Chapter 1

3D graphics are based on vectors stored as a set of instructions describing the coordinates for lines and shapes in a three-dimensional space. What do these vectors form?

A wireframe

__ is the number of bits that are processed during a specific unit of time, usually during one second.

Bit rate

________ is the number of bits that is processed during a specific unit of time, usually during one second.

Bit rate

Which of the following is NOT a format that is used for digital audio? Mp3, Ogg, WAV, DOC

DOC

___is music, speech, and other sounds represented in binary format for use in digital devices.

Digital audio

Both scanners and digital cameras produce vector graphics

False

Lossy compression provides a way to compress data and reconstitute it into its original state.

False

MIDI files are less compact than digital audio files.

False

TIFF, PNG, and GIF graphics formats offer lossy compression

False

The binary number system has only two digits: 1 and 2

False

Data becomes___when it is presented in a format that people can understand and use.

Information

___ compression can be applied to each frame of a video using the same technique as compressing a still image.

Intraframe

___specifies a standard way to store music data for synthesizers and computers.

MIDI

Binary? Numberic? Text? Digital? __ data consists of numbers that can be used in arithmetic operations.

Numeric

An undesirable jagged appearance is referred to as___

Pixilation

Today's color display devices represent color using the ______ color model.

RGB

Which of the following is the technique for adding light and shadows to a 3D image?

Ray tracing

__ enables people to control software with spoken commands, as well as dictate text into a word processing document.

Speech recognition

___is the process by which machines produce sound that resembles spoken words.

Speech synthesis

Bitmap graphics are resolution dependent because each element is a discrete pixel.

True

Digital photographs are stored as bitmap files.

True

Digital video uses bits to store color and brightness data for each video frame

True

In digital video, a lower resolution reduces the bit rate.

True

Instead of storing the color value for each pixel, a vector graphics file contains instructions that a computer uses to create the shape, size, position, and color for each object in an image.

True

A(n)___ is a graphic image composed of two images, one that is tinted red and the other that is tinted blue. When viewed together these images produce a stereoscopic effect.

anaglyph

Transmission speeds are expressed in _______, whereas storage space is expressed in _______

bits, bytes

A group of eight bits is called a _______.

byte

Bit rate can be scaled down by reducing the resolution and applying__techniques.

compression

Image__ refers to any technique that recodes the data in an image file so that it contains fewer bits,

compression

Video files are stored in ___ formats that hold the compressed video stream and an audio stream.

container

The number of colors available in a graphic is referred to as color ______

depth

The process of converting information, such as text, numbers, photos, or music, into digital data that can be manipulated by electronic devices is called ___________.

digitization

Image editors provide an image ___ that can be used to adjust the brightness values for various ranges of dark, mid-range, or light pixels.

histogram

A vector graphic can be converted into a bitmap graphic through a process called

rasterizing

The process of covering a wireframe with surface color and texture is called

rendering

To digitally record sound, ___of a sound wave are collected at periodic intervals and stored as numeric data in an audio file.

sample

ASCII requires __________ bits for each character

seven

When you change the size of a(n) __ graphic, the objects change proportionally and maintain their smooth edges,

vector