Chapter 11
A 32-year-old wife and mother of two children was a bank manager before entering the nursing program. She is finishing a Baccalaureate nursing program in a few months. She learns best when she can plan and carry out her own learning activities, uses past experiences to help with current learning, and applies learning immediately. Which learning theory best fits this woman's learning style? A) Knowles' adult learning theory B) Bandura's social learning theory C) The Gestalt-Field family of theories D) Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs theory
A
A client who needs to lose weight as part of an overall plan to become healthier has contracted with a nurse for behavior change. The client is working on increasing fruits and vegetables in his or her diet and currently consumes less than one fruit or vegetable per day. The nurse knows that the client is in the unfreezing stage of change when the client stated: A) "I have been reading a lot about the healing powers of many fruits and vegetables. I never ate many fruits and vegetables as a child so I am not sure how to prepare them. Can you refer me to some sources of information?" B) "I have started to try one serving of fruits and one serving of vegetables at each meal. I am starting to discover some of my favorites." C) "I still hate fruits and vegetables and I don't think I will be successful at integrating them into my diet." D) "Today I ate a total of 10 servings of fruits and vegetables. I really do like them and I feel great!"
A
A community health nurse develops a written teaching plan for a community education program about nutrition and salt-reduction. Which objective would reflect synthesis learning in the cognitive domain? A) The client will create an enjoyable meal using low-sodium foods. B) The client will compare the salt content in a variety of packaged foods. C) The client will practice eating meals that contain low-sodium foods. D) The client will list foods that are low in sodium.
A
A community health nurse is applying the normative-reductive strategy of change when working with clients. In doing so, the nurse engages them into changing their behavior in addition to providing education, based on which assumption? A) Information alone is not enough, and behaviors change through persuasion. B) Compliance by the client system will occur through the use of power to effect change. C) People are rational and will adopt a new practice because it is in their best interest. D) The clients can assume a high degree of responsibility for their own help.
A
As part of a community-wide program addressing the needs of seniors in the county, the nurse engages the seniors as well as their families in the program. The nurse is demonstrating which principle for effecting positive change? A) Participation B) Proper timing C) Resistance to change D) Interdependence
A
When developing an educational program for the community, which of the following must the community health nurse do first? A) Assess the clients' readiness to learn B) Ensure a conducive environment for learning C) Assess the client's perception of the problem D) Determine the appropriate subject matter
A
The community health nurse evaluates his or her own past personal habit of smoking as he or she prepares to talk to a group of people about the importance of smoking cessation. The nurse recalls that he or she had several unsuccessful attempts before quitting 1 year ago today. The nurse decides to share this information with the group and tells them that all the attempts he or she had made before stopping smoking were necessary steps for his or her eventual success. Which principle of change was the nurse enacting? A) Principle of flexibility B) Principle of self-understanding C) Principle of interdependence D) Principle of proper timing
B
To ensure learning in the psychomotor domain, which of the following would be most important for the nurse to ensure about the learner? A) Has a sensory image of how to do the skill B) Has the ability to perform the necessary skill C) Is willing to listen to the information about the skill D) Can continue to practice the skill independently
B
When choosing an appropriate model for health education, community health nurses often select the PRECEDE-PROCEED model for which reason? A) It emphasizes the desired outcome of the teaching. B) The steps are similar to those of the nursing process. C) The nurse's perception of the problem is the key to this model. D) Evaluation of outcomes is the final step.
B
Which of the following interventions by the nurse is most likely to have a positive influence on the client's adoption of a new healthy behavior? A) Providing feedback about what the client is doing incorrectly B) Providing feedback about what the client is doing correctly C) Not providing feedback D) Not providing role modeling of the desired change
B
Which of the following is the best example of a positive learning environment for a group of developmentally disabled adults? A) A local diner, seated near the door to the kitchen during lunchtime B) A brightly lit conference room with comfortable chairs C) A kindergarten classroom with small chairs that are low to the ground D) A park on a beautiful, sunny day
B
The community health nurse is presenting sexuality education to a group of sixth grade students. The community health nurse tells the students that they must never have unprotected sexual intercourse or they will die from a sexually transmitted infection and displays pictures of people dying from AIDS. The nurse is using which change strategy? A) Normative-reeducative B) Rational-empiric C) Power-coercive D) Planned change
C
When a community health nurse is planning to teach a group of new immigrants from a non- English speaking country about the need for immunizations, the nurse should include which in his or her plans? A) Using a lot of pictures B) Guessing about the native language and attempting to speak it C) Using an interpreter D) Talking clearly and slowly, being sure to enunciate each word
C
Which of the following endings to this sentence most accurately describes the reason a community health nurse must consider the social determinants of health? The community health nurse must consider the social determinants of health A) because the social determinants of health affect a wide range of health, functioning, and quality-of-life outcomes and risks. B) because in our country all people are treated equally. C) because it is the right thing to do. D) because the community health nurse believes in social justice.
A
Which of the following is the best example of a community health nurse focusing on the secondary level of prevention? A) Teaching clients how to navigate the health care system to receive prompt treatment B) Teaching clients about the importance of immunization C) Teaching stroke survivors about the importance of diet, rest, and exercise to prevent a secondary health problem D) Teaching a class on sensible nutrition for adolescents
A
Which of the following are examples of a community health nurse providing health promotion teaching? Select all that apply. A) The community health nurse teaches a class of kindergartners how to properly wash their hands. B) The community health nurse is a guest on a radio talk show to provide information how to avoid an infection that is endemic. C) The community health nurse encourages an individual whose blood pressure screening was elevated to have his or her blood pressure rechecked in 1 week. D) The community health nurse teaches a group of preschoolers about different fruits and vegetables that they might like to try. E) The community health nurse teaches a mother and baby exercise group. F) The community health nurse leads a group of stroke survivors in soft exercise.
A, D, E
Which of the following statements accurately describe Pender's Health Promotion Model? Select all that apply. A) It has been revised to reflect a number of major theoretical changes. B) It is not effective. C) It is unrelated to interpersonal influence of others. D) It allows the community health nurse to predict health promotion behaviors which enhances the ability to work with clients. E) Individual characteristics and experiences are seen to interact with behavior-specific cognitions and affect to influence specific behavioral outcomes.
A, D, E
Which of the following are factors to consider related to the social determinants of health? Select all that apply. A) Being marginalized B) Access to safe housing C) Safe workplaces D) Being related to a politician E) Access to social and economic opportunities
B, C, E
A community health nurse is preparing a teaching program for a group of elementary school- aged children about substance abuse awareness. The nurse would implement strategies that address which cognitive phase of development? A) Preconceptual B) Intuitive thought C) Concrete operations D) Formal operations
C
A community health nurse is providing informal teaching to groups of parents about typical childhood developmental milestones. Which of the following would the nurse mostly likely be using? A) Lecture B) Demonstration C) Anticipatory guidance D) Visual images
C
A teaching plan for a group of new mothers has the following objective: "The mothers will describe the principles that relate to safety while diapering their newborn." The nurse is attempting to achieve learning at which level of the cognitive domain? A) Knowledge B) Comprehension C) Application D) Analysis
C
Which of the following statements about teaching at three levels of prevention is most accurate? A) Ideally, the community health nurse would focus at the tertiary level of prevention. B) The outcome of focusing on the tertiary level of prevention is to help diminish years of morbidity and limit subsequent infirmity. C) It is ideal to focus on the primary level of prevention. D) Community health nurses do not spend a significant share of time teaching at the secondary level.
C
Which of the following statements most accurately describes the nurse's role as an educator related to the social determinants of health? A) The nurse must focus on individual behavior and encourage people to take responsibility for their own behavior. B) The nurse must examine one or two factors that contribute to our state of health. C) The nurse must look at the root causes of disease and health inequities. D) The nurse must lecture people about what is right and wrong behavior.
C
A community health nurse has been getting good attendance and group participation in her Saturday class on newborn care for young mothers. The participants receive free transportation and a $10 food voucher for attending. When they participate, prizes are distributed. This nurse is using behavioral theory to encourage clients, focusing the teaching on which of the following concepts? A) Meeting a hierarchy of needs B) The learner's self-confidence and personal mastery C) A person's natural tendency to learn D) Changes in response to a stimulus
D
A community health nurse has been teaching nutrition to a group of seniors in a local senior center. After attending the nurse's class on nutrition, the nurse determines the group's cognitive level of learning. Which of the following indicates knowing? A) Comparing the nutrient value in foods B) Eating well-balanced meals C) Planning recipes that are low in fat D) Naming three foods high in iron
D
After teaching a class about the stages of change, the instructor determines that the class understands the information when they identify the following as the proper sequence of stages? A) Unfreeze, plan, and integrate B) Plan, organize, and coordinate C) Plan, relearn, and integrate D) Unfreeze, change, and refreeze
D
The community health nurse is talking to a group of clients about the health importance of consuming a low-fat diet. The clients are members of a particular cultural group that grows their own food and consumes a lot of animal protein. The clients state that their forefathers ate a diet that was high in animal protein and they had lived into their 90s. The community health nurse expects this argument and points out that their ancestors did not have the luxury of modern machines and they had to engage in a lot more activity than the current generation. This is an example of which principle of effecting change? A) Principle of participation B) Principle of proper timing C) Principle of self-understanding D) Principle of resistance to change
D
When implementing a program for teaching parenting to a group of teenagers, the community health nurse determines that the group is in the changing/moving stage of change when the group demonstrates which of the following? A) Motivation for change B) Integration of the change C) Lack of resistance to the change D) Beginning adoption of the change
D
Which question would the community health nurse use as a guide to determine a client's participation in a teaching program? A) "What does the client know about the current problem?" B) "How does the client view the current situation?" C) "Does the client need special seating?" D) "What does the client want to learn?"
D