Chapter 1 - Ancient Times

Gunpowder

Mixed charcoal, sulfur, and potassium nitrate, but instead of creating an elixir of life, they accidentally invented a black powder that could actually generate large amounts of heat and gas in an instant.

Ink

Must withstand the elements of nature since it was used to record history, culture, and codified laws.

Roman Numerals

A number system that addressed the need for a standard counting method that would meet their increasing communication and trade concerns.

Hieroglyphics

A system of writing using symbols. It is the language that tells the modern world of the history and culture of the ancient Egyptians.

Navigation

Allowed them to return home after they discovered new places or completed an important trade with another group of people.

Record-keeping

Also important since they needed to remember the places that they had been to and document the trades they made with each other.

Navigation

Assisted them in their journeys to unfamiliar and strange areas in the world

Julius Caesar

Bound books or Codex

Chinese Civilization

Considered to be the oldest civilization in asia. It is also known as the middle kingdom, located on the far east of asia.

Kohl

Egyptians wore this around the eyes to prevent and even cure eye diseases. It is created by mixing soot or malachite with mineral galena.

Babylonian Civilization

Emerged near the tigris and euphrates rivers.

Cosmetics

Function was both health and aesthetic reasons.

Babylonian King Nebuchadnezzar II

He built the gardens for his wife, Queen Amytis.

Tea

It is a beverage produced by pouring hot or boiling water over crushed or shredded dried tea leaves.

Uruk City

It is a great wonder not only because it is considered to be the first true city in the world but also for the way it is erected.

Greece

It is an archipelago in the southeastern part of Europe. It is also known as the birthplace of western philosophy.

Great wall of China

It is once considered the only man-made structure that could be seen from outer space and is said to be the largest and most extensive infrastructure that the nation built.

Silk

It is processed to produce paper and clothing. It opened China to the outside world, making way for cultural, economic, and scientific exchanges.

Cuneiform

It is the first writing system that utilizes word pictures and triangular symbols which are carved on clay using wedge instriments and then left dry. It allowed the Sumerians to keep records of things with great historical value or their everyday life.

Establish their Identities

It was also vital to keep records of their history and culture so they could _______________ as they tried to relate with other cultures and civilizations.

Gazettes

It was considered as the first newspaper. It contained announcements of the roman empire to the people.

The Plow

It was invented to dig the earth in a faster pace. With this tool, farmers could cultivate larger parcels of land faster, enabling them to mass produce food without taking so much effort and time.

Hanging Gardens of Babylon

It was said to be a structure made up of layers upon layers of gardens that contained several species of plants, trees, and vines.

Wig

It was worn for health and wellness rather than for aesthetic purposes. It was used to protect the shaved heads of the wealthy egyptians from the harmful rays of the sun.

Sumerians

Known for their high degree of cooperation with one another and their desire for great things. They are not contented with the basic things that life can offer. This desire pushed them to develop many things connected with science and technology.

Sumeria

Located an the southermost til of ancient mesopotamia

Wheel

Mass production was made easier with the help of it. Farmers were able to mill grains with less effort in less time.

Roman Architecture

One of the most visual contributions of the ancient Roman Empire to the world. It was considered a continuation of Greek architecture, hence, the resemblance

Ancient Times

People were concerned with transportation and navigation, communication and record-keeping, mass production,security and protection, as well as health, aesthetics, and architecture.

Conservation of Life

Primary challenge they faced

Alarm Clock

Purpose is to tell an individual when to stop or when to start. The ancient greeks used large complicated mechanisms to time the alarm.

Great Ziggurat of Ur

Served as the sacred place of their chief god, where only their priests were allowed to enter.

Elabirate architectural designs

Signs of technological advancement of a particular civilization.

Engineering

The development in this field allowed humans to build structures that would address their specific needs and wants.

Architecture

The development of engineering also ushered in the introduction of?

Science and Technology

They make difficult and complicated tasks easier and allow people to do more with so little effort and time.

Watermill

They were commonly used in agricultural processes like milling of grains which was a necessary form of food processing during that time.

Water Clock/Clepsydra

This device utilizes gravity that affects the flow of water from one vessel to the other.

Papyrus

Was a plant that grew abundantly along the Nile River in Egypt

Beauty

Was a sign of holiness

Great Ziggurat of Ur

Was also called the mountain of god. It was huilt in the same manner that they constructed the City of Uruk.

Communication

Was essential in their endeavors to discover and occupy new places, facilitate trade and prevent possible conflicts.

Roman Empire

Was perceived to be the strongest political and social entity in the west. It was considered to be the cradle of politics and governance during that period.

Transportation

Was significant during that time because people were trying to go places and discover new horizons

Water clock

Was widely used as a timekeeping device during the ancient time.

Sailboats

Were essential in transportation and trading as well as in fostering culture, information, and technology.

Babylonians

Were grate builders, engineers, and architects.

Weapons and Armors

Were important as well in the discovery of new places or the establishment of new alliances with other tribes. It was considered a major achievement for security and protection.

Sumerians, Babylonians, and Egyptians

What are the early civilizations?

Mud or Clay mixed with Reeds producing sun baked bricks.

What material did the Sumerians used for the consyruction of the City of Uruk?

Roads

With this work, the flow of traffic became faster and more organized. It was very useful especially during the rainy season when travelling in soft and muddy roads proved to be too difficult.

Architecture

Would be considered a status symbol among nations of how advanced their technology is. It may also establish the identity of a nation.