Chapter 11: Cardiovascular System

Which one of the following represents the correct path for the transmission of an impulse in the intrinsic conduction system of the heart: sinoatrial (SA) node, atrioventricular (AV) bundle, atrioventricular (AV) node, Purkinje fibers, right and left bundle branches atrioventricular (AV) node, sinoatrial (SA) node, atrioventricular (AV) bundle, right and left bundle branches, Purkinje fibers sinoatrial (SA) node, atrioventricular (AV) bundle, atrioventricular (AV) node, right and left bundle branches, Purkinje fibers sinoatrial (SA) node, atrioventricular (AV) node, atrioventricular (AV) bundle, right and left bundle branches, Purkinje fibers atrioventricular (AV) node, atrioventricular (AV) bundle, sinoatrial (SA) node, Purkinje fibers, right and left bundle branches

sinoatrial (SA) node, atrioventricular (AV) node, atrioventricular (AV) bundle, right and left bundle branches, Purkinje fibers

The volume of blood pumped out by each ventricle with each beat of the heart is called the: heart rate cardiac output stroke volume diastolic pressure cardiac cycle

stroke volume

Deoxygenated blood is returned to the right side of the heart by the: pulmonary veins pulmonary arteries superior and inferior vena cavae pulmonary trunk aorta

superior and inferior vena cavae

Coronary heart disease results from: temporary loss of oxygen to the heart the accumulation of fatty substances within blood vessels scar tissue in the myocardium of the heart from repeated myocardial infarctions persistent parasympathetic nervous system stimulation of the heart incompetent venous valves

the accumulation of fatty substances within blood vessels

A person with a heart rate of 75 beats per minute and a stroke volume of 60 mL per beat has a cardiac output of: 1.25 mL/minute 6000 mL/minute 4500 mL/minute 0.8 mL/minute 120 mL/minute

4500 mL/minute

Cardiac output is calculated by multiplying the stroke volume by the systolic blood pressure. True False

False

During ventricular diastole, the bicuspid and tricuspid valves are closed. True False

False

The atrioventricular node starts each heart beat and is often called the pacemaker of the heart for that reason. True False

False

The chordae tendineae anchor the semilunar valves to the walls of the ventricles. True False

False

The coronary sinus on the backside of the heart drains deoxygenated blood from the wall of the heart into the left atrium. True False

False

The semilunar valves prevent the backflow of blood into the atria when the ventricles are contracting. True False

False

An increase in blood vessel diameter causes arterial blood pressure to decrease. True False

True

Capillaries are composed only of tunica intima. True False

True

Exchanges between blood and tissue cells occur in capillary beds. True False

True

The alternate name for the bicuspid valve is the mitral valve. True False

True

The part of the intrinsic conduction system of the heart that directly supplies the walls of the ventricles is the Purkinje fibers. True False

True

The umbilical vein carries blood rich in nutrients and oxygen to the fetus. True False

True

When precapillary sphincters are closed, blood flows through the shunts and bypasses the tissue cells. True False

True

Generalized vasoconstriction occurs as a result of: a decrease in sympathetic nervous system firing an increase in sympathetic nervous system firing an increase in blood pressure an increase in parasympathetic nervous system firing

an increase in sympathetic nervous system firing

Chest pain resulting from the loss of oxygen to heart cells is called: angina pectoris heart block endocarditis myocardial infarction stroke

angina pectoris

Which valve guards the base of the aorta and opens when the ventricles are contracting: aortic semilunar valve mitral valve pulmonary semilunar valve tricuspid valve bicuspid valve

aortic semilunar valve

The path of blood flow within the systemic vascular system is: arteries, arterioles, capillary beds, veins, venules arteries, arterioles, capillary beds, venules, veins arterioles, arteries, capillary beds, veins, venules arterioles, arteries, capillary beds, venules, veins arterioles, arteries, venules, veins, capillary beds

arteries, arterioles, capillary beds, venules, veins

The layer of the heart wall synonymous with the visceral layer of the serous pericardium is: endocardium either endocardium or epicardium myocardium parietal layer of the serous pericardium epicardium

epicardium

Which fetal shunt bypasses the lungs by directly connecting the right atrium and the left atrium: ductus venosus ligamentum arteriosum ductus arteriosus foramen ovale umbilical vein

foramen ovale

Which of these events is NOT associated with ventricular systole: blood rushes out of the ventricles pressure in ventricles rises semilunar valves open atrioventricular valves close heart is relaxed

heart is relaxed

What structure divides the left from the right ventricle: interatrial septum chordae tendineae tricuspid valve interventricular septum bicuspid valve

interventricular septum

Theapex of the heart points toward the: right hip left hip umbilicus left shoulder right shoulder

left hip

When the ventricles contract, the bicuspid (mitral) valve prevents blood from flowing from the: right ventricle to the right atrium left ventricle to the right ventricle left ventricle to the left atrium right atrium to the left atrium left atrium to the right atrium

left ventricle to the left atrium

Pulmonary circulation involves blood flow to and from the heart and the: brain skin lungs body digestive organs

lungs

Veins: branch into smaller vessels called arterioles carry blood away from the heart often have valves to prevent the backflow of blood operate under high pressure transport oxygen-rich blood

often have valves to prevent the backflow of blood

The umbilical vein carries: metabolic wastes and carbon dioxide from the placenta to the fetus metabolic wastes and carbon dioxide from the fetus to the placenta oxygen and nutrients from the placenta to the fetus blood from the navel into the inferior vena cava oxygen and nutrients from the fetus to the placenta

oxygen and nutrients from the placenta to the fetus

The friction blood encounters as it flows through the vessels is called: stroke volume blood pressure cardiac output peripheral resistance diastolic pressure

peripheral resistance

Which one of the following blood vessels carries oxygenated blood: superior vena cava pulmonary artery pulmonary vein coronary sinus inferior vena cava

pulmonary vein

The sinoatrial node is located in the: left atrium aorta interventricular septum right atrium right ventricle

right atrium

The tricuspid valve is located between the: left ventricle and aorta right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk right atrium and left atrium left ventricle and pulmonary artery right atrium and right ventricle

right atrium and right ventricle

Which one of the following is true concerning the "lub-dup" sounds of the heart: the first sound is longer and louder and is caused by closure of the tricuspid valve; the second sound is shorter and sharper and is caused by closure of the mitral valve the first sound is shorter and sharper and is caused by closure of the tricuspid valve; the second sound is longer and louder and is caused by closure of the mitral valve the first sound is shorter and sharper and is caused by closure of the semilunar valves; the second sound is longer and louder and is caused by closure of the AV valves the first sound is longer and louder and is caused by closure of the AV valves; the second sound is shorter and sharper and is caused by closure of the semilunar valves they are caused by contraction of the ventricles, followed by contraction of the atria

the first sound is longer and louder and is caused by closure of the AV valves; the second sound is shorter and sharper and is caused by closure of the semilunar valves

Pulmonary veins: split off the pulmonary trunk transport blood rich in carbon dioxide to the lungs transport oxygenated blood to the heart transport oxygenated blood to the lungs return blood to the right atrium of the heart

transport oxygenated blood to the heart

The right AV valve is known as the: aortic semilunar valve pulmonary semilunar valve tricuspid valve bicuspid valve mitral valve

tricuspid valve

Which one is the correct sequence going from the outermost to the innermost layer of a blood vessel wall: tunica media, tunica intima, tunica externa tunica intima, tunica media, tunica externa tunica externa, tunica intima, tunica media tunica externa, tunica media, tunica intima tunica media, tunica externa, tunica intima

tunica externa, tunica media, tunica intima

Which of the following vessels has the lowest blood pressure: veins capillaries arterioles venae cavae arteries

venae cavae

The mitral valve is normally closed: when the atrium is contracting when the ventricle is in diastole by the movement of blood from the atrium to the ventricle when the ventricle is in systole

when the ventricle is in systole