Chapter 1

A nurse is preparing for a presentation on parenting at a local school. Which information would the nurse include when describing the results of an authoritarian parent? Select all that apply. A. The child will have lower self-esteem. B. The child will have increased feeling of security. C. Children will have higher achievements. D. An increase in aggression may be a result. E. The child will have increased social skills. F. There is a greater childhood happiness.

a, d

A public health nurse is developing programs to educate parents on infant mortality. Which complications would the nurse include in the education? Select all that apply. A. Tricuspid atresia B. 39-week gestation birth C. 3,6 kg birth weight D. Anencephalus E. Spina bifida

a, d, e

A preschool child is scheduled to undergo a diagnostic test. Which action by the nurse would violate a child's bill of health care rights? A. Arranging for her mother to be with her B. Telling the child the test will not hurt C. Assuring the child that the test will be done quickly D. Introducing the child to the lab technicians

b

A public health nurse visits the home of a young toddler. What aspect of the home environment would the nurse expect to address with the parents? A. The presence of power cords plugged into capped outlets B. Cartoons playing on a television in the child's room C. The family dog is present in the house during the visit D. The presence of pots on the stove with handles pointing toward back

b

Parents who recently experienced the death of their unborn child ask the nurse, "What is a fetal death?" What is the nurse's best response? A. "Fetal deaths occur later in pregnancy after 20 weeks' gestation." B. "It refers to the intrauterine fetal death at any time during pregnancy." C. "Fetal deaths occur earlier in pregnancy before 20 weeks' gestation." D. "Fetal death occurs only at the birth of the newborn."

b

The nurse is functioning in the primary role to care for a 12-year-old boy with metastatic cancer in the liver. Which activity is typical of advocacy? A. Instructing parents about proper home care B. Educating the family about choices they have C. Telling parents about clinical guidelines D. Teaching the family about types of cancers

b

The nurse is working with a group of community health members to develop a plan to address the special health needs of women. The group would design educational programs to address which priority condition? A. Smoking B. Heart disease C. Diabetes D. Cancer

b

The nurse is caring for a 12-year-old child hospitalized for internal injuries following a motor vehicle accident. For which medical treatment would the nurse ensure that an informed consent is completed beyond the one signed at admission? A. Diagnostic imaging B. Cardiac monitoring C. Blood testing D. Spinal tap

d

The nurse working in a maternity clinic suspects that a client and her children are in a violent relationship. While waiting for test results, the nurse decides to teach the client about intimate partner violence. What would be the best rationale for the nurse's decision? A. The nurse knows that the woman may be weak and controlled by her partner. B. The nurse has a legal responsibility to protect clients. C. The nurse understands there is an ethical responsibility to protect clients. D. The nurse knows that children exposed to family violence are likely to be victims of abuse.

d

Which aspect of client wellness has not been a focus of health during the 21st century ? A. Disease prevention B. Health promotion C. Wellness D. Analysis of morbidity and mortality

d

A nurse is preparing a class discussion on cardiovascular disease in women. When discussing the priority risk factors for this disease, which would the nurse least likely include? Select all that apply. A. Menopause B. Diabetes diagnosis C. Weight cycling D. Gender E. Age

d, e

The nurse is caring for a 14-year-old boy with a growth hormone deficiency. Which action best reflects using the nursing process to provide quality care to children and their families? A. Reviewing the effectiveness of interventions B. Questioning the facility standards for care C. Earning continuing education credits D. Ensuring reasonable costs for care provided

a

The nurse is caring for a 14-year-old girl with multiple health problems. Which activity would best reflect evidence-based practice by the nurse? A. Following blood pressure monitoring recommendations B. Determining how often the vital signs are monitored C. Using hospital protocol for ordering diagnostic tests D. Deciding the prescribed medication dose

a

The nurse is caring for a 2-week-old girl with a metabolic disorder. Which activity would deviate from the characteristics of family-centered care? A. Softening unpleasant information or prognoses B. Evaluating and changing the nursing plan of care C. Collaborating with the child and family as equals D. Showing respect for the family's beliefs and wishes

a

When assessing a family for barriers to health care, the nurse documents the psychosocial barriers. What is an example of this type of health care deficit? A. Academic difficulties B. Respiratory illness C. Poor sanitation D. Inherited diseases

a

A nurse is conducting an orientation program for a group of newly hired nurses. As part of the program, the nurse is reviewing the issue of informed consent. The nurse determines that the teaching was effective when the group identifies which situation as a violation of informed consent? A. Performing a procedure on a 15-year-old without parental consent B. Serving as a witness to the signature process on an operative permit C. Asking whether the client understands what she is signing following receiving education D. Getting verbal consent over the phone for an emergency procedure from the spouse of a unconscious woman

a

A nurse is preparing a breast cancer presentation for a health forum. Which fact would the nurse expect to address in this presentation? A. Breast cancer is more advanced in Black women when found. B. Black women have the BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene. C. More Hispanic women smoke, which increases their risk. D. White women respond better to breast cancer treatment.

a

A pregnant woman is to undergo an invasive procedure to evaluate the status of her fetus. To ensure informed consent, which action would be the priority responsibility of the nurse providing care to this woman? A. Asking relevant questions to determine the client's understanding B. Providing a detailed description of the risks and benefits of the procedure C. Explaining the exact steps that will occur during the procedure D. Offering suggestions for alternative options for treatment

a

The family is the basic unit of society. Which statement correctly illustrates the importance of this concept related to how society functions? A. Healthy, well-functioning families provide members of all ages with fulfilling, supporting relationships. B. The family serves as a place that encourages members to autonomously function in pursuit of personal pleasures. C. Society functions best when families determine how they will interface with others without having to deal with the overall consequences. D. Work is an important part of family function but is not necessary for success if one member can fulfill multiple roles.

a

Which statement made by a nursing student would best indicate that her education on family-centered care was fully understood? A. "Childbirth affects the entire family, and relationships will change." B. "Families are usually not capable of making health care decisions for themselves, especially in stressful situations." C. "Mothers are the only family member affected by childbirth." D. "Since childbirth is a medical procedure, it may affect everyone."

a

A nurse is preparing for a health promotion presentation for new mothers. Which topics would be appropriate for the nurse to include in the presentation? Select all that apply. A. Breastfeeding encouragement B. Proper infant sleep position C. Infants in smoke-free environments D. How to swaddle their infants E. How to bed share with their infants

a, b, c

A perinatal nurse is interviewing a group a women in the community about health care services. Assessment of these services reveals that many of them are being underutilized. Which statement from the women would assist the nurse in identifying potential reasons for this underutilization? Select all that apply. A. "The services are hard to get to by public transportation." B. "The clinic is only open during the morning hours." C. "The staff seems to look down on us when we do come in." D. "There are staff there that can speak our language." E. "You need insurance to go to the clinic."

a, b, c, e

A nursing group is examining their hospital's maternal outcomes for the previous 5 years. Which identified factors have contributed to the decline in the maternal mortality rate? Select all that apply. A. Increased participation of women in prenatal care B. Use of ultrasound to detect disorders C. Increased use of anesthesia with birth D. Closer monitoring for complications associated with hypertension of pregnancy E. Better management of hemorrhage and infection

a, b, d, e

A nurse is making a presentation at a parenting class dealing with divorce. A participant asks the nurse, "How should a parent handle telling the children about a divorce?" Which statements are the most helpful? Select all that apply. A. "Tell your children about the divorce and the reasons for it." B. "Reassure your children that the divorce is not their fault." C. "Make sure your children are aware of the potential financial issues." D. "Let them know they can decide how the future family will look." E. "Inform them in advance of someone moving out of the family home." F. "Routines, rules, and discipline can be minimized until a later time."

a, b, e

A client asks the nurse about her potential risk factors for breast cancer. Which risks would be important for the nurse to include in the response? Select all that apply. A. Oral contraceptive use B. Age when children were born C. Irregularities in menstruation D. Smoking E. Obesity

a, c, e

The nurse is reviewing a copy of the U.S. Surgeon General's Report, Healthy People 2020. Which nursing action best reflects the nurse fostering this health care agenda? A. The nurse signs up for classes to obtain an advanced degree in nursing. B. The nurse volunteers at a local health care clinic providing free vaccinations for low-income populations. C. The nurse performs an in-service on basic hospital equipment for student nurses. D. The nurse compiles nursing articles on evidence-based practices in nursing to present at a hospital training seminar.

b

The nurse knows that the emancipated minor is considered to have the legal capacity of an adult and may make his or her own health care decisions. Which child would potentially be considered an emancipated minor? A. A minor with financial independence who is living with his parents B. A minor who is pregnant C. A child older than 13 years of age who asks for emancipation D. A minor who puts his or her medical decisions in writing

b

The nurse notes that an older adult client receives only one visitor and asks the client if family members could be called. The client states, "I consider her to be all of my family." What would the nurse consider in responding to the client? A. The nurse could encourage the client to reconnect with other family members. B. The client defines who is and who is not part of the family without undue influence. C. The nurse realizes individuals exist without a family and do not often adopt substitutes. D. Family is more important to those individuals with a large number of family members.

b

The pediatric nurse would be participating in the role of advocate when completing which action? A. Instructing parents on the side effects of vaccinations they are requesting for their child B. Contributing input on a task force with the aim to reduce the rate of mortality of infants and children C. Teaching parents to keep their prescribed medication safely out of reach of children D. Explaining to parents the reason for each medication their child was recently prescribed

b

When teaching a parenting class on childhood discipline, the nurse is asked by a parent, "How long do I place my child in time-out?" How should the nurse best respond? A. "Use the amount of time it takes to elicit a behavior change." B. "Use 1 minute per year of age, but do not exceed 5 minutes." C. "Use as much time as is needed to control the behavior." D. "Use 1 minute per year of the child's age as needed."

b

A nurse is preparing a class discussion on the clinical manifestations of a heart attack observed in women. Which symptoms would the nurse include as key assessment data? Select all that apply. A. syncope B. unusual fatigue C. sleep disturbances D. arm pain E. extreme hunger

b, c, d

Which factors are causes of the high infant mortality rate? Select all that apply. A. postmaturity B. low birth weight C. sudden infant death syndrome D. cardiac complications E. viral infections F. necrotizing enterocolitis

b, c, f

A public health nurse is preparing a presentation for a parenting class with the focus on childhood discipline. Which principles of childhood discipline would the nurse expect to emphasize? Select all that apply. A. The use of punishment will reduce or eliminate undesirable behaviors. B. Discipline methods should ensure the preservation of the child's self-esteem. C. Time-out technique for discipline is no longer acceptable. D. Positive reinforcement will increase desirable behaviors. E. Maintain a positive, supportive, nurturing parent-child relationship.

b, d, e

A nurse is planning a continuum of care for a client during pregnancy, labor, and childbirth. What is the most important factor in enhancing the birthing experience? A. Adhering to strict specific routines B. Involving a pediatric physician C. Educating the client about the importance of a support person D. Assigning several nurses as a support team

c

The nurse is administering a number of therapeutic interventions for neonates, infants, and children on the pediatric unit. Which intervention contributes to an increase in chronic illness seen in early childhood? A. Administering antibiotics to prevent lethal infections B. Vaccinating children to prevent childhood diseases C. Using mechanical ventilation for premature infants D. Using corticosteroids as a treatment for asthma

c

The nurse is caring for a child brought to the emergency department by a babysitter. The child needs an emergency appendectomy and the parents cannot be contacted. What would be the nurse's best response to this situation? A. Have the babysitter sign the consent form even if she does not have signed papers to do so. B. Have the primary care physician for the child sign the consent form. C. Document failed attempts to obtain consent to allow emergency care. D. Delay medical care until the child's next of kin can be contacted.

c

The nurse is working with a group of community health members to develop a plan to address the special health needs of women. Which educational program would the group most likely identify as the priority? A. risk reduction strategies for diabetes B. methods for smoking cessation C. ways to adopt a heart-healthy lifestyle D. importance of cancer screening and early detection

c

The pediatric nurse knows that the children being treated are considered minors. Which statement accurately describes the regulations related to consent for medical treatment? A. Children older than age 16 can provide their own consent for, or refusal of, medical procedures. B. A guardian ad litem may be appointed by the parents to serve to protect the child's best interests. C. Parents ultimately are the decision makers regarding medical treatment for their children younger than the age of 18. D. When divorce occurs, the parent with whom the child is living on a daily basis will be granted custody of the child.

c

When integrating the principles of family-centered care into the birthing process, the nurse would base care upon which belief? A. Birth is viewed as a medical event. B. Families are unable to make informed choices due to stress. C. Birth results in changes in relationships. D. Families require little information to make appropriate decisions for care.

c

When integrating the principles of family-centered care, the nurse would include which concept? A. Parents want nurses to make decisions about their child's treatment. B. Families are unable to make informed choices. C. People have taken increased responsibility for their own health. D. Families require little information to make appropriate decisions.

c

A 9-month-old with glaucoma requires surgery. The infant's parents are divorced. To obtain informed consent, which action would be most appropriate? A. Contacting the father for informed consent B. Obtaining informed consent from the mother C. Seeking a court ruling on the course of care D. Determining sole or joint custody by the parents

d

A child needs a consent form signed for a minor surgical procedure. Which statement accurately describes the responsibilities of the health care providers when obtaining the consent? A. The physician is responsible for ensuring that the consent form is completed with signatures from the parents or legal guardians. B. The physician is responsible for serving as a witness to the signature process. C. The nurse is responsible for informing the child and family about the procedure and obtaining consent. D. The nurse is responsible for determining that the parents or legal guardians understand what they are signing by asking them pertinent questions.

d

After describing the procedure and medical necessity, the nurse asks a 14-year- old child to assent to a skin graft. Which statement accurately describes the requirements for this type of assent? A. The age of assent occurs at 12 years old. B. It is not necessary to obtain assent from a minor for a procedure. C. A minor can dissent to a procedure but his or her wishes are not D. In some cases, such as cases of significant morbidity or mortality, dissent may need to be overridden.

d

After teaching a group of parents on childhood discipline, the nurse understands that which statement, made by a parent, demonstrates an understanding of spanking as a form of discipline? A. "When responding to inappropriate behavior it is OK to lightly spank." B. "Use a combination of spanking along with other methods of discipline." C. "Use spanking as a last resort when time-out has failed." D. "Use methods other than spanking to respond to inappropriate behavior."

d