Ch23 LEC Part 1

Which of the following terms describes the process of two nuclei fusing?

Karyogamy

symbiotic associations between plants and fungi.

Mycorrhizae

______ is an Ascomycota fungus that is used to make antibiotics.

Penicillin

What roles do fungi play in an ecosystem?

Population control agent Mutualist with plants Nutrient recycler

Glomeromycota

a group of fungi that form symbiotic relationships with plant roots.

An example of Zygomycota

bread mold

When fungi reproduce asexually, they produce spores called __________

conidia

The vegetative cells of fungi are long filaments called

hyphae

conidia are _________ the parent fungus.

identical to

multiple hyphae come together & form

mycelium

The underground network of cells that make up the majority of a fungus is called the ________ which is made of many ____________. These structures release ________________ to break down organic matter which they can then absorb.

mycelium; hyphae; digestive enzymes

How do scientists denote the ploidy of a heterokaryon?

n + n

What is the ploidy of the majority of cells in a basidiocarp?

n + n

Chytridiomycota (chytrids)

only fungi with motile cells, as they produce spores and gametes with flagella

Basidiomycota (club fungi)

sexual spores borne externally on club-shaped structures called basidia

In Mycorrhizae, plants provide___________ to fungi. Fungi provide __________ to the plants.

sugar; nutrients

Which of the following groups of organisms form the reproductive structures known as mushrooms?

Basidiomycetes

Mushrooms are classified as

Basidiomycota fungi

Mycorrhizae are formed by which of the following fungal groups?

Both sac and club fungi

What makes fungi very good at recycling nutrients in an ecosystem and also makes them good mutualists with plants?

Fungi have hyphae that can grow very far and dissolve organic material.

Which feature makes Saccharomyces cerevisiae useful as a model organism?

S. cerevisiae is a eukaryote, so its cells have similar structures to animal cells.

Ascomycota has a _______ where spores form on the inside.

SAC

Which of the following is true of Ascomycetes?

Some Ascomycetes form mycorrhizae with plant roots. Some Ascomycetes are used as biological factories.Some Ascomycetes form above-ground fruiting bodies.

Which of the following are true about fungal reproduction?

Some fungi can sexually reproduce with genetically identical individuals. Fungi produce sexual spores via meiosis. Some fungi can sexually reproduce only with compatible mating types.