Chapter 10

Which of the following occurs as air is drawn through the nose?

Air is warmed, filtered, and humidified.

When air entering the respiratory tract leaves the pharynx, it next enters the

Larynx

Ventilation refers to the process by which

air moves into and out of the lungs

Which of the following results from the stimulation by nerve impulses generated in the respiratory center when they arrive at the muscles involved in inspiration?

contraction of the diaphragm

Which one of the following muscles separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity?

diaphragm

During the ingestion of food or liquid, which one of the following tips to block the opening to the trachea?

epiglottis

A small amount of fluid is contained in the pleural cavity to

function as a lubricant as the lungs move during ventilation

During exhalation, the pressure inside the lungs

initially is higher than atmospheric pressure, but drops as air leaves the body

Carbaminohemoglobin differs from hemoglobin in that carbaminohemoglobin

is bound to carbon dioxide

Which of the following structures is the location of gas exchange between the inhaled air and the blood?

alveoli

All of the following are TRUE regarding the effect of smoking on the respiratory system EXCEPT which one?

Antimicrobial compounds found in the respiratory mucus of smokers decrease the likelihood of infection.

The trachea is completely surrounded by rings of cartilage, resulting in an organ that is inflexible.

FALSE

The respiratory control center is located

Medulla oblongata

Which one of the following best explains why humans must constantly breathe in oxygen in order to stay alive?

Oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the process of cellular respiration, which results in the production of the ATPs required to fuel cell functions.

All of the following are involved in the regulation of the rate and depth of breathing EXCEPT which one?

bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli

A condition in which wheezing occurs with breathlessness and a persistent cough, and yields yellowish or greenish phlegm is

bronchitis

Arrange the following entries in the order in which air contacts them as air is drawn into the body.

c. pharynx, e. larynx, a. trachea b. bronchiole c. pharynx d. alveoli

Air in the airways that does not participate in gas exchange is known as

dead space volume

Most of the carbon dioxide released by cells is transported in the venous supply in what form?

soluble bicarbonate ion