Chapter 10 The Blood Vascular System: Branches of the Aorta

Descending Thoracic Aorta

Has 2 general types of branches, parietal and visceral.

Intercostal Arteries

Parietal branch of the descending thoracic aorta. (9 pairs); provides the blood supply to the rib spaces 3-11.

Splenic Artery

An artery that originates from the celiac trunk and supplies blood to the spleen.

Gastric Artery

Arteries that supplies the walls of the stomach.

Coronary Arteries

Branches of the ascending aorta which provide the blood supply to the myocardium.

Unpaired Visceral Branches of Abdominal Aorta

Celiac trunk, superior mesenteric artery, inferior mesenteric artery.

Brachiocephalic Trunk

First of the 3 branches of the arch of aorta. Provides the blood supply to the right upper extremity and right side of head and neck.

Arch of Aorta

Has 3 branches called brachiocephalic, common carotid artery, and subclavian artery.

Parietal Branch of Abdominal Aorta

Inferior phrenic arteries, lumbar arteries, mid-sacral artery.

Renal Arteries

Paired visceral branch of the abdominal aorta; provides blood supply to kidneys.

Gonadal Arteries

Paired visceral branch of the abdominal aorta; provides blood supply to the sex glands.

Suprarenal Arteries

Paired visceral branch of the abdominal aorta; provides blood supply to the suprarenal(adrenal) glands.

Mid-Sacral Artery

Parietal branch of the abdominal aorta; (unpaired) provides the blood supply to the area near the tailbone.

Lumbar Arteries

Parietal branch of the abdominal aorta; provides the blood supply to the small of the back.

Inferior Phrenic Arteries

Parietal branch of the abdominal aorta; provides the blood supply to the underside of diaphragm.

Subcostal Arteries

Parietal branch of the descending thoracic aorta. (1 pair); provides the blood supply to the area below the last ribs.

Superior Phrenic Arteries

Parietal branch of the descending thoracic aorta. (1 pair); provides the blood supply to the top side of the diaphragm (phrenic muscle).

Visceral Branch

Provides the blood supply to the organs contain within the cavity. Has 3 branches; esophageal arteries, bronchial arteries, and pericardial arteries.

Parietal Branch

Provides the blood supply to the walls surrounding the cavities. Has 3 branches; intercostal arteries, subcostal arteries, and superior phrenic arteries.

Common Carotid Artery

Second of the 3 branches of the arch of aorta. Provides the blood supply to left side of the head and neck.

Paired Visceral Branches of Abdominal Aorta

Suprarenal arteries, renal arteries, gonadal arteries.

Subclavian Artery

Third of the 3 branches of the arch of aorta. Provides the blood supply to the left upper extremity.

Celiac Trunk

Unpaired visceral branch of the abdominal aorta; provides blood to the stomach, liver, gall bladder, spleen, pancreas, and part of the small intestine.

Superior Mesenteric Artery

Unpaired visceral branch of the abdominal aorta; provides the blood supply to the remainder of the small intestines and the first half of the large intestine.

Inferior Mesenteric Artery

Unpaired visceral branch of the abdominal aorta; provides the blood supply to the terminal portion(last half) of the large intestine.

Esophageal Arteries

Visceral branch of the descending thoracic aorta; provides blood supply to the esophagus.

Bronchial Arteries

Visceral branch of the descending thoracic aorta; provides the blood supply to the bronchi and the lungs.

Pericardial Arteries

Visceral branch of the descending thoracic aorta; provides the blood supply to the pericardial sac(NOT the heart itself).