ch.14

Please distinguish between the eye and eye wall of a hurricane. PLEASE SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.

1. The eye is the very center of the hurricane, and it is surrounded by the eyewall. 2. In the eye of the hurricane, precipitation ceases and the wind subsides. In contrast, the greatest wind speeds and the heaviest rainfall occur within the eyewall.

Why is cold-front weather usually more severe than warm-front weather? PLEASE SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.

1. The slope of a cold front is steeper than that of a warm front. 2. Cold fronts have higher rates of movement than warm fronts.

How are thunderstorms related to midlatitude cyclones, hurricanes, and tornadoes? PLEASE SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.

1. Tornadoes sometimes form during thunderstorms. 2. Hurricanes often generate widespread thunderstorms. 3. Thunderstorms are frequently spawned on the cold front of a midlatitude cyclone.

What are the basic requirements for the formation of a thunderstorm? PLEASE SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.

1. buoyancy of air; 2. warm air that releases latent heat when lifted; 3. moisture in the air

What are the stages in the development of a thunderstorm, from first to last?

1. updrafts provide moisture that condenses and builds the cloud; 2. heavy precipitation falls and the cloud enlarges due to updrafts and downdrafts; 3.when updrafts disappear, the precipitation wanes and then stops, and the cloud evaporates

Define hurricane. What other names are used for this type of storm?

A hurricane is an intense center of low pressure that forms over tropical oceans and is characterized by intense convective activity and strong cyclonic circulation. Other names for hurricanes include "cyclone" and "typhoon".

Describe a stationary front and an occluded front.

A stationary front occurs when there is a flow on both sides of the front that is almost parallel to the line of the front. An occluded front occurs when an active cold front overtakes a warm front.

Distinguish between a tornado watch and a tornado warning.

A tornado watch is the possibility for tornados to occur over a specified area for a particular time interval, whereas a tornado warning indicates that a tornado has been sighted in an area or has been indicated by radar.

Briefly explain how flow aloft aids the formation of cyclones at the surface.

Air aloft disperses air masses that are pulled to the centers of low pressure, allowing cyclones to be maintained.

During what months is tornado activity most pronounced in the United States?

April through June

Source region

Area where air masses meets temperature and moisture

Why do hurricanes not form near the equator? Explain the lack of hurricanes in the South Atlantic and eastern South Pacific.

Hurricanes do not form at the equator because the Coriolis effect there is too weak there to initiate rotary motion of the storm. They do not form in the South Atlantic or eastern South Pacific because the waters there are too cool.

When do most hurricanes in the North Atlantic and Caribbean occur? Why are these months the most common times for hurricanes?

Most hurricanes in the North Atlantic and Caribbean occur in late August through October, when oceanic waters are consistently warm enough for hurricane formation.

Where are thunderstorms most common on Earth? In the United States?

On Earth, thunderstorms are most common in the tropics. In the United States, thunderstorms are most common in Florida and the Gulf Region.

What is the hurricane scale name?

Saffir Simpson hurricane

Name the scale commonly used to rate tornado intensity. How is a rating on this scale determined?

The Enhanced Fujita intensity scale assesses the worst damage that is produced by a storm.

Why does the intensity of a hurricane diminish rapidly when it moves over land? PLEASE SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.

The storm's source of warm, moist tropical air is cut off. Friction from the increased roughness of the land rapidly slows the storm's surface wind speeds.

Compare the weather of a typical warm front with that of a typical cold front.

Warm fronts typically produce light to moderate precipitation over a large area for an extended period; cold fronts typically produce greater intensities of precipitation over a shorter duration accompanied by a drop in temperature.

In what latitude zone does hurricanes develope

between 5 degrees and 20 degrees in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres

What are fronts

boundaries that separate surface of different densities.

Doppler radar

can detect motion, formation, mesocyclone the rotating wind system, hail, tornados,

What would be the weather associated with the passage of a mature midlatitude cyclone when the center of low pressure is about 200 to 300 kilometers (125 to 200 miles) north of your location?

cool air ending with precipitation that is followed by warm air, followed by cold air beginning with heavy precipitation

Storm surge

is a dome of water 65 to 80 kilo(40 to 50 miles)

Air Masses

is an immense body of air typically 1600 kilometer(1000 miles)

Overrunning

is when warm air is gliding up and over cold air mass.

What are the broad categories of hurricane damage? PLEASE SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.

storm surge, wind damage, and inland flooding

what is the source of energy that drives a hurricane

the latent heat that is liberated when huge quantities of water vapor condense

Tropical depression

when strong winds don't exceed 61 kilo(38 miles)

Tropical storm

when winds are between 61 and 119 kilo(38 and 74 miles)