ch.31

Which information would the nurse find in the medication administration record? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. Patient's name Dosage of medication Patient's date of birth Medication expiration date Route of administration Medication manufacturing date

Patient's name Dosage of medication Patient's date of birth Route of administration

Which route is generally preferred for the administration of anesthetic agents during abdominal surgery?

Inhalational

Which route of administration mainly uses medication in the form of aerosol sprays? Oral Buccal Inhalational Transdermal

Inhalational

Which type of medication is often described as a "rescue" or "maintenance" medication?

Inhalational Inhaled medications are also often described as "rescue" or "maintenance" medications.

Which action would the nurse perform first when mixing medications from a vial and an ampule?

Injecting air into the vial Filling air into the vial with the syringe eases the extraction of the medication.

Which patient can be safely administered oral medication? Patient with dysphagia Patient with mouth lesions Patient with skin abrasions Patient with esophageal strictures

Patient with skin abrasions

When mixing two types of insulin in one syringe, which nursing student action indicates a need for further training?

Shaking the bottle of intermediate-acting insulin to resuspend the preparation

Which material is used to administer intravenous (IV) medication through piggybacks? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. Vial Syringe Buretrol Short microdrip Infusion tubing with blunt end

Short microdrip Infusion tubing with blunt end

Which part of a pressurized metered-dose inhaler is used to improve drug absorption in a patient's airway?

Spacer

Which statement made by the student nurse shows ineffective learning regarding the prevention of infection during the administration of an injection via the parenteral route?

"I should avoid friction and a circular motion while cleansing the site."

Which statement is true regarding the advantage of parenteral medication administration?

"The parenteral route provides medication to patients with poor peripheral perfusion."

Which statement made by the nursing student causes the registered nurse to suspect that an intradermal medication has entered the subcutaneous tissue?

"The site is bleeding."

How many milliliters of solution or diluents are administered through piggybacks?

30 mL The volume of solution or diluent administered through piggybacks is 30 mL (between 25 and 250 mL).

Which statement is accurate regarding orally administered medications? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. The overall rate of absorption is usually rapid. A capsule is a medication encased in a gelatin shell. All oral medications should be given between meals. Acidic medications pass through the gastric mucosa more rapidly. Oral medications have a more prolonged effect than parenteral medications. The oral route is the most commonly used route of medication administration.

A capsule is a medication encased in a gelatin shell. Acidic medications pass through the gastric mucosa more rapidly. Oral medications have a more prolonged effect than parenteral medications. The oral route is the most commonly used route of medication administration.

Which statement is true regarding piggybacks?

A piggyback is connected to a short tubing line.

Which site is frequently recommended for administering heparin injections?

Abdomen Heparin is administered subcutaneously at the abdominal site. This site has the best absorption.

Which action of the nurse indicates instillation of fluids into a body cavity? Administering an eardrop Placing a suppository in the rectum Flushing the vagina with medicated fluid Inserting medicated packing into the vagina

Administering an eardrop

Which action made by the nursing student indicates the need for correction regarding administering a parenteral medication to a 3-year-old child?

Administering the medication when the patient is asleep The nursing student should not administer parenteral medication when the 3-year-old patient is sleeping because this action may give the patient anxiety.

Which statement about dry powder inhalers requires correction? The medication inside a dry powder inhaler can clump if exposed to humid climate. Few patients cannot inspire fast enough to administer the entire dose of the medication. All dry powder inhalers require patients to load a single dose of medication into the inhaler with each use. A dry powder inhaler is activated with the patient's breath, so there is no need to coordinate puffs with inhalation.

All dry powder inhalers require patients to load a single dose of medication into the inhaler with each use.

Which method of intravenous (IV) medication administration involves introducing a concentrated dose of a medication directly into the systemic circulation?

An IV bolus An IV bolus involves introducing a concentrated dose of a medication directly into the systemic circulation.

Which statement is accurate regarding the steps involved in administering medications by inhalation? A. The alveolar-capillary network absorbs medications slowly. B. Breath-actuated metered-dose inhalers (BAIs) do not use a spacer. C. Ten to 20 pounds of pressure is applied to the canister to administer the medication. D. A spacer is 8 to 10 inches in length and allows the particles of medication to slow down.

Breath-actuated metered-dose inhalers (BAIs) do not use a spacer.

The health care provider advises a patient to dissolve the prescribed drug in his mouth for a long time without swallowing. Which form of medication is prescribed for this patient? A.Elixir B.Capsule C.Lozenge D.Enteric-coated table

C.Lozenge Flat, round tablets that dissolve in the mouth to release medication not meant for ingestion are referred to as lozenges.

Which statement is true regarding dry powder inhalers (DPIs)? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. DPIs require the use of spacers. DPIs require more manual dexterity. DPIs can be activated by a patient's breath. DPIs clump if the patient is in a humid climate. DPIs create an aerosol when a patient inhales.

DPIs can be activated by a patient's breath. DPIs clump if the patient is in a humid climate. DPIs create an aerosol when a patient inhales.

Which statement describes the role of state Nurse Practice Acts (NPAs) in nursing? Controlling sales and distribution of medicines Defining the scope of nurses' professional functions Ensuring safe and effective medications to the general population Establishing the individual policies to meet federal, state, and local regulations

Defining the scope of nurses' professional functions

Which action may cause the contamination of a solution during an injection?

Drawing up the medication slowly The nurse should draw up the medication quickly, not slowly, to prevent contamination.

Which type of inhalers require less manual dexterity?

Dry powder inhalers

Which oral medication is available in liquid form? Elixir Tablet Capsule Lozeng

Elixir

Which route is used for the administration of regional analgesia for surgical procedures? Epidural Intrapleural Intraosseous Intraperitoneal

Epidural

Which statement describes the rationale of using the intravenous (IV) route of drug administration?

Establishes constant therapeutic blood levels The IV route is the best route for establishing constant therapeutic blood levels. Because the IV route is limited to injecting highly soluble medications, it cannot be used to inject partially soluble medications.

Which nursing skill is involved in assessing a patient's status after administering an intravenous medication?

Evaluation Evaluation is the skill involved when the nurse assesses a patient's status after giving an intravenous medication.

Which statement is true regarding the disadvantage of medication administration through intraocular disk?

Expensive

While assessing a patient, the nurse observes raised, irregularly shaped skin eruptions with red margins. Which mild allergic reaction does the nurse document in the medical record? Rash Hives Rhinitis Pruritus

Hives

Which type of volume-controlled infusion is commonly called a saline lock?

Intermittent venous access Intermittent venous access is commonly called a saline lock.

Which statement about various routes of drug administration requires correction? Chemotherapeutic agents are administered through the intrapleural route. Intradermal injections deposit the medication just below the dermis of the skin. Intraosseous administration of drugs is most commonly used in infants and toddlers. Patients taking medication through the sublingual route are instructed not to drink water until the tablet dissolves.

Intradermal injections deposit the medication just below the dermis of the skin.

Which parenteral route of administration uses the Z-track method?

Intramuscular route The Z-track method is recommended during intramuscular injection to minimize local skin irritation by sealing the medication in muscle tissue.

Which route of administration is beneficial in an emergency situation for an infant with poor access to intravascular space? Intrathecal Intrapleural Intraosseous Intraperitoneal

Intraosseous

Which route of administration is commonly used to administer chemotherapeutic agents? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. Epidural Intracardiac Intrapleural Intraarticular Intraperitoneal

Intrapleural Intraperitoneal

The nurse has to administer an alkaline medication to a patient. Which route of administration of this medication is preferred?

Intravenous Alkaline and other irritant medications are usually administered through the intravenous route because this causes less discomfort.

Which statement is true regarding the topical route of medication administration? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. It has more side effects. It primarily provides local effect. It is a painless route of administration. Medications are absorbed through skin rapidly. Patients with skin abrasions are at risk of systemic effect.

It primarily provides local effect. It is a painless route of administration. Patients with skin abrasions are at risk of systemic effect.

A student nurse administers low-molecular-weight heparin to a patient via the subcutaneous route. Which action made by the nurse may likely cause bruising and pain?

Keeping the injection rate at 10 seconds. A slow injection rate of 30 seconds, not 10 seconds, is appropriate for reducing bruising and pain.

Which topical medication contains a soapy emollient?

Liniment Liniment usually contains a soapy emollient. Paste is a form of thick ointment which may not contain a soapy emollient.

Which statement about medical legislation and standards requires correction? The first American law to regulate medications was the Pure Food and Drug Act. The current monitoring body for maintaining the standards of medications is the US Food and Drug Administration. MedWatch enables health care personnel to report any adverse effects of medicines. MedWatch ensures all medications on the market undergo rigorous testing before they are sold.

MedWatch ensures all medications on the market undergo rigorous testing before they are sold.

Which medication form can be administered by the topical route? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. Paste Troche Powder Liniment Suppository

Paste Liniment

Which patient does the nurse suspect needs parental administration of medication?

Patient B Patient B is unconscious and is unable to take the medication orally.

Which term indicates the use of tampons that are treated with medication?

Nasal instillation

The nurse provides education about intravenous (IV) medication administration to a group of nursing students and includes which information?

Occlude the IV line by pinching the tubing just above the injection port.

Which nursing intervention is beneficial while administering a bitter medication to a child? Reducing the dose of the medication Offering the child a frozen juice bar Replacing the medication with another medication Mixing the medication in the child's favorite food

Offering the child a frozen juice bar When a medication tastes bitter, the nurse should offer the child a frozen juice bar to numb the child's taste buds.

Which route of drug administration is most economical and convenient? Oral Topical Parenteral Inhalational

Oral

Which statement is true regarding routes of medication administration? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. Parenteral route causes anxiety in patients. Inhalational routes have higher absorption rates. Medications are absorbed slowly through the skin. Oral route is avoided in patients with gastrointestinal disorders. Oral route is used in patients with reduced gastrointestinal motility.

Parenteral route causes anxiety in patients. Medications are absorbed slowly through the skin. Oral route is avoided in patients with gastrointestinal disorders.

Who can legally use a pill-splitting device to split tablets in half? Patient Caregiver Pharmacist Nursing student

Pharmacist

Which type of volume-controlled infusion sets involves a macrodrip system?

Piggyback The piggyback tubing is a macrodrip system.

Which statement related to enteral feeding needs correction?

Positioning a patient at a 90-degree angle while administering enteral feeding reduces the risk of aspiration.

Which medication form is commonly prepared for administration by parenteral routes? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. Elixir Troche Extrac Powder Solution

Powder Solution

Which physiological change affecting the metabolism of medication would the nurse be aware of in geriatric patients? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. Reduced liver function Reduced absorptive capacity Reduced functioning of brain receptors Shortening of half-life of drugs excreted through the kidneys Reduced function of the immune system

Reduced liver function Reduced absorptive capacity

Which statement is true regarding an inhaler containing rescue medication?

Rescue medication provides immediate relief.

A diabetic patient has been prescribed regular insulin and intermediate-acting (NPH) insulin. When teaching the patient about self-administration of insulin, what would the nurse instruct the patient regarding preparation of the insulin? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. Shake the insulin vial before preparing. Roll the cloudy insulin vial between the palms of the hands. Prepare the regular insulin first and then draw up the NPH . The presence of bubbles in the syringe does not alter the insulin dose. Administer both insulins 15 minutes before a meal.

Roll the cloudy insulin vial between the palms of the hands. Prepare the regular insulin first and then draw up the NPH insulin. Administer both insulins 15 minutes before a meal.

Which nursing action is correct while mixing two types of insulin in one syringe? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. Wiping the tops of both insulin vials with hot water swabs. Rolling the insulin bottle between the hands if the insulin is cloudy Reviewing the patient's medical history and allergies to medications, food, and latex Preparing the intermediate-acting insulin before the regular insulin Showing insulin prepared in a syringe to another nurse to verify the correct dosage preparation

Rolling the insulin bottle between the hands if the insulin is cloudy Reviewing the patient's medical history and allergies to medications, food, and latex Showing insulin prepared in a syringe to another nurse to verify the correct dosage preparation

Arrange in order the steps to be followed while preparing injections from an ampule. 1.Place a small gauze pad at the ampule neck. 2.Tap the top of the ampule neck. 3.Draw the medication into the syringe using a filter needle. 4.Snap the neck of the ampule quickly with the hands.

The ampule must be tapped slightly and quickly with the finger until fluid moves from the neck of the ampule. Then the nurse should place a small gauze pad around the neck of the ampule to protect the fingers from trauma while breaking the ampule open. After this step, the nurse snaps the neck of the ampule quickly and firmly to protect the fingers and face from shattering glass. Finally, the medication is drawn quickly into the syringe using a filter needle to prevent the medication from being contaminated by airborne particles.

Which statement is true regarding the use of the deltoid muscle site in parenteral administration?

The deltoid muscle site is used to administer the hepatitis B vaccine.

Which information would the nurse provide the patient about maintenance medication?

The effects of maintenance medication last for a long time.

Which information would the nurse include to a patient about subcutaneous administration of enoxaparin?

The injection site should not be near any bony prominences or large nerves. The medication is injected into the connective tissue below the dermis.

Which statement is true regarding dry powder inhalers (DPIs)?

The medication in them may clump in a humid climate.

The health care provider prescribes pain medication to a patient with the notation prn in the prescription. Which interpretation would the nurse make from the prescription?

The medication should be taken as needed.

Which statement describes the advantage of administering medications by the oral route? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. The oral route is easy to administer. The oral route rarely causes anxiety. The oral route is convenient and comfortable. The oral route can be used when a patient has gastric suction. The oral route is effective when a patient has reduced gastric motility.

The oral route is easy to administer. The oral route rarely causes anxiety. The oral route is convenient and comfortable.

Which statement is true regarding a disadvantage of the parenteral route of medication administration?

The parenteral route may place the patient at a higher risk of reactions.

Which statement about medication names requires correction? The trademark for generic names is indicated by the superscript TM. The United States Adopted Names Council approves generic names of drugs. The nonproprietary name of a medication is the generic name given to the drug.

The trademark for generic names is indicated by the superscript TM.

Which statement is true regarding vaginal suppositories? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. They are prescribed for treating infection. They are administered with an applicator inserter. They are stored in the refrigerator to prevent them from melting. Solid, oval-shaped suppositories are packaged individually in foil wrappers. They should be kept at room temperature for some time before administration.

They are prescribed for treating infection. They are stored in the refrigerator to prevent them from melting. Solid, oval-shaped suppositories are packaged individually in foil wrappers.

For which reason would the nurse wear disposable gloves while removing and applying a transdermal patch for a patient?

To prevent medication from being absorbed into the nurse's skin

Which statement is true regarding the purpose of injecting lidocaine to a site before injecting the medication?

To reduce pain

Which topical medication may lead to respiratory depression in the case of an overdose? Lotion Liniment Ointment Transdermal patch

Transdermal patch

Which form of medication used topically releases the medication slowly over a long period? Paste Liniment Ointment Transdermal patch

Transdermal patch Transdermal patches are topical medications. The medication released from the patch is absorbed through skin slowly over a long period.

Which statement is true regarding the purposes of intravenous therapy? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. Transfusing blood products Providing parenteral nutrition Supplying electrolytes and nutrients Providing treatment with low cost Providing medication in a long-term therapy Providing medications to unconscious patients

Transfusing blood products Providing parenteral nutrition Supplying electrolytes and nutrients Providing medications to unconscious patients

How does the nurse pull the ear of an 8-year-old patient when administering eardrops?

Upward and outward

Which strategy would the nurse use to prevent errors when administering a high-risk medication intravenously? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. Use the mnemonic CATS PRRR. Ask another nurse to double-check all medications. Follow the five rights of safe medication administration. Prepare high-alert medications in a patient care unit. Review the medication prescription for use of standardized infusion concentrations of high-alert medications. If a pharmacist has checked the work process, there is no need for the nurse to check it.

Use the mnemonic CATS PRRR. Review the medication prescription for use of standardized infusion concentrations of high-alert medications.

Which advantage is accurate for intravenous (IV) bolus medication administration over other methods of administration?

Useful for patients with restricted fluid intake. Because a bolus requires only a small amount of fluid to deliver the medication, it is an advantage when the amount of fluid the patient can take is restricted.

Which medication would the nurse add to intravenous fluids?

Vitamins

When is the administration of an oral medication contraindicated? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. When the patient is unconscious When the patient is an older adult When the patient has gastric suction When the patient is a 5-year-old child When the patient is awaiting surgery

When the patient is unconscious When the patient has gastric suction When the patient is awaiting surgery

When administering IV medication by volume-controlled administration, what material is used?

a vial, syringe, and buretrol are used.