapsular Ligaments, Intracapsular Ligaments, Articular Discs or Menisci, and Labra (Labrum)

Intracapsular Ligaments

Found within the articular capsule but excluded from the articular cavity by folds of the synovial membrane.

Subtypes of Syndesmoses

Interosseous ligaments, interosseous membranes, goophosis

Fibrous Joints Subtypes

Sutures and Syndesmoses

Which cartilaginous joints are slightly movable? Which are immovable?

Synchondroses = immovable, Symphyses = slight movable

Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation

a medical procedure used to repair damaged cartilage in joints of the body

Tendon Sheath

a membranelike structure surrounding the tendon, which separates the tendon from surrounding tissue and allows the tendon to glide smoothly inside the sheath.

Inner Synovial Membrane

a soft lining inside the articular capsule of a synovial joint; produces synovial fluid

Interosseous Ligaments

a specific type of connective tissue forming a ligament that connects the bones.

Sutures (fibrous joint)

a type of fibrous joint found only between the bones of the skull.

Syndesmoses (fibrous joint)

a type of fibrous joint where bones are connected by longer bands of dense connective tissue, allowing for slight movement.

Synovial Joint

a type of joint characterized by the presence of an articular cavity, surrounded by an articular capsule, which contains synovial fluid.

Cartilaginous Joint

a type of joint where the bones are connected by cartilage, allowing little or no movement.

Symphyses (sym= together) (physes= growth)

a type of joint where two bones are connected by a pad of fibrocartilage, allowing for slight movement and providing strength and support.

Synchondroses (chond= cartilage)

bones are connected by hyaline cartilage, which is relatively rigid and allows for little to no movement. (e.g., growth plates in long bones).

Define Fibrous Joint

joints where bones are connected by dense irregular connective tissue, primarily collagen fibers. These joints generally allow little to no movement.

Extracapsular Ligaments

ligaments are located outside the articular capsule of the joint.

Articular Capsule

like a sleeve that wraps around a synovial joint, enclosing the space between the bones and holding them together.

Bursae

lubricated fluid-filled thin sac located between bone and surrounding soft tissue, bones and tendons, and/or muscles around joints

Two Layers of Articular Capsule

outer fibrous capsule and inner synovial membrane

Interosseous Membranes

A fibrous joint where bones are connected by a broad, flat sheet of dense irregular connective tissue.

Gomphosis

A type of fibrous joint where a cone-shaped peg fits into a socket, held in place by a ligament.

On what basis are joints classified?

Joints are classified based on the type of material that connects the bones and the degree of movement they allow: fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial

Cartilagious Subtypes

Synchondroses, Symphyses

Location of Synchondroses and Symphysis

Synchondrosis: Synchondroses are commonly found in areas where growth or development occurs, such as the epiphyseal plates of long bones. Symphysis: Symphyses are found in areas where strength and shock absorption are important, such as the pubic symphysis and intervertebral discs.

Function of Synchondroses and Symphysis

Synchondrosis: Synchondroses provide structural support and allow for longitudinal bone growth during development. Symphysis: Symphyses provide support and stability to the joints while allowing for some degree of flexibility and movement, especially in weight-bearing areas.

Torn cartilage

damage or injury to the tough, rubbery tissue in joints, known as cartilage.

Three Classification of Joints

fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial

Articular Cartilage

hyaline cartilage that covers the ends of bones in synovial joints

Synovial Fluid

joint-lubricating fluid secreted by the synovial membrane

Q What structure of synovial joints allows efficient movement between articulating bones?

the efficient movement of synovial joints is facilitated by the smooth, shock-absorbing properties of articular cartilage and the lubricating, nutrient-distributing functions of synovial fluid. This combination allows joints to move freely and withstand the stresses of daily activities.

Articulary Cavity

the joint cavity refers to the space between the articulating surfaces of two bones within a synovial joint.

Define Joint

the point of contact between bones, bone and cartilage, or bone and teeth.

Bursitis

the small sac of fluid that cushions joints gets inflamed

Outer Fibrous Capsule

tough connective tissue that attaches to the bones' outer covering (periosteum); strong enough to prevent dislocation