Chapter 11 Blood

Each heme group in a molecule of hemoglobin contains ________ atom(s) of iron. A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 1/2

A. 1

The percentage of solids in a sample of human blood is normally about A) 45 percent. B) 10 percent. C) 25 percent. D) 70 percent. E) 90 percent.

A. 45 percent

Plasma proteins that are necessary for blood to maintain osmotic pressure are A) albumins. B) fibrinogens. C) globulins. D) collagens. E) elastins

A. albumins

The function of hemoglobin is to A) carry oxygen. B) protect the body against infectious agents. C) aid in the process of blood clotting. D) carry nutrients from the intestine to the body's cells. E) all of the above

A. carry oxygen

Having too many red blood cells is called A) erythrocytosis. B) erythropenia. C) hemocytosis. D) erythropoiesis. E) hematopenia

A. erythrocytosis

Which of the following is the MOST active phagocytically? A) neutrophils B) eosinophils C) basophils D) lymphocytes E) erythrocytes

A. neutrophils

Platelets release ________, which causes local vasoconstriction. A) serotonin B) epinephrine C) collagen D) prostaglandin E) fibrin

A. serotonin

Calcium ions and ________ have an effect on nearly every aspect of the clotting process. A) vitamin K B) vitamin A C) vitamin D D) vitamin E E) thiamin

A. vitamin K

How would an increase in the concentration of calcium ion in the blood affect the process of hemostasis? A) Platelet plugs would fail to form. B) Coagulation would proceed more rapidly. C) Coagulation would proceed more slowly. D) Retraction would occur prematurely. E) Fibrinolysis would occur more quickly.

B. Coagulation would proceed more rapidly

What effect would a drug that interferes with protein synthesis have on the development of red blood cells? A) Fewer cells than normal would be formed. B) The cells formed would not be able to carry as much oxygen as normal. C) The cells formed would carry larger amounts of carbon dioxide. D) The cells would be round like spheres. E) all of the above

B. The cells formed would not be able to carry as much oxygen as normal

Type AB blood contains A) A agglutinins on the red blood cells. B) agglutinogen A and B. C) B agglutinogens on the red blood cells. D) B agglutinins in the plasma. E) agglutinin A and B.

B. agglutinogen A and B

The intrinsic pathway of coagulation is activated by A) the sticking of platelets to damaged tissue. B) the activation of a proenzyme exposed to collagen. C) the release of tissue factor by damaged endothelium. D) the release of heparin from the liver. E) the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin.

B. the activation of proenzyme exposed to collagen

A stationary blood clot is called a(n) A) embolus. B) thrombus. C) plaque. D) coagulant. E) platelet plug.

B. thrombus

The average life span of a red blood cell is A) 1 week. B) 1 month. C) 4 months. D) 6 months. E) 1 year

C. 4 months

A normal WBC count is about A) 1,000-2,000. B) 500-5,000. C) 5,000-10,000. D) 50,000-500,000. E) 5 million-6 million.

C. 5,000-10,000

________ is a condition in which the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood is reduced. A) Erythropoiesis B) Lymphopoiesis C) Anemia D) Leukopenia E) Leukemia

C. Anemia

he clotting proteins in blood plasma are A) globulins. B) transport proteins. C) albumins. D) collagen. E) fibrinogens.

C. albumins

The least numerous white blood cells in peripheral circulation are the A) neutrophils. B) eosinophils. C) basophils. D) lymphocytes. E) monocytes.

C. basophils

Which of the following is a necessary cofactor in the formation of a blood clot? A) albumin B) fibrinogen C) calcium D) prothrombin E) vitamin K

C. calcium

Platelets are A) cells. B) proteins. C) cell fragments. D) nuclei. E) antibodies.

C. cell fragments

Before red blood cells enter the bloodstream, they A) flatten. B) multiply their mitochondria. C) eject their nucleus. D) soak up oxygen. E) recycle hemoglobin.

C. eject their nucleus

A person who lives in a city at sea level and vacations in the Rocky Mountains would experience an increase in A) the number of platelets in the blood. B) the number of lymphocytes in the blood. C) red blood cell count. D) white blood cell count. E) the density of the bone marrow.

C. red blood cell count

Bill wants to determine his blood type, so he takes a few drops of blood from a puncture wound in his finger and mixes it with various antisera. His blood cells agglutinate when mixed with the anti-A sera and antiRh sera, but not with the anti-B sera. This means A) Bill could receive type B blood in a transfusion. B) Bill could donate blood to an individual with type AB blood. C) Bill is Rh-positive. D) Bill's plasma contains anti-B antibodies. E) Bill's plasma would cross-react with type 0 negative red blood cells.

D. Bill's plasma contains anti-B antibodies

________ occur(s) where endothelial and smooth muscle cells contain large quantities of lipids. A) Clots B) Emboli C) Coagulation D) Plaques E) Stasis

D. Plaques

Agglutinogens of the various blood types are examples of A) antibodies. B) proteins. C) white blood cells. D) antigens. E) none of the above

D. antigens

Blood is composed of A) plasma. B) formed elements. C) blood cells. D) cell fragments. E) all of the above

E. all of the above

Functions of the blood include A) transport of nutrients and wastes. B) regulation of pH and electrolyte concentration of interstitial fluids. C) restricting fluid loss. D) body defense. E) all of the above

E. all of the above

Pus contains A) leukocytes. B) bacteria. C) damaged body cells. D) platelets. E) all of the above

E. all of the above

Which grouping of conditions may result in an increased red blood cell count? A) severe dehydration, diarrhea, polycythemia B) anemia, dehydration, leukemia C) anemia, dehydration, severe hemorrhage D) leukemia, anemia, severe dehydration E) anemia, polycythemia, dehydration

A. severe dehydration, diarrhea, polycythemia

This disease is characterized by an incorrect production of hemoglobin proteins. A) sickle cell anemia B) thalassemia C) hematuria D) jaundice E) aplastic anemia

A. sickle cell anemia

Red blood cells are stored in A) the liver. B) the thymus. C) red bone marrow. D) yellow bone marrow. E) lymph nodes

A. the liver

Platelets are A) giant, multinucleated cells. B) cytoplasmic fragments. C) immature leukocytes. D) both A and B E) all of the above

B. cytoplasmic fragments

The condition of cyanosis is caused by increased levels of A) carbaminohemoglobin. B) deoxyhemoglobin. C) oxyhemoglobin. D) carbon dioxide. E) carbon monoxide.

B. deoxyhemoglobin

EPO is released when A) oxygen levels in the blood increase. B) oxygen levels in the blood decrease. C) carbon dioxide levels in the blood increase. D) carbon dioxide levels in the blood decrease. E) protein levels in the blood increase.

B. oxygen levels in the blood decrease

The main event of the coagulation phase is A) vascular spasm. B) the activation of fibrinogen. C) clot retraction. D) the formation of a platelet plug. E) the contraction of platelets.

B. the activation of fibrogen

The basic event that causes a blood clot to form is the change of A) prothrombin to thrombin. B) Factor X to Factor Xa. C) fibrinogen to fibrin. D) vitamin K to prothrombin. E) PDGF to platelet.

C. fibrinogen to fibrin

Another term for the condition known as erythroblastosis fetalis is A) sensitization incompatibility. B) cross reaction. C) hemolytic disease of the newborn. D) anemia. E) none of the above

C. hemolytic disease of the newborn

Red blood cell production is regulated by a hormone from the A) thymus. B) lungs. C) kidney. D) suprarenal gland. E) brain.

C. kidney

Which condition(s) may result in an decreased red blood cell count? A) acute infections B) leukemia C) menstruation D) hypochromic anemia E) all of the above

C. menstruation

Which of the following is an agranulocyte? A) erythrocyte B) WBC C) monocyte D) eosinophil E) thrombocyte

C. monocyte

Which of the following represents the correct sequence of appearance for mature red blood cells? A) stem cell, erythroblast stage, proerythroblast, reticulocyte, RBC B) hemocytoblast, myeloblast, reticulocyte, megakaryocyte, RBC C) myeloid stem cell, proerythroblast, erythroblast, reticulocyte, RBC D) monoblast, promonocyte, myelocyte, band cell, RBC E) lymphoblast, proerythroblast, reticulocyte, band cell, RBC

C. myeloid stem cell, proerythroblast

Thrombocytopenia is a deficiency of A) antibodies. B) erythrocytes. C) platelets. D) WBC. E) all of the above

C. platelets

In adults, erythropoiesis primarily takes place in A) the liver. B) yellow bone marrow. C) the tibia. D) the spleen. E) the kidneys.

C. the tibia

Fresh whole blood is collected by A) arthroscopy. B) arterioscopy. C) venipuncture. D) sonography. E) venoscopy.

C. venipuncture

Stem cells responsible for the production of white blood cells originate in the A) liver. B) thymus. C) spleen. D) bone marrow. E) lymphoid tissue.

D. bone marrow

The chief difference between plasma and serum involves the A) amount of water. B) quantity of electrolytes. C) quantity of organic wastes. D) coagulation proteins. E) concentration of glucose.

D. coagulation of glucose

Placement of an oxygen mask on a patient could result in A) anemia. B) increased numbers of lymphocytes. C) increased erythropoiesis. D) decreased erythropoiesis. E) decreased elimination of vitamin K.

D. decreased erthropoiesis

Biconcave cells without a nucleus are called A) lymphocytes. B) neutrophils. C) eosinophils. D) erythrocytes. E) monocytes.

D. erythrocytes

Plasma is the ________ fraction of blood. A) serum. B) lymphatic fluid. C) whole blood. D) extracellular fluid. E) packed blood.

D. extracellular fluid

A hemoglobin molecule contains A) three protein chains, four heme groups, and two iron. B) two protein chains, two heme groups, and four iron. C) four protein chains, two heme groups, and two iron. D) four protein chains, four heme groups, and four iron. E) four protein chains, six heme groups, and two iron.

D. four protein chains, four heme groups, and four iron

The inherited condition resulting from the inadequate production of clotting factors is termed A) anemia. B) thalassemia. C) jaundice. D) hemophilia. E) none of the above

D. hemophilia

This condition results from retaining hemoglobin breakdown products in the blood. A) hematuria B) aplastic anemia C) microcytic anemia D) jaundice E) sickle cell anemia

D. jaundice

During a viral infection, you would expect to see increased numbers of A) neutrophils. B) eosinophils. C) basophils. D) lymphocytes. E) thrombocytes

D. lymphocytes

A person's blood type is determined by the A) size of the red blood cells. B) shape of the red blood cells. C) chemical character of the hemoglobin. D) presence or absence of specific molecules on the plasma membrane. E) number of specific molecules on the plasma membrane.

D. presence or absence of specific molecules on the plasma membrane

Which of the following vitamins is needed for the formation of clotting factors? A) vitamin A B) vitamin B C) vitamin C D) vitamin K E) vitamin E

D. vitamin K

Neutrophils A) are granular leukocytes. B) are phagocytic. C) have lobed nuclei. D) are active in fighting bacterial infection. E) all of the above

E. all of the above

Platelets function in A) transporting chemicals important for clotting. B) forming temporary patches in injured areas. C) contraction after clot formation. D) initiating the clotting process. E) all of the above

E. all of the above

Red bone marrow is located in the A) sternum. B) ribs. C) bodies of vertebrae. D) ends of long bones. E) all of the above

E. all of the above

A toxin that blocks the stomach's ability to release intrinsic factor would cause A) asphyxiation. B) acidosis. C) hemorrhage. D) leukemia. E) anemia.

E. anemia

The function of white blood cells is to A) remove carbon dioxide from active cells. B) remove nitrogenous wastes from active tissues. C) carry oxygen from the lungs to the body's cells. D) carry nutrients from the digestive system to the body's cells. E) defend the body against infectious organisms.

E. defend the body against infectious organisms

A sample of tissue from an injury shows a large number of eosinophils. This would indicate that the tissue was A) abscessed. B) inflamed. C) being rejected. D) infected by viruses. E) infected by parasites.

E. infected by parasites

The white blood cells that are important in leaving the blood vessels and phagocytizing large materials are A) neutrophils. B) eosinophils. C) basophils. D) lymphocytes. E) monocytes

E. monocytes

________ are large phagocytic WBCs that are "transformed" into phagocytic macrophages at the site of an injury. A) Neutrophils B) Eosinophils C) Basophils D) Lymphocytes E) Monocytes

E. monocytes

The common pathway of coagulation ends with A) the sticking of platelets to damaged tissue. B) the activation of a proenzyme exposed to collagen. C) the release of tissue factor by damaged endothelium. D) the activation of a clotting factor that converts prothrombin to thrombin. E) the activation of a clotting factor that converts fibrinogen to fibrin.

E. the activation of a clotting factor that converts fibrinogen to fibrin

The following is a list of the steps involved in the process of hemostasis and clot removal: 1. coagulation 2. fibrinolysis 3. vascular spasm 4. retraction 5. platelet phase The correct sequence of these steps is A) 5, 1, 4, 2, 3. B) 3, 5, 1, 4, 2. C) 2, 3, 5, 1, 4. D) 3, 4, 5, 2, 1. E) 4, 3, 5, 2, 1.

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