Ch.3: health,wellness, and health disparities

What is a dynamic state in which a person constantly adapts to changes in the internal and external environment?

Health is a dynamic state in which a person constantly adapts to changes in the internal and external environment. Wellness is a dynamic and conscious process of making choices that help achieve one's fullest potential. Holism is care that addresses all dimensions of a person, mind, body, and spirit. Infirmity refers to a state of disability due to an illness.

Which is the goal of tertiary prevention of illness?

Minimizing complications

A nurse refers an HIV-positive client to a local support group. This is an example of what level of preventive care?

tertiary

Chronic illness may be characterized by periods of remission. Remission is best defined as:

the presence of a disease with the absence of symptoms. Exacerbation is the reappearance of symptoms of a disease.

An older adult patient has been recently diagnosed with vascular dementia. Because the client lives alone and has poorly controlled hypertension, the client has begun to receive home healthcare. This new aspect of the client's care is characteristic of which stage of illness?

Assuming a dependent role:The stage of assuming a dependent role often requires assistance in carrying out activities of daily living. As well, the patient often requires care, which may be provided in the home. Experiencing symptoms and assuming a sick role may precede (or accompany) this process. Recovery and rehabilitation are not evident in the patient's present circumstances.

What is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity?

Health:The World Health Organization defines health as "a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity." Wellness is a dynamic and conscious process of making choices to achieve one's highest level of potential. Holism is care that addresses all dimensions of a person, including mind, body, and spirit. Host is the person who experiences an infection.

What level of prevention is represented by educating a group of clients on breast self-examination?

Primary prevention

A client has a Staphylococcus infection in a decubitus ulcer. In this case, Staphylococcus is the:

agent:The agent is any factor that leads to illness. The client is the host of the infection. The environment is setting in which the infection occurs. The disease is a pathological process that can result from the infection.

The nurse is assessing a client who has presented at the ambulatory care unit. The nurse notes the client has impaired muscle coordination. The nurse correctly documents the presence of:

ataxia:Ataxia refers to a lack of muscle coordination. Tremors are rhythmic, repetitive movements. Chorea is spontaneous, brief, involuntary muscle twitching of the limbs or facial muscles. Athetosis refers to movement characterized by slow, irregular, twisting motions.

The recognition of health as an ongoing process toward a person's highest potential of functioning is defined as:

high-level wellness.

The nurse is giving a talk to a local community group on the harms of smoking. The nurse tells the group that a risk factor is something that increases a person's chances for illness or injury. What type of risk factor is smoking?

modifiable:Risk factors are defined as modifiable (things a person can change, such as quitting smoking) and nonmodifiable (things that cannot be changed, such as a family history of cancer). Primary and secondary are not associated with risk factors.

Consultation and diagnostic tests are included in which level of health care?

Secondary care:Consultation and diagnostic tests are included in the secondary level of health care. The first contact with a general physician is the primary care, and the reference to a highly specialized facility for desensitization is the tertiary care level. The secondary and tertiary care facilities are equipped to provide highly specialized care. Extended care is care provided to clients who no longer require acute hospital care.