Chapter 10&11 intro to psych

Social desirability is correlated with self-efficacy. a major problem with self-report assessments. being considered as an addition in the big five personality inventory. a major motivational component of the psychodynamic approach.

a major problem with self-report assessments.

According to Eysenck's theory, introversion and extraversion are characteristic patterns of behavior that determine a person's sense of unconditional positive regard. are shaped through behaviorism. should be measured using projective tests. aim to regulate arousal around baseline.

aim to regulate arousal around baseline.

Amelia is known for helping her family members and friends with the ultimate goal of benefiting them, even if it incurs a cost to herself. In this scenario, Amelia's behavior best illustrates altruism. reciprocity. egoism. obedience.

altruism.

According to Freud, the ego is an individual's reservoir of sexual energy. is the harsh internal judge of one's behavior. operates on the "pleasure principle." deals with the demands of reality.

deals with the demands of reality.

Welma is unable to accept the fact that she has been diagnosed with lung cancer. She refuses treatment despite her family's attempts to convince her. According to Freud's psychoanalytic theory, Welma is unconsciously engaging in a defense mechanism called rationalization. regression. displacement. denial.

denial.

Self-report personality tests determine people's personality based on behavioral observation. ask the test taker to interpret ambiguous stimuli. directly ask people whether specific items describe their personality traits. rely on a professional's diagnosis or opinion.

directly ask people whether specific items describe their personality traits.

Meyer plans to obtain quick money through gambling, but he realizes that he might get arrested by the police. This prevents him from going ahead with the plan. According to Freud's psychoanalytic theory, which of the following structures of personality most likely stopped Meyer from going ahead with his plan? superego id animus ego

ego

Your grandma initiates regular get-togethers at her neighborhood community hall. She also believes that it's important to experience gratitude and be thankful for the wonderful life she has lived. According to the five-factor five model of personality, your grandma would likely score high on which of the following traits? conscientiousness neuroticism fixedness extraversion

extraversion

A man who slaps his wife during an argument is most likely exhibiting covert aggression. subtle aggression. overt aggression. relational aggression.

overt aggression.

John, who is jealous of his older brother, states that his older brother hates him and is jealous of him. This scenario best illustrates the defense mechanism called repression. projection. regression. sublimation.

projection.

Social psychologists believe that ________ is particularly strong during the early stages of a relationship, and that ________ increases as the relationship grows and matures. consensual validation; passionate love romantic love; affectionate love affectionate love; romantic love consensual validation; romantic love

romantic love; affectionate love

If Marcy is feeling guilty about lying to her mother, supporters of Freud's psychoanalytic theory would most likely argue that her ________ is making her feel this way. animaI id superego ego

superego

Although Jeff frequently exceeds the speed limit by at least 10 mph, he justifies his behavior by erroneously thinking that most other drivers do the same. This belief best illustrates the self-serving bias. deindividuation. social loafing. the false consensus effect.

the false consensus effect.

When Claudia gets an A on her psychology exam, she believes that it is because she is an intelligent, hard-working student. However, when she receives a C on the exam, she blames the instructor's ineffective teaching style and poor choice of test questions for her poor performance. Claudia's behavior is an example of the self-serving bias. the false uniqueness effect. learned helplessness. the false consensus effect.

the self-serving bias.

Which of the following statements is true of stereotype threat? In stereotype-relevant situations, a person has the tendency to overperform. Stereotype threat affects performance on math tests that are taken by men compared to women. A person facing stereotype threat usually performs well in any test to prove he or she is better than what is indicated by the stereotype. A person who experiences stereotype threat is well aware of stereotypical expectations for him or her as a member of a group.

A person who experiences stereotype threat is well aware of stereotypical expectations for him or her as a member of a group.

Which of the following statements is true of the concept of risky shift? It refers to each person's tendency to exert less effort in a group because of reduced accountability for individual effort. It refers to a person's risk of losing his or her personal identity when he or she becomes a part of a group. It is the tendency to shift to a group that makes less risky decisions. It is the tendency for individuals to more willingly endorse riskier decisions when in a group than when they are alone.

It is the tendency for individuals to more willingly endorse riskier decisions when in a group than when they are alone.

You conclude that Carla is a naturally anxious woman. You ignore the fact that Carla is currently working on a tight-deadline project and is spending 100 hours per week at work. You are demonstrating the fundamental attribution error. universality mistake. self-serving bias. availability heuristic.

fundamental attribution error.

One explanation for the effects of deindividuation in groups is that groups increase personal identity. give people anonymity. reduce the diffusion of responsibility. make people highly inhibited.

give people anonymity.

In the context of the psychological influences on aggression, the frustration-aggression hypothesis states that low levels of neuroticism are associated with aggression. individuals who feel callous and cold toward others are less likely to engage in aggression. individuals who are high on hostility and irritability are unlikely to behave aggressively when not provoked. the blocking of an individual's attempts to reach a goal triggers aggression.

the blocking of an individual's attempts to reach a goal triggers aggression.

Face validity refers to the degree to which a personality test predicts behavior outside the test situation. the tendency of a person to give answers that make him or her look better. the extent to which a test item appears to fit the particular trait it is measuring. the extent to which two examiners agree about a person's personality traits.

the extent to which a test item appears to fit the particular trait it is measuring.