Chapter 11

What was one of the key differences between hunting and gathering societies and horticultural societies?

Horticultural societies tended to have more permanent settiements.

What serious social problem might be made worse if more people were encouraged to telecommute?

alienation and loneliness

What is Durkheim's term for a state of normlessness?

anomie

What is the most extreme form of socialism called?

communism

Benny does freelance work from home. What is most likely the best benefit of this arrangement?

flexibility

The invention and widespread iuse of the plow (and later irrigation) launched a economic revolution that is sometimes called the "birth of the modern". This revolution is known as:

Agrarianism

Which of the following is an example of corporate welfare?

All of these could be examples of corporate welfare.

Based on what you read about the Agricultural Revolution, which of the following is true?

Food production was greatly increased by new innovations in farming and animal husbandry

German sociologist Ferdinand Tonnies, in 1887, wrote a work entitled, Gemeinschaft und Gesellschaft, which roughly translates as "Community" and "Society". The United States, given the choice would be considered a ________and Japan would be considered a________

Gesellschaft, Gesellschaft

The cultural and economic changes resulting from dramatically increased international trade and exchange in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries are called:

Globalization.

Which of the following brought about the rapid transformation of social life resulting from the technological and economic developments that began withthe assembly line, steam power, and urbanization?

Industrial Revolution

Which of the following is a characteristic of capitalism?

It is based on the laws of market competition.

T/F The Industrial Revolution changed not only working conditions, but also many other elements of daily life.

True

T/F The economic benefits of outsourcing are gained by businesses, but the disadvantages are felt by workers.

True

Which of the following best describes the economic system found in the United States?

While the United States is a capitalist nation, it also has socialist elements.

A company that hires an engineer in India because she can be paid significantly lower wages than an engineer in the United States is practicing:

outsourcing.

Which of the following is one of the primary principles of capitalism?

privatization of the means of production

The economy is not only about money, but also about:

the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services.

What new technology was integral to the Industrial Revolution?

the steam engine