Chapter 11 health gra
What do electrolytes do for our bodies
Minerals that help maintain the body's fluid balance; sodium, chloride, and potassium
Athletes trying to make weight
Stick to a sensible plan that will take off 1/2-1 per week
Bmi formula
Weight in lbs over height in increases squared times 703
What would probably happen if you increased your activity level without eating more food
You would loose weight
Health problems associated with binge eating disorder
Becoming overweight or obese, high blood pressure, type Two diabetes, cardiovascular disease
Teens
Body's calories needs increase to support your growth
Health consequences of anorexia nervosa
Bones may become brittle, body temp, heart rate, and blood pressure may drop, and there may be a reduction in organ size
Keys points to keep in mind when trying to loose weight
Choose nutrient dense foods, watch your portion sizes, eat fewer foods hat are high in fats and added sugars, stay hydrated, be active, tone your muscles, enjoy your favorite foods in moderation
People with lactose intolerance
Consume small portions of milk or get calcium from cheese and yogurt; may have to take lactase
People with diabetes
Control carbohydrates in foods, may have to take insulin
Medical help for eating disorders may involve
Counseling, doctors care, nutritional guidance, hospital stay
Health consequence of bulimia nervosa
Dehydration, sore throat, inflamed throat, swollen glands, teeth become damaged, damage stomach intestines, or kidneys, irregular heart rhythms, heart failure, and death
What is the difference between the number of calories per gram in fat vs. carbohydrates and proteins
Fat has nine calories per gram whole carbs and proteins have four
Teens who want to maintain a healthy diet should
Follow nutrition guidelines of MyPyramid and get regular exercise
Types of fad diets
Miracle foods, magic combinations, liquid diets, diet pills, fasting
Very active people
More calories from nutrient dense foods
People with food allergies
Must avoid foods and food ingredients they are allergic to: check ingredient list
Pregnant women
Need extra calcium, iron, and folic acid, along with more calories from food
Teen athletes
Need from 2000-5000 calories per day, need more protein and carbs, need more calories from nutrient dense foods
Vegetarian Food choices for protein
Nuts, legumes, eggs, and dairy products
Advantages of vegetarian
Pant based foods tend to be lower in saturated fat and cholesterol, and higher in fiber; may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and some cancers
Two ways teens develop their body image
Peers and media
With a fad diet, how might ones weight go
People may lose weight temporarily, but usually regain it after going off of the diet
Disadvantages of vegetarian
Plant based foods tend to be lower in certain nutrients, such as protein, iron, calcium, zinc, and some B vitamins
People with high cholesterol
Reduce intake of saturated fats and trans fats
What are some healthful strategies for gaining weight
Select foods from the five major food groups higher in calories, choose higher calorie, nutrient rich foods, eat nutritious snacks, get regular physical activity
How does exercise that builds muscle help promote loss of body fat
Since muscle tissue takes more calories to maintain than fat, increasing muscle mass means your body will use more calories
Two ways to test your body composition to find out if you are in the appropriate range for weight
Skin fold test or BMI
Factors which affect weight
Age, gender, height, body fame, stage and rate of growth
Performance enhancers
Anabolic steroids, creatine, androstenedione, energy drinks
People with celiac disease
Avoid wheat, rye, barely, oats, pasta, bread, avoid gluten
Anorexia nervosa obsessive behaviors
Avoiding food and meals, eating only a few kinds of food in small amounts, weighing or counting calories in everything they eat, exercising excessively, weighing themselves repeatedly
How many calories equals one lbs of body fat
3500
How are eating disorders classified and what are some contributing factors that can lead to an eating disorder
Eating disorders are classified as mental illnesses and they are often linked to depression, low self esteem, or troubled personal relationships
Three factors that can affect your body's nutrient needs
Factors include age, gender, and activity level
Benefits of regular physical activity
Helps relieve stress, promotes normal appetite response, increases self esteem, helps you feel more energetic
How is binge eating different from bulimia
In bulimia, you compulsively eat and then purge, while in binge, you don't purge the food you eat
Health problems associated with being overweight and obese
Increase risk of heart disease, cancer, asthma, osteoarthritis, gallbladder disease, type two diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hyper tension
People with high blood pressure
Keep salt intake low
Reasons people choose to be vegetarian
Many believe its more healthful, religious reasons, cultural reasons, economic reasons
Healthful strategies for teens to manage their weight
Target a healthy weight, set realistic goals, personalize your plan, put your goals in writing, evaluate your progress
Females
Tend to need less calories than males, have a greater need for some nutrients
Energy balance
The balance between the calories you take in and those you burn
Body composition
The ratio of fat to lean tissue in your body
What should teens do that feel they should lose weight
They should talk to their doctor before starting any diet plan
Dangers of taking megadoses of some dietary supplements
Too much can build up in your body and become toxic
Health problems underweight teens have
Trouble fighting off disease, trouble concentrating, feet weak/tired
When teens go through growth and hormonal changes that affect their body image, what are some helpful solutions
Try to accept yourself the way you are, or talk to a parent or trusted adult about your feelings