Chapter 1 - 9 Common Final 1

____ includes all the programs that allow you to perform specific tasks on your computer, such as writing a letter.

Application Software

____ that allow individuals to perform specific tasks are launched via the operating system, such as by using the Windows Start menu on Windows computers.

Apps

The ____ is the section of a CPU core that performs arithmetic involving integers and logical operations.

Arithmetic/logic unit (ALU)

____ are designed to be used with everyday objects, such as home appliances, gaming consoles, digital cameras, e-readers, digital photo frames, ATMs, toys, watches, GPS systems, home medical devices, voting terminals, and cars.

Embedded Operating Systems

To begin to use a computer, the user first turns on the power by pressing the power button, and then the computer displays a prompt for the user to decide the next course of action.

False

USB ports are used to connect a computer to a phone outlet via telephone connectors.

False

Using virtual memory is faster than just using RAM.

False

____ form images by spraying tiny drops of liquid ink onto the page, one printed line at a time.

Ink-jet Printers

____ occurs when data is entered into the computer.

Input

A ____ is approximately 1,000 bytes.

Kilobyte (KB)

Today's CPUs are formed using a process called ____ that imprints patterns on semiconductor materials.

Lithography

Partitions are sometimes referred to as ____.

Logical Drives

The proprietary operating system for Mac computers made by Apple Corporation was ____.

Mac OS

One factor affecting digital camera quality is the number of pixels, measured in ____, used to store the data for each image.

Megapixels

A ____ typically rests on the desk or other flat surface close to the user's computer, and it is moved across the surface with the user's hand in the appropriate direction to point to and select objects on the screen.

Mouse

Most Windows computers typically use ____, which supports much larger hard drives and files than the older FAT32 and includes better security and error-recovery capabilities.

NTFS

Plasma displays use a layered technology like LCD and ____ and look similar to LCD displays.

OLED

The ____ boots the computer, launches application software, and ensures that all actions requested by a user are valid and processed in an orderly fashion.

Operating System

Print speed is typically measured in ____.

Pages per Minute (PPM)

A ____ is the smallest colorable area on a display device.

Pixel

With bitmapped images, the color of each ____ is represented by bits; the more bits used, the better the image quality.

Pixel

____ are particularly useful for individuals who need to scan barcodes while on the go.

Portable Barcode Readers

The ____ orders data and instructions from cache or RAM based on the current task.

Prefetch Unit

A ____ is a large screen computer either built into a table or designed to be used on a table that allows multi-touch input from multiple users.

Table PC

In addition to a keyboard, most computers today are used in conjunction with some type of pointing device.

True

PHOLED technology is especially appropriate for use on mobile devices, consumer electronics, and other devices where power consumption is an important concern.

True

Pipelining increases the number of machine cycles completed per second.

True

Remote storage services accessed via the Internet are often referred to as cloud storage.

True

Small office networks enable workers to access company records stored on a network server.

True

Stand-alone utility programs are often available in a suite of related programs.

True

Storage devices can be internal (located inside the system unit), external (plugged into an external port on the system unit), or remote (located on another computer).

True

The binary numbering system uses only two symbols—the digits 0 and 1—to represent all possible numbers.

True

The number of bits being transmitted at one time is dependent on the bus width.

True

A ____ is loosely defined as a small device that has built-in computing or Internet capability.

mobile device

A variety of ____ and network adapters are available to communicate electronically because there are different types of Internet and network connections.

modems

Common input devices include the keyboard, ____, and integrated video cameras.

mouse

____ refers to guidelines for online behavior.

netiquette

There are a number of special Web pages, called ____, available to help you locate what you are looking for on the Internet.

search sites

____ is the most widely used mobile operating system in the United States.

Android

Like graphics data, ____—such as a song or the sound of someone speaking—must be in digital form in order to be stored on a storage medium or processed by a computer.

Audio Data

A ____ is an optical code that represents data with bars of varying widths or heights.

Barcode

____ are used to input data about a person so that the individual's identity can be verified based on a particular unique physiological characteristic.

Biometric Readers

A ____ is the smallest unit of data that a binary computer can recognize.

Bit

The number of bits used to store color information about each pixel is called ____.

Bit Depth

A ____ is an electronic path over which data can travel.

Bus

One measurement of the speed of a CPU is the ____, which is rated in megahertz (MHz) or gigahertz (GHz).

CPU clock speed

The ____ used to be the norm for desktop computers.

CRT Monitor (Cathode-ray tube)

A ____ is a place to store something temporarily.

Cache

Chrome OS is the first ____.

Cloud operating system

A ____ is a software program that is designed to cause damage to a computer or perform some other malicious act.

Computer Virus

In a printer, the number of ____ affects the quality of printed output.

DPI (Dots per Inch)

____ are illustrations of faces showing smiles, frowns, and other expressions that are created with keyboard symbols.

Emoticons

Display device size is measured diagonally from corner to corner as opposed to the way TV screens are measured.

False

Filename rules are the same in all operating systems.

False

In addition to hardware, software, data, and procedures, the fifth major component of a computer system are codes.

False

Most operating systems today use a text-based user interface.

False

Optical character recognition (OCR) is a technology used primarily by the banking industry to facilitate check processing.

False

Satellite communication (more commonly called s-com) is the process of exchanging electronic messages between individuals over a network—usually the Internet.

False

Anything (such as a program, letter, digital photograph, or song) stored on a storage medium is referred to as a(n) ____.

File

The file management program incorporated into recent versions of Windows is ____.

File Explorer

An important task that the operating system performs is ____, which keeps track of the files stored on a computer so that they can be retrieved when needed.

File Management

Filenames typically include a ____ at the end of the filename.

File extension

____ programs can protect against someone accessing your computer via the Internet or a wireless connection.

Firewall

____ consists of nonvolatile memory chips that can be used for storage by the computer or the user.

Flash Memory

Although both the user and the computer use drive letters, ____ names, and filenames to save and retrieve documents, they perceive them differently.

Folder

____ keys on a keyboard are used for issuing commands in some programs.

Function

The most common flat-panel technologies include liquid crystal display (LCD), various types of light emitting diode (LED), ____, and e-paper.

Gas Plasma

____ allow the user to issue commands by selecting icons, buttons, menu items, and other objects—typically with a mouse, pen, or finger.

Graphical User Interfaces

Application programs can help users write their own programs in a form the computer can understand using a programming language such as Visual Basic, COBOL, C++, Java, or ____.

Python

____ is a method of storing data on two or more hard drives that work together.

RAID (Redundant arrays of independent disks)

____ means that data can be retrieved directly from any location on the storage medium, in any order.

Random Access

CD-ROM discs and DVD-ROM discs are ____ optical discs that come prerecorded with commercial products.

Read-only

Often the storage device and storage medium are two separate pieces of hardware (that is, the storage medium is ____).

Removable

The ____ cards used with mobile phones today are a special type of smart card.

SIM

____ are utility programs that search for documents and other files on a user's hard drives.

Search Tools

The surface of a hard disk is organized into tracks and pie-shaped groups of ____.

Sectors

The types of ____ systems used with personal and business computers today include smart cards.

Storage

A ____ is a separate piece of hardware containing multiple high-speed hard drives.

Storage Server

A ____ is the hardware where data is actually stored.

Storage medium

External hard drives typically connect to a computer via an external port (such as a USB or ____ port) or a wireless connection.

Thunderbolt

A common RAID technique is disk mirroring, in which data is written to two duplicate drives simultaneously.

True

Automating the data entry process is referred to as source data automation.

True

Computer literacy is knowing about and understanding computers and their uses.

True

Each pixel in a monochrome graphic can be only one of two possible colors (such as black or white).

True

File compression programs reduce the size of files so they take up less storage space on a storage medium or can be transmitted faster over the Internet.

True

Users do not have to be concerned with how files are physically stored on a storage medium.

True

While the memory used for disk caching can be a designated portion of RAM, today's hard drives typically use a disk cache consisting of memory chips located on a circuit board inside the hard drive case.

True

To connect multiple USB devices to a single USB port, a ____ can be used.

USB Hub

The ____ allows 127 different devices to connect to a computer via a single USB port on the computer's system unit.

USB Standard

Ultraportables conforming to Intel's standards can be marketed as_______

Ultrabooks

System software is usually divided into two categories: operating systems and ____ programs.

Utility

____ memory allows you to use more memory than is physically available on your computer.

Virtual

One reason a computer might become inefficient is that when programs are uninstalled, pieces of the program are sometimes left behind or references to these programs are left in operating system files such as the ____.

Windows Registry

To navigate to a new Web page for which you know the URL, type that URL in the browser's ____ bar and press Enter.

address

The ____ allows a core to communicate with other CPU components, such as the memory controller and other cores.

bus interface unit

A ____ is a collection of computers and other devices that are connected in order to enable users to share hardware, software, and data, as well as to communicate electronically with each other.

computer network

Conventional personal computers that are designed to fit on or next to a desk are often referred to as ____.

desktop computers

To contact people using the Internet, you most often use their ____.

e-mail addresses

Video data—such as home movies, feature films, video clips, and television shows—is displayed using a collection of ____.

frames

Similar to the way an IP address or domain name uniquely identifies a computer on the Internet, a ____ uniquely identifies a specific Web page.

uniform resource locator (URL)