Chapter 1: A Framework for Maternal and Child Health Nursing

A nurse educator is conducting a class on intimate partner violence for a group of new graduate nurses during orientation. Which statement by the educator best reflects current practice regarding these problems in women's health?

"The nurse should screen for these problems at every client encounter." Explanation: Both child and intimate partner violence is increasing in incidence. Families are more mobile than in the past. Screening for child abuse (child maltreatment) or intimate partner violence should be included in all family contacts. Nurses must be aware of the legal responsibilities for reporting violence.

After completing an assessment, the nurse examines the information to develop a wellness diagnosis for the client to identify which potential goal?

The potential for improvement in health Explanation: Wellness diagnosis identifies the potential for a client to move from one level of wellness to a higher level. The identification of potential, acute, and chronic health problems is part of the diagnostic process.

A nurse is preparing to teach a class to high school students on the risks of teenage birth and the various methods of contraception. The nurse recognizes that enhanced provisions of sex education to adolescents have had a positive influence on which measurement in the past 10 years in the United States?

Birth rate Explanation: The birth rate in the United States has decreased gradually over the past 10 years due to additional counseling and publicity concerning the risks of teenage birth. Such counseling does not impact the other measures listed.

When integrating the principles of family-centered care into the birthing process, the nurse would base care upon which belief?

Birth results in changes in relationships. Explanation: Family-centered care is based on the following principles: Birth affects the entire family, and relationships will change; birth is viewed as a normal, healthy event in the life of the family; and families are capable of making decisions about their own care if given adequate information and professional support.

When providing family-centered care for a new mother and infant, which is the appropriate action by the nurse?

Encourage rooming-in to develop bonding. Explanation: The nurse should encourage rooming-in of the infant with the mother to develop bonding and provide physical and emotional care. This increases comfort level while nursing staff is available to monitor and provide guidance and assistance; it also promotes a healthy family unit.

A pregnant client refuses treatment for an infection based on cultural beliefs. Which action by the nurse would be appropriate?

Explain to the client why the treatment is important. Explanation: When clients refuse treatment, it is important to educate the client and family about the importance of the recommended treatment without coercing or trying to force the client to agree. Sometimes, common ground may be reached between the family's religious or cultural beliefs and the health care team's recommendations. Communication and education are the keys in these situations. Telling the woman she can be arrested is untrue and also threatening. Refusing to let the woman leave is false imprisonment.

The nurse is reviewing the nursing care plan on a pediatric client admitted to the hospital with a respiratory illness. Which goal is written correctly?

The client will have an oxygen saturation of greater than 95% on room air within 8 hours. Explanation: Goals must be specific, measurable, and have a time frame. The goal identified as "The client will have an oxygen saturation of greater than 95% on room air within 8 hours" includes both measurable, objective information (the oxygen saturation on room air and a time frame). It is client-centered and appropriate. The goals of "breathing better" and "better respiratory rate and oxygen saturation" are vague and do not have a measurable outcome. What is considered "better" is subjective and not measurable. Not having a time frame makes the goal inaccurate as well. The goal of the client walking a specific distance on room air would be a good goal if a date/time frame were included in the goal.

In 2007 the World Factbook published statistics that showed the United States still lagged behind other industrialized nations in the incidence of infant mortality. What is one reason that the United States has a higher infant mortality rate than other countries?

Low birth weight Explanation: Many factors may be associated with high infant mortality rates and poor health. Low birth weight and late or nonexistent prenatal care are the main factors in the poor rankings in infant mortality.

A mother of a child being cared for in a home setting makes the following statements. Which statement best illustrates one of the positive aspects of home health care?

"I can perform my child's care since you taught the procedure to me." Explanation: By using methods of feedback, questions and answers, and demonstrations when appropriate, the nurse is able to confirm that the client and family understand the information. This also gives the nurse the opportunity to reinforce any areas of weak information.

The nurse is working with the parents of an infant and a toddler in the clinical setting. What statement by the parent would alert the nurse to assess the children furthe

"We live in an old house, and we are planning to renovate it when the kids are older." Explanation: Older homes are at risk for having lead-based paint (usually those built before the mid to late 1970s) and lead pipes used in plumbing. The nurse would further assess for the children's exposure to lead pipes, paint, paint chips, lead dust, and soil containing lead dust and paint chips. Additionally, during a renovation, the children will be exposed to areas with lead paint and/or dust. The other options are appropriate and demonstrate information only and not a need to further assess.

Which of the following is a likely reason for a woman to have an unassisted birth?

A belief that unassisted birth will increase the ability to bond with and take responsibility for her child. Explanation: Women choose an unassisted birth for a number of reasons. Some think that birth is a normal function of the female body and so does not require medical interventions and that some medical interventions have the potential to cause more harm than good. Some believe that women can sense the natural flow of birth and so can recognize the optimal position or technique for birth if they are allowed to do this undisturbed. Some women see birth as a potentially orgasmic experience that will be experienced best with privacy. Some think that unassisted birth will increase the ability to bond with and take responsibility for her child. Lack of health insurance may make home birth without health care supervision an economic advantage. Freebirthing is potentially dangerous because if a complication of birth should occur, the woman may not recognize that the complication is occurring until damage to her child or herself results.

The nurse knows that the emancipated minor is considered to have the legal capacity of an adult and may make his or her own health care decisions. Which child would potentially be considered an emancipated minor?

A minor who is pregnant Explanation: Emancipation may be considered in any of the following situations, depending on the state's laws: membership in a branch of the armed services, marriage, court-determined emancipation, financial independence and living apart from parents, college attendance, pregnancy, mother younger than 18 years of age, and a runaway.

A nurse who specializes in maternal and child health care performs many varied functions in diverse settings over the course of a year. Which action would be outside the nurse's scope of practice?

Assist in the treatment and recovery of a woman with ovarian cancer. Explanation: The primary goal of both maternal and child health nursing can be stated simply as the promotion and maintenance of optimal family health to ensure cycles of optimal childbearing and childrearing. Assisting in the treatment and recovery of a woman with ovarian cancer is the least likely function of a nurse specializing in this type of nursing. Preconceptual care, care of a woman during her first trimester, and reading journal articles regarding breastfeeding are all within the scope of practice of maternal and child health nursing.

A healthy client without a primary care provider is exploring the options available for a health care provider to assist with her pregnancy. Which health care provider can the nurse point out as a best option?

Certified nurse midwife Explanation: A certified nurse midwife is a nurse with advanced practice training in the care of women, specific to pregnancy and birth. A women's health NP would not be able to deliver the infant. A CNS is an advanced practice role but not specific to the care of pregnancy women. The lay midwife has no formal education.

After discussing the various options with a pregnant client and partner, they have chosen to stay with their newborn and receive care from one nurse at the time of birth. This is referred to as which type of care?

Couplet care Explanation: Couplet care is care in which the mother and child remain in the same room after labor/delivery through the postpartum period. This has become the standard of care. Regionalized or centralized care places the treatment centers in centralized locations and transfers the patient to the facility. Maternal child care allows the mother to be the primary provider of care.

The nurse is functioning in the primary role to care for a 12-year-old boy with metastatic cancer in the liver. Which activity is typical of advocacy?

Educating the family about choices they have Explanation: Educating the family about choices they have regarding therapies for the cancer in the child's liver is an example of advocacy, in which the nurse advances the interests of the child and family by informing them of options and assisting them to make informed decisions. Telling parents about proper home care, clinical guidelines, and the types of cancers are all done in the primary role of educator.

Morbidity rates among children are most highly associated with which cause?

Environmental factors Explanation: The factors most commonly associated with child morbidity are environmental and socioeconomic problems. The more difficult the societal issues and the more marked the environmental poverty, the higher the illness rates and childhood morbidity. Firearms, violence in schools, homicide, and suicide are all factors in morbidity, but they are not strictly related to children.

The nurse is caring for a 14-year-old girl with multiple health problems. Which activity would best reflect evidence-based practice by the nurse?

Following blood pressure monitoring recommendations Explanation: Using hospital protocol for ordering a diagnostic test, determining how often the vital signs are monitored, and deciding the medication dose ordered would be the health care provider's responsibility. However, following blood pressure monitoring recommendations would be part of evidence-based practice reflected in the nursing care delivered.

The nurse is teaching a client about lifestyle changes that could help the client reach a higher level of wellness. The nurse is engaged in which aspect of care?

Health promotion Explanation: By encouraging healthy lifestyle changes, the nurse is engaging in health promotion activities. Health promotion involves helping people make lifestyle changes to move them to higher levels of wellness. Health promotion includes all aspects of health: physical, mental, emotional, social, and spiritual. Although health promotion can help to contain costs over a longer span, this is not what the nurse is doing. Healthy lifestyle changes are not part of infection prevention or illness treatment.

Which nursing intervention would best demonstrate evidence-based practice in maternal-child health care?

Family-centered pediatric care Explanation: Evidence-based practice has become the standard that nurses are to strive for in caring for their clients. By involving the family in caring for ill children, the child and the family are better served and have improved outcomes. Parental interaction is encouraged for preterm infants to foster bonding. Children and adults need to be separated on inpatient units to ensure that the caregivers have a clear understanding of each client's needs, since children are not small adults. Centralized care has proved to be most beneficial to client outcomes by providing resources and specialists in one location.

A nursing student is preparing a presentation illustrating the Human Genome Project. Which function will the student point out as being the primary focus?

Identification of human genes and functions Explanation: The Human Genome Project was founded in 1990 and its primary purpose was to identify and label all human genes and their functions. Information from the HGP may eventually be used in genetic testing, the detection of mutations or variations in children, and gene therapy.

A young female client is pregnant for the first time and is uncertain who to seek prenatal care from. The nurse should point out which health care provider as the likely choice?

Obstetrician Explanation: The obstetrician is the common choice for prenatal care through labor and delivery. Perinatologists may care for women who have a high-risk pregnancy, and neonatologists provide care to infants. Family practitioner physicians may provide care but are less likely to attend in labor and delivery.

A nurse witnesses a peer tell a client, "You are a mother now and you have to do what is best for you baby. You have to breastfeed her!" Which is the best action by the nurse?

Pull the nurse aside and inquire as to the content of the conversation. Explanation: The nurse overheard just a small portion of the conversation between the client and the peer nurse. The best action would be to inquire as to the content of the conversation and then determine if the peer nurse's comments were appropriate. If the comments were inappropriate, the nurse would then need to fill out an incident report.

When integrating the principles of family-centered care, the nurse would include which concept?

People have taken increased responsibility for their own health. Explanation: Due to the influence of managed care, the focus on prevention, better education, and technological advances, people have taken increased responsibility for their own health. Parents now want information about their child's illness, to participate in making decisions about treatment, and to accompany their children to all health care situations.

A nurse is investigating an outbreak of syphilis at the local college. Which is the appropriate first action by the nurse to reduce further spread of the infection?

Provide free condoms and educational materials. Explanation: The most appropriate action for the nurse to take is to reduce the further spread of the infection by providing safer sex options and education to the population. The nurse can then further assess if others have been infected by conducting ongoing screening and interviews as well as building a timeline of the origin.

A client learns she is 6 weeks' pregnant and asks the nurse for the name of the local abortion clinic. What is the most appropriate response by the nurse?

Provide the client with the requested information. Explanation: The nurse should provide information to the client regardless of his or her own personal views.

The nurse is caring for a pregnant client in a prenatal clinic who states, "I want to view this labor and delivery as a natural process....not like an illness." How will the nurse respond?

Refer the client to a midwife in preparation for a birth in a birthing center. Explanation: The nurse recognizes the client is seeking a birth with little intervention. This client would benefit from a consultation with a midwife in preparation for a home birth or in a birthing center birth. An obstetrician would be beneficial for a woman seeking specialized care with more interventions, not less. A tour of the local hospital would be beneficial if the woman was planning a hospital birth with interventions traditionally available at a hospital. Pain control during labor is considered an intervention and would not benefit a woman wanting limited intervention.

While preparing to teach a group of nursing students the history of maternity care, which factor will the instructor include to explain as the etiology of most infections in females after birthing in the 1700s?

Reproductive tract infection Explanation: Prior to the germ theory, women most often died of puerperal fever, an illness marked by high fever caused by infection of the reproductive tract after delivering infants. Women who delivered in hospitals were more likely to develop this infection than women who delivered at home. Breast infections occurred during breast feeding but were not usually fatal. There was no greater incidence of kidney or urinary tract infections.

A nurse is conducting a teaching session on sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) for expectant parents. Which information should the nurse include? Select all that apply.

Sharing a room allows for monitoring of the infant. Place the infant on his or her back to sleep. Maintain neutral temperatures and avoid overheating. Explanation: Sharing of a room allows for monitoring and bonding of the infant as well as ease of feeding. Placing the infant on his or her back to sleep is the recommended sleeping position for all infants until 12 months of age, or until they can change their own position during sleep. Infants are not able to regulate their temperature; therefore, overheating can increase their risk for SIDS. Co-bedding increases the risk for accidental suffocation, and allowing an infant to sleep with a bottle increases risk for aspiration and infection.

To decrease childhood mortality, pediatric nurses need to consistently engage in what activity throughout all age groups?

Teach injury prevention and proper safety practices. Explanation: The leading cause of death throughout childhood is unintentional injury.

Infant mortality rates are a good index of general health. Which of the following statements is true regarding a comparison of infant mortality rates of the United States to those of 30 countries with the lowest infant mortality rates?

The United States has a higher rate of infant mortality. Explanation: The United States has an infant mortality rate of 6.5 deaths per 1,000 live births. This mortality rate places the United States at number 30 for the lowest infant mortality, which means that 29 other countries have a lower rate.

The nurse is admitting a client to the emergency clinic and notes that the client's gender expression is different than the gender noted in the driver's license and insurance documentation. What is the nurse's best response?

The nurse should communicate with the client based on the client's preferred pronoun. Explanation: The nurse should take care to refer to the client by the client's preferred pronoun. The gender indicated in a person's insurance coverage documentation and other legal documents may be discordant with the person's gender identity, and many electronic health records do not allow space for gender identity as opposed to natal sex, making correctly addressing the client more challenging. Building a trusting relationship with all clients is a critical step. It is unnecessary to clarify the conflict between the driver's license and appearance at this time, as this will only cause distrust and emotional harm to the client. Avoiding using gender specific pronouns is a form of avoidance and can also cause distrust and emotional harm.

A nurse has just learned that the hospital where the nurse is employed has been named a magnet hospital by the American Nurses Credentialing Center. Which characteristic would the nurse most likely identify as meeting the criteria for this status? Select all that apply.

There is a high level of nursing job satisfaction. Nurses are involved in data collection and decision-making about client care. All nurse managers and leaders have either a BSN or MSN. There is a low staff nurse turnover rate. Explanation: Magnet hospitals typically demonstrate a high level of nursing job satisfaction and a low staff nurse turnover rate, and they have policies in place that include nurses in data collection and decision-making about client care. These hospitals demonstrate they value staff nurses, involve them in research-based practice, and encourage and reward them for obtaining additional degrees in nursing. All nurse managers and nurse leaders in magnet designated hospitals must have either a BSN or MSN. A hospital's profitability is not necessarily related to magnet status, and a client mortality rate of nearly zero is not likely.

A young couple are very excited to learn they are expecting their first child and question the nurse about which test they need to discover its gender. Which procedure will best provide this information to the couple?

Ultrasound Explanation: Ultrasound is a visual method for assessing the fetus in the uterus and will provide information about the gender. Amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling provide the entire genetic code of the fetus. HGP refers to the Human Genome Project, which can provide information regarding gene mutations and variations.

The nurse completes a focused assessment on a client complaining of migraine headaches. Which items identified during the assessment would the nurse recommend the client change in an attempt to decrease the incidence of migraine headaches?

Uses an oral contraceptive pill (OCP) Drinks 3-4 glasses of wine in the evening Consumes large quantities of aged cheeses and salty foods Explanation: Triggers of migraine headaches include using a combined oral contraceptive pill, consuming large quantities of aged cheeses and salty foods, drinking alcohol, strenuous exercise, and unpredictable sleep patterns.

A 15-year-old client has just given birth and states that she does not want her infant to receive any newborn vaccines. What is the appropriate action for the nurse to take?

Withhold the vaccines. Explanation: The client would frequently be considered emancipated and therefore legally able to make legal decisions regarding the health care of the infant. The nurse should withhold the vaccines but inquire as to the reason for no vaccination.

A nurse is providing care to several clients at the clinic. The nurse would obtain legal consent for care from the parent or legal guardian for which client?

a 15-year-old adolescent who is a high school student Explanation: Generally, only people over the age of majority (18 years old) can legally provide consent for health care except in the case of an emancipated minor and of a person who is no longer subject to parental control, (e.g., one who marries). Therefore, the 15-year-old adolescent would require parental consent for treatment.

A nurse is conducting a presentation for a group of pregnant women about appropriate health promotion strategies to address issues related to infant mortality. Which strategy would the nurse encourage to reduce the infant's risk for infection after birth?

breastfeeding Explanation: After birth, other health promotion strategies can significantly improve an infant's health and chances of survival. Breastfeeding has been shown to reduce rates of infection in infants and to improve long-term health. Emphasizing the importance of placing an infant on his or her back to sleep will reduce the incidence of SIDS. Newborn development support groups will help provide education about normal child development and child rearing. Folic acid supplementation is used during pregnancy to prevent neural tube defects.

A nurse is analyzing a journal article presenting statistics concerning newborn and infant health. Which condition has been determined to be the most likely cause of infant mortality in the United States?

congenital abnormalities Explanation: The main causes of early infant death in the United States include problems occurring at birth or shortly thereafter such as prematurity, low birth weight, congenital and chromosomal anomalies, sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), respiratory distress syndrome, unintentional injuries, bacterial sepsis, and necrotizing enterocolitis. Increased birth weight, breech presentation, and shoulder dystocia are not recognized as potential causes.

The nurse is providing education to the parents of a school-aged child. Which information would the nurse include in the teaching plan?

discussion of the importance of proper use and fit of a helmet for bike riding Explanation: The school-aged child is involved in many outside activities, including bike riding. Safety discussions should include the need for wearing a helmet when bike riding as well as the proper fit. Distracted driving and sexually transmitted infections would be appropriate for the adolescent client. Gates on the stairs would be appropriate for the infant and toddler age groups.

The nurse works at the local public health office. Which is a major but often overlooked problem in this setting?

fetal mortality Explanation: Fetal mortality is a major, but often overlooked, public health problem. This refers to the spontaneous intrauterine death at any time during pregnancy, commonly referred to as a miscarriage. The fetal mortality rate in the United States is 6.2 per 1,000 live births. The impact of fetal mortality on families is considerable and provides a picture of the quality of maternal health and prenatal care.

The nurse is organizing health information to teach a client basic principles that will help maintain wellness in the family. Which actions should the nurse prioritize in this teaching?

encouraging yearly checkups for all clients. Explanation: The current movement in health care is to focus on health promotion and thereby prevent future illness and diseases. Encouraging yearly checkups would assist with finding problems before they become serious. Prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation are all processes of care. Teaching a client how to give injections, administer medication, or understand a treatment would occur after a specific health issue but not prevent these issues from occurring.

In order to advocate for children and families, the nurse must first acknowledge that the basic system in which health behavior and care are organized, secured, and performed is the:

family. Explanation: The family is the basic system in which health behavior and care are organized, secured, and performed. In most families, the parents or guardians, as advocates for their child, provide health promotion and health prevention care, as well as primary management of care when the child is sick. Parents and guardians have the prime responsibility for initiating and coordinating services rendered by health professionals.

A nurse is teaching women the importance of good nutrition and taking prenatal vitamins if they are planning pregnancy. Which measure is the nurse performing?

health promotion Explanation: Health promotion means educating clients to be aware of good health through teaching and role modeling. Health maintenance means intervening to maintain health when risk of illness is present. Health restoration is promptly diagnosing and treating illness using interventions that will return clients to wellness most rapidly. Health rehabilitation means preventing further complications from an illness, bringing an ill client back to an optimal state of wellness, or helping a client to accept inevitable death.

A nurse is working in a community designated as having low fertility rates. Which would be an appropriate first-level investigation by the nurse?

local dietary habits Explanation: Fertility rates are affected by poor nutrition, which can make conceiving difficult. The nurse should assess the local dietary habits of the community to understand if there is a lack of nutritional resources available to the community.

A nurse is speaking with a client who has just learned that she is pregnant with her first child. The nurse reads in the client's chart that she does not drink alcohol on a regular basis. However, the nurse decides to go ahead and warn the client about the dangers of drinking alcohol while pregnant. Which phase of health care would this action be classified as?

health promotion Explanation: This action is an example of health promotion, which may be defined as educating parents and children to follow sound health practices through teaching and role modeling. Health maintenance is intervening to maintain health when risk for illness is present. Health restoration is using conscientious assessment to be certain symptoms of illness are identified and interventions are begun to return the client to wellness most rapidly. Health rehabilitation is helping prevent complications from illness, helping a client with residual effects achieve an optimal state of wellness and independence, and helping a client to accept inevitable death.

An expectant mother has arranged for her massage therapist to provide gentle hand, arm, and neck massage for the client while she is in labor in the hospital. Which trend in today's health care environment is most related to this arrangement?

increasing use of alternative treatment modalities Explanation: There is a growing tendency for families to use alternative forms of therapy, such as acupuncture or therapeutic touch, in addition to (or instead of) traditional health care measures. Nurses have an increasing obligation to be aware of complementary or alternative therapies such as these as they have the potential to either enhance or detract from the effectiveness of traditional therapy. The other answers do not pertain to the arrangement the client has made to have her massage therapist present at her labor.

The nurse is reviewing the chart of a pediatric client (above). What data support a high risk for infant mortality?

maternal factors Explanation: Infant mortality rates are affected by many factors, including several from the maternal aspect. Maternal HIV infection would put the infant at risk for mortality. The birth weight for this infant is average, and the infant is gaining weight as planned/expected, so nutrition is adequate, and weight does not support risk for infant mortality. A maternal age of less than 18 years or more than 40 years would put the infant at risk, as would lack of early or nonexistent prenatal care. Obtaining prenatal care at 10 weeks' gestation is a positive outcome. This mother is 38 years of age.

A nurse writes the following on a child's electronic medical record: "The child will state the signs and symptoms that indicate an exacerbation of asthma." The nurse is involved in which component of the nursing process?

outcome identification Explanation: The statement reflects an outcome. An outcome (goal) is client-focused (specific), stated in measurable terms, attainable, realistic, and includes a time frame in which the outcome should be accomplished. Writing outcomes is part of the outcome identification component of the nursing process. Assessment involves data collection. Implementation is the process of putting the nursing care plan into action. Evaluation measures if the nursing plan of care was successful or not.

Statistics show that more than 44 million people in the United States do not have health insurance. What percentage of this population are children?

25 percent Explanation: Of the 44 million people without insurance, 11 million, or 25% are children.

Which of the following age groups has the lowest mortality rate?

5 to 14 years Explanation: Children in the prepubescent period (aged 5-14 years) have the lowest mortality rate of any child age group.

The nurse is reviewing the medical records of several infants. Which infant is at highest risk for death according to the infant mortality rate in the United States?

An infant born at a low birth weight Explanation: Infant mortality in the United States is associated with low birth weight, prematurity, and congenital abnormalities, among other concerns. An infant born to young or older parents, or at 38 weeks' gestation, would not be considered low birth weight or premature nor considered to be at higher risk for congenital abnormalities.

The nurse is providing care to a woman who has just given birth to a healthy term neonate. The woman's partner arrives and asks about the neonate's status. Which action by the nurse would be appropriate?

Check the medical record for written client approval with whom to share information. Explanation: In maternal and newborn health care, information is shared only with the client, legal partner, parents, legal guardians, or individuals as established in writing by the client or the child's parents. This law promotes the security and privacy of health care and health information for all clients. Therefore, the nurse needs to check the medical record for written documentation that allows the partner to have this information. Any other action would be inappropriate.

The pediatric nurse operates according to the standards of professional performance according to the American Nurses Association (ANA) Scope and Standards of Pediatric Nursing Practice. Which behaviors accurately reflect these standards? Select all that apply.

The pediatric nurse uses research findings in practice and participates in the generation of new knowledge. The pediatric nurse's decisions and actions in all areas of practice are determined in an ethical manner. The pediatric nurse collaborates with the child, family, and physician in providing care for the child. Explanation: According to the ANA Scope and Standards of Pediatric Nursing Practice, the pediatric nurse uses research findings in practice and participates in the generation of new knowledge; considers factors related to safety, effectiveness, cost in planning and delivering care, and the impact on practice; and is an advocate for the child and family. The pediatric nurse's decisions and actions in all areas of practice are determined in an ethical manner. The pediatric nurse collaborates with the child, family, and physician in providing care for the child, and systematically improves the quality and effectiveness of pediatric nursing practice.

The nurse is educating a group of parents about child safety practices in a health promotion class. The nurse chooses to focus on this topic because the leading cause of death in children is:

unintentional (accidental) injuries. Explanation: In all age groups, the leading cause of death in children in the United States is unintentional (accidental) injuries.