Chapter 11

Who among the following perceives the ability to attain reinforcements as being largely outside themselves?

Externals

Increasing hypertension and reducing LDL (harmful) serum cholesterol, through medicine if necessary, reduces the risk of coronary heart disease.

False

Unhealthy stress is referred to as eustress.

False

According to Albert Ellis, which of the following is true of beliefs?

Our beliefs about events, not just the events themselves, can be stressors.

Which of the following is true of cancer?

People whose immune system is damaged by physical or psychological factors may be more likely to develop cancer.

__________allows us to brace ourselves for the inevitable and, in many cases, plan ways of coping with it.

Predictability

​ _________ allows us to brace ourselves for the inevitable and, in many cases, plan ways of coping with it.

Predictability

​ _____ is a demand made on an organism to adapt, cope, or adjust.

Stress

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for coronary heart disease?

Sunbathing

__________such as pathogens, injuries, age, gender, and a family history of disease may strike us as the most obvious causes of illness.

Biological factors

Type B people:

relax more readily and focus more on the quality of life.

​Many health problems are affected by _________, such as attitudes, emotions, and behavior.

​psychological factors

Which of the following is a difference between Type A people and Type B people?

Type A people are more likely to continue to strive for more and more as compared to Type B people.

Sam wants to be a clinical psychologist. He has been accepted at two different graduate schools. Both schools are equally prestigious and will provide him with an outstanding education. However, he has to choose between the two schools. According to Neal E. Miller, this type of conflict is known as a(n):

approach-approach conflict.

Type A people:

are highly driven, competitive, impatient, hostile, and aggressive.

In__________conflict, you are motivated to avoid each of the two negative goals. However, avoiding one requires approaching the other.

avoidance

Mark, a cancer patient, has decided to face his disease with courage and make whatever adjustments necessary to enjoy the rest of his life. According to Kobasa, Mark demonstrates the__________characteristic of psychologically hardy people.

challenge

Eric has high blood pressure, and his doctors have found no specific cause. This condition is called:

essential hypertension.

According to Selye's general adaptation syndrome, in an exhaustion stage,__________.

many aspects of sympathetic activity are reversed

Many health problems are affected by__________, such as attitudes, emotions, and behavior.

psychological factors

Carole seems to be incredibly healthy; she is able to resist illness despite being severely stressed. She fully involves herself in whatever she is doing. She believes that change is normal and that she has control over the course of her life. Psychologists would say that Carole is:

psychologically hardy.

Connor was frightened as his cab was weaving in and out of traffic across the city. The level of his endocrine and sympathetic activity eventually lowered as his body attempted to restore lost energy and repair damage. Connor is in the__________of the general adaptation syndrome.

resistance stage

​_________ can be positive or negative, occur at irregular intervals, and create stress.

​Life changes

​Lisa is a single parent of three children. During the course of each week, she prepares meals, shops for grocery, and takes care of the household. She also has a demanding job that she does not like, but cannot quit as she is concerned about meeting her everyday expenses. Psychologists refer to these stresses as _____.

​daily hassles

​The field of psychology that studies the relationships between psychological factors and the prevention and treatment of physical wellness problems is known as _____.

​health psychology