Chap 4

The genetic center of the eukaryotic cell is the _____

nucleus.

A certain cell has a plasma membrane, ribosomes, and a nucleoid region. Based on this information, it could be

a bacterium

What is the function of the nucleus?

to contain the hereditary blueprint of the cell

What is the function of the nucleolus?

to manufacture ribosomes

A normal size range for a typical eukaryotic cell is _____.

10 to 100 micrometers

What is the function of the cell membrane? A. Gives the cell shape, protection, and regulates movement of substances into and out of cell B. makes protein C. produces atp

A. Gives the cell shape, protection, and regulates movement of substances into and out of cell

what is the function of the mitochondria and its location? A. in cytoplasm produces atp B. in cytoplasm, breaks down food and foreign material C. middle of cell, brain

A. in cytoplasm produces atp

What is the name of a double layer of phospholipids (called lipid bilayer)? A. plasma membrane B. cytoskeloton C. cellulose cell wall

A. plasma membrane

What is the function and location of the golgi apparatus? A.cytoplasm, and modify package and export B.through out cell, protein synthesis, C.surrounding the cell, makes protein

A.cytoplasm, and modify package and export

What is the function and location of the ribosome A. make protein, and located in the rer B. modify package and export, in the cytoplasm C.What is the function and location of the ribosome A.make protein, and located in the rer B.modify package and export, in the cytoplasm C.protein synthesis, through out the cel

A.make protein, and located in the rer

How is it possible that antibiotics can target bacterial cells in your body, without harming your own cells?

Antibiotics target aspects of bacterial cells that human cells lack.

Regulates what enters and leaves the cell. BARRIER between cell and it's environment.

Cell membrane

Which of the following statements describes the function of the contractile vacuole? It contains the cell sap. It converts light energy to chemical energy. It converts light energy to physical energy. It contains trapped bacteria to be digested by the lysosomes. It eliminates excess water from the cytoplasm of freshwater protists.

It eliminates excess water from the cytoplasm of freshwater protists.

______ break down sugars and provide energy in the form of ATP for the cell.

Mitochondria

Which one of the following organelles is not surrounded by a membrane? ribosomes chloroplast lysosomes nucleus mitochondrion

Ribosomes

_____ are the sites for protein synthesis

Ribosomes. (* Ribosomes are involved in the manufacture of polypeptides (proteins). * Ribsosomes are composed of RNA and protein.

Folded membranes attached to the nucleus. Has ribosomes attached. Involved in protein synthesis.

Rough ER

Folded membranes attached to the nucleus. Where lipids are made (lipid synthesis).

Smooth ER

Why are antibiotic-resistant bacteria becoming more common? Widespread antibiotic use encourages natural selection of bacteria with mutations that provide resistance to these antibiotics. Other diseases are becoming more scarce, providing more opportunity for antibiotic-resistant bacteria to infect humans. Widespread antibiotic use triggers mutations, which then confer resistance to bacteria. Doctors are not prescribing antibiotics often enough, resulting in increased numbers of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Bacteria are designed to survive in the presence of antibiotics.

Widespread antibiotic use encourages natural selection of bacteria with mutations that provide resistance to these antibiotics.

Mitochondria are found in _____

both plant cells and animal cells.

The _____ controls what enters and leaves the cell. mitochondrion golgi apparatus nucleus cell membrane

cell membrane

Which cellular organelle is required for photosynthesis in eukaryotic cells? nucleus chloroplast lysosome Golgi apparatus mitochondrion

chloroplast

The function of the chloroplast is to _____.

convert light energy to chemical energy

Cell organelles are located within the ____ of the cell. nucleus cytoplasm cell membrane lysosomes

cytoplasm

Which of the following are stored in the lysosomes of the cell?

digestive enzymes. (The lysosome is a sac of digestive enzymes.)

The organelle functions to package and deliver proteins: lysosome endoplasmic reticulum mitochondrion golgi apparatus

golgi apparatus

Mitochondria and chloroplasts are similar in that they both __________; they are different in that chloroplasts, but not mitochondria, __________. have an inner membrane and outer membrane ... carry out photosynthesis have many internal membranes that increase their internal surface area ... are found in plants have an internal arrangement of microtubules ... also have centrioles deal with energy transformations ... are found only in eukaryotes have a double membrane ... contain DNA

have an inner membrane and outer membrane ... carry out photosynthesis

Phospholipids __________.

have hydrophilic phosphate groups and hydrophobic fatty acid tails

Sara would like to film the movement of chromosomes during cell division. Her best choice for a microscope would be a __________. (see book section: The Microscopic World of Cells)

light microscope, because the specimen is alive

This organelle is responsible for destroying worn-out cell parts: lysosomes mitochondrion golgi apparatus ribosomes

lysosomes

This organelle functions in cellular respiration: lysosome endoplasmic reticulum mitochondrion golgi apparatus

mitochondrion

Which of the following would be found in a eukaryotic animal cell

mitochondrion

Located within the nucleus, it is responsible for producing ribosomes: centrosome nucleolus lysosome endoplasmic reticulum

nucleolus

A plant cell was grown in a test tube containing radioactive nucleotides, the parts from which DNA is built. Later examination of the cell showed the radioactivity to be concentrated in the __________. (

nucleus

Genetic material is contained within the ___ of the cell. ribosomes cytoplasm nucleus nucleolus

nucleus

Chloroplasts are found in __________. both plant cells and animal cells animal cells and bacterial cells but not in plant cells animal cells only neither plant cells nor animal cells plant cells

plant cells

What are the two main components of cell membranes?

proteins and lipids

Of the following organelles, which group is involved in manufacturing the substances needed by the cell? -vacuole, rough endoplasmic reticulum, smooth endoplasmic reticulum -smooth endoplasmic reticulum, ribosome, vacuole lysosome, vacuole, ribosome -rough endoplasmic reticulum, lysosome, vacuole -ribosome, rough endoplasmic reticulum, smooth endoplasmic reticulum

ribosome, rough endoplasmic reticulum, smooth endoplasmic reticulum (Each structure is capable of synthesis.)

The rough endoplasmic reticulum has ____ located on it. lysosomes cytosol ribosomes proteins

ribosomes

Which structure is directly responsible for the formation of proteins within the cell. lysosomes vacuoles centrioles ribosomes

ribosomes

A magnified picture of the detailed architecture of cell surfaces can best be obtained from a

scanning electron microscope

Most of the DNA in a eukaryotic cell is in _____.

the nucleus The nucleus contains most of the genes that control the eukaryotic cell.

To enter or leave a cell, substances must pass through _____.

the plasma membrane. (The plasma membrane defines the boundary of the cell.)

Which microscope would be best suited to the measurement of the internal structures of a bacterial cell?

transmission electron microscope. (Specimens are cut into extremely thin sections, which allows viewing of the components contained within the cell. The transmission electron microscope also has great resolving power, which allows the structures to be differentiated.)

The endoplasmic reticulum functions to: transport materials destroy old cell parts make ribosomes package proteins

transport materials

Which of the following correctly matches an organelle with its function? The _____ functions in _____.

vacuole ... storage

Which of the following clues would tell you whether a cell is prokaryotic or eukaryotic?

whether or not the cell is partitioned by internal membranes. (A rigid cell wall can be seen in prokaryotic cells and certain types of eukaryotic cells such as plants, fungi, and some protists. )