chapter 11 blood

During the clotting process, platelets function in *

all of the above

Functions of the blood include *

all of the above

In addition to water and proteins, the plasma contains *

all of the above

Platelets function in *

all of the above

Red bone marrow is located in *

all of the above

The important effect on RBC's due to their unusual shape is *

all of the above

The primary functions of plasma are *

all of the above

Aged and damaged erythrocytes are broken down by macrophages in the

all of the above are correct

The number of eosinophils increases dramatically during *

an allergic reaction or a parasitic infection.

The term used to describe the formation of red blood cells is

erythropoiesis

RBC production is regulated by the hormone *

erythropoietin

Red blood cell production is regulated by the hormone *

erythropoietin

A clotting protein found in the bloodstream and made by the liver *

fibrinogen

Plasma proteins that are necessary for blood clotting are the *

fibrinogens

Rat poison contains a toxin that blocks the liver's ability to utilize vitamin K. Animals that consume rat poison would die of *

hemorrhage

A person who lives in a city at sea level and vacations in the Rocky Mountains would experience an increase in *

his/her red blood cell count

The plasma proteins that attack foreign proteins and pathogens are called *

immunoglobulins.

A constriction of the arteries that carry blood to the kidneys would result in *

increased erythropoiesis.

the formed elements of blood consist of

red and white blood cells, and platelets.

In adults, the only site of RBC and WBC production is the *

red bone marrow

A person's blood type is determined by the *

the presence or absence of specific antigens on the cell membrane

The extrinsic pathway in blood clotting involves the release of *

tissue factor by damaged endothelial cells

The function of white blood cells is *

to defend the body against infectious organisms.

The primary functions of a mature red blood cell are *

transport of respiratory gases.

The "patrol agents" in the blood that defend the body against toxins and pathogens are *

white blood cells and antibodies

The combination of plasma and formed elements is called *

whole blood

The average lifespan of a red blood cell is *

120 days

The normal number of WBC's in a healthy person is *

6,000 to 9,000

A person with type A blood has *

B agglutinins in their plasma

Why do many individuals with advanced kidney disease become anemic (condition marked by a reduction in the hematocrit and/or hemoglobin content of the blood)? *

The cells responsible for producing erythropoietin are either damaged or destroyed. The reduction in erythropoeitin levels lead to reduced erythropoiesis and fewer red blood cells.

Why is a venipuncture a common technique for obtaining a blood sample? *

The supercial veins are easy to locate, the walls of veins are thinner than those of artieries, and blood pressure in veins is relatively low, so the puncture would seal quickly.

A blood clot attached to a blood vessel wall is called *

a thrombus

A type O person can donate blood to a type A person because *

a type O person does not have any antigens to be attacked by the type A blood.

Rh-negative blood indicates the

absence of the Rh antigen

The three primary classes of proteins are *

albumins, globulins, and fibrinogen.

Blood is composed of *

all of the above

Circulating mature red blood cells lack *

all of the above

A drifting blood clot is called *

an embolus

________ is a condition in which the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood is reduced. *

anemia

The type of leukocyte responsible for the red swollen condition in inflamed tissue is the *

basophil

WBC's that release histamine at the site of an injury are *

basophils

When blood types are incompatible, the blood will *

both B and C are correct.

Blood transports dissolved gases, bringing oxygen from the lungs to the tissues and carrying *

carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs.

The function of hemoglobin is to *

carry oxygen

Agglutinogens are contained (on,in) the _______, while the agglutinins are found (on,in) the _______.

cell membrane of RBC; plasma

Basophils are specialized WBC's that *

contain histamine that exaggerates the inflammatory response at the injury site

The blood of a person with type O blood

contains anti-A and anti-B agglutinins

The process of fibrinolysis *

dissolves clots

Red blood cells are called *

erythrocytes

The stem cells that produce all the blood cells are called *

hemocytoblasts

Formed elements in the blood are produced by the process of

hemopoiesis

The term used to describe the formation of white blood cells is

leukopoiesis

The leukocyte that fuses with another of its kind to create a giant phagocytic cell is the *

monocyte

The multilobed white blood cell that typically fights bacteria is the *

neutrophil

The most numerous WBC's in a normal WBC differential are the *

neutrophils

Erythropoiesis increases when *

oxygen levels in the blood decrease.

The unique composition of whole blood consists of *

plasma and formed elements

Megakaryocytes are large cells that continuously shed cytoplasm in small membrane enclosed pockets called

platelets

The "common pathway in blood clotting involves the following events, in correct sequential order. *

prothrombin --> thrombin --> fibrinogen --> fibrin

Platelets release ________ , which causes local vasoconstriction. *

serotonin

The term used to describe the formation of platelets cells is *

thrombopoiesis

Hemostasis is a process consisting of three overlapping phases. The correct order of the phases is *

vascular phase, platelet phase, coagulation phase.

The vitamin needed for the formation of clotting factors is *

vitamin K

What effect does dehydration have on an individual's hematocrit (percentage of total blood volume occupied by formed elements, mostly red blood cells)? *

The loss of water during dehydration decreases plasma volume, resulting in an increased hematocrit.