ch.14
Dr. Taylor's CVA occurred in the left cerebral hemisphere, near her language center. If Dr. Taylor's CVA had occurred in the same region of the right cerebral hemisphere, what would have been different about her symptoms?
She would have had difficulty in visual and spatial analysis as well as possible difficulty in identifying familiar objects by touch, taste, and sight.
Which of the following is NOT part of the brain stem?
Thalamus
Which of the meningeal membranes creates a space outside the brain where cerebrospinal fluid circulates?
The arachnoid mater
What is the last spot where CSF circulates before being resorbed by the circulatory system?
The arachnoid villi
Which of the following provide(s) mechanical protection for the brain by cradling it?
The bones of the skull
Which of the following structures do(es) NOT provide protection and shock absorption for the brain?
The carotid arteries and jugular veins
What are two structures that integrate the functioning of the nervous system and endocrine system?
The hypothalamus and pituitary gland
What are the structures in the medulla that relay sensory information to the thalamus?
The nucleus gracilis and nucleus cuneatus
What are the two parts of the brain that compose the diencephalon?
The thalamus and hypothalamus
Which of the following is NOT a function of cerebrospinal fluid?
Transporting oxygen to brain cells
A buildup of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the cranial cavity can lead to: enlargement of the cranium in infants "water on the brain," or hydrocephaly You were Sure and Correct all of the listed outcomes compression of brain tissue and impairment of neural function
all of the listed out comes
Neural tissue in the central nervous system (CNS) is isolated from the general circulation by the
blood-brain barrier
Monitoring of the composition of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and the removal of waste products from the CSF occurs in the
choroid plexus
The center in the medulla oblongata where the first synapse in the auditory pathway is made is the
cochlear nucleus
Dr. Taylor bled into her left cerebral hemisphere. What is the function of the cerebrum?
conscious thought processes, intellectual functions, memory storage and processing, and conscious/subconscious control of skeletal muscle
Which of these neural injuries will the corneal reflex NOT test for?
damage to cranial nerve II
Excess cerebrospinal fluid is returned to venous circulation by
diffusion across the arachnoid villi
Fresh blood, with oxygen and nutrients, reaches the brain through the
internal carotid and vertebral arteries
The cardiovascular centers and the respiratory rhythmicity centers are located in the
medulla oblongata
The pons exchanges information with the cerebellum over the
middle cerebellar peduncle
Which of these is found in the pons?
nuclei for four cranial nerves tracts to the cerebellum respiratory control nuclei
The blood-brain barrier remains intact throughout the CNS EXCEPT in
portions of the hypothalamus and the choroid plexus
Injury to this center in the mesencephalon may lead to Parkinson's disease.
substantia nigra
If you are reading and you unexpectedly hear a loud noise, your head generally snaps up. Which portion of the midbrain is most likely to be responsible for this reflexive motion?
the inferior colliculus
The versatility of the brain to respond to stimuli is greater than that of the spinal cord because of
the number of neurons and the complex interconnections among the neurons
Which embryological brain vesicle will form the cerebrum?
the telencephalon
Which of the following statements about a subdural hemorrhage is true?
A break in a vein may cause blood to flow to the meningeal layer of the dura mater and down to the arachnoid layer.
Which of these statements about the medulla oblongata is true? It connects the brain and spinal cord. The medulla oblongata relays all communication between the brain and spinal cord. It coordinates complex autonomic functions. All of the listed responses are correct.
All of the listed responses are correct.
Dr. Taylor experienced a cerebrovascular accident (CVA), or stroke. Why is stroke dangerous to neurons?
CVAs block the normal blood supply to the brain; neurons that are starved of oxygen and nutrients begin to die within minutes.
Which cells are most directly associated with the formation of CSF?
Ependymal cells
What are the structures that are elevated ridges, which increase surface area to increase the number of neurons in a specific area?
Gyri
What would happen if the normal circulation or resorption of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were blocked?
Hydrocephalus
Why is damage to the medulla potentially so harmful despite the fact that the medulla is the lowest part of the brainstem?
It contains vital autonomic reflex centers
Which of these is NOT a property of the limbic system?
It regulates body temperature.
Which part of the brainstem has a control center that makes you breathe?
Medulla oblongata
What is the sequence of the structures that make up the brain stem going from the diencephalon to the spinal cord?
Midbrain, pons, and medulla
Which of the meninges is adhered to the surface of the brain and accompanies the branches of the blood vessels as they penetrate the surface of the brain?
Pia Mater
Which of the following is NOT a function of the cerebrospinal fluid?
Providing the blood-brain barrier
Which of the following is NOT a function of the medulla oblongata?
Receiving and interpreting visual stimuli