chapter 12 201

Pituitary dwarfism is caused by a deficiency of:

GH

A diagnostic test which measures plasma glucose control during the preceding 1 to 3 months is:

HbA1c

The abbreviation for Type 1 diabetes mellitus is:

IDDM

The abbreviation for a hormone secreted by the parathyroid glands is

PTH

The abbreviation for a hormone that stimulates the thyroid gland is

TSH

The basic principle of diabetes treatment is to avoid:

abnormal blood sugar levels

A diabetic patient with paresthesia has:

abnormal sensations in the hands and feet

Of the following words, which one has a prefix meaning highest point or extremity?

acromegaly

Which of the following is an enlargement of the head, face, hands, and feet in an adult as a result of excess growth hormone?

acromegaly

Which of the following words has an element meaning highest point or peak?

acromegaly

Which disease/disorder is treated with hormone replacement therapy?

addison disease

Addison disease is caused by:

adrenal gland insufficiency

The removal of a part or the whole of an adrenal gland is:

adrenalectomy

The term thyrotoxicosis means

an abnormal condition of thyroid gland poisoning

Diabetes insipidus (DI) results from a decreased production of _________.

ADH

The anterior lobe of the pituitary gland secretes all of the following hormones EXCEPT

ADH

Which of the following conditions is NOT a diabetic complication?

ALDOSTERONISM

A patient who has diabetes mellitus needs periodic laboratory evaluation of kidney function. Which one of the following tests is specific in determining how well the kidneys are functioning?

BUN

A medical emergency manifested by a state of marked hyperglycemia with dehydration, metabolic acidosis and ketone formation is abbreviated:

DKA

The medical term metabolic acidosis is associated with which condition?

DKA

Untreated hyperglycemia can result in:

Diabetic coma

The prefix in the word parathyroid means:

beside

The _________ is the first organ affected by hypoglycemia.

brain

The suffix in adrenocorticotropic means:

change

a cretin is a

child suffering from severe hypothyroidism

DKA

condition of marked hyperglycemia with dehydration, metabolic acidosis, and ketone production

All of the following are signs or symptoms of hyperthyroidism EXCEPT:

constipation

In the word gluconeogenesis, the suffix means:

creation

A disorder of the thyroid gland which results from a congenital lack of thyroid hormones is called:

cretinism

Adrenocortical hyperfunction most commonly appears as:

cushing syndrome

Hypersecretion of cortisol, resulting in moon face, obesity, osteoporosis, and kidney stones, is termed:

cushing syndrome

The condition resulting from hypersecretion of cortisol, and manifested by a "moon" face, obesity of the trunk, osteoporosis, muscle wasting and weakness, and a reduced resistance to infections is called?

cushing syndrome

A complication of diabetes causing sensory defects with numbness, tingling, and paresthesias in the fingers and toes is called:

diabetic neuropathy

The patient came into the hospital looking very thin. The nurse should document this condition as the patient being:

emaciated

The root in the medical term acromegaly means:

enlargement

The medical term for protrusion of the eyeball is:

exophthalmos

All of the following are signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia EXCEPT:

flushed skin

Which of the following terms means formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate sources?

glucogeogenesis

Which of the following words has an element meaning new?

gluconeogenesis

Which of the following words has a suffix meaning to separate, dissolve?

glycogenolysis

The medical term for an enlargement of the thyroid gland is:

goiter

Which of the following is a term for autoimmune hyperthyroidism?

graves disease

An autoimmune disease with lymphocytic infiltration of the thyroid gland is known as:

hashimoto's

The H in GH and FSH stands for:

hormone

Cushing syndrome is a result of:

hypersecretion of glucocorticoids from the adrenal cortex

A patient arrives to the clinic complaining of unexplained weight loss, diarrhea, and profuse sweating. On exam, the nurse practitioner notices the presence of a goiter. Based on the signs and symptoms, the nurse practitioner suspects:

hyperthyroidism

Which of the following two terms are opposite in meaning?

hypo- and hyper-

Which of the following terms means a low level of sugar in the blood?

hypoglycemia

Which of the following words has a prefix meaning below?

hypothalamus

Thyroid hormone replacement therapy is used to treat which of the following conditions?

hypothyroidism

The suffix -itis means:

inflammation

The medical term thyroiditis means:

inflammation of thyroid gland

Diabetes mellitus is caused by deficiency or ineffectiveness of:

insulin

Symptomatic hypoglycemia is sometimes called:

insulin shock

All of the following are classifications of the different types of insulin EXCEPT:

intermediate acting

In developing countries, a common cause of hypothyroidism is a lack of:

iodine

A chemical formed in uncontrolled diabetes is:

ketone

Which of the following words has a suffix meaning abnormal condition?

ketosis

The physical therapist was unable to ambulate the patient because the patient was extremely drowsy. The physical therapist would document the patient's condition as:

lethargic

The M in DM stands for:

mellitus

A sign of Cushing syndrome is:

moon facies

A condition of severe hypothyroidism seen in an adult is called:

myxedema

All of the following are areas of routine treatment of diabetes EXCEPT:

pancreatectomy

Which of the following words has an element that means beside?

parathyroid

An underproduction of growth hormone from birth leads to a condition known as:

pituitary dwarfism

The root/combining form -toxic/o- means:

poison

Which of the following terms describes the excessive eating associated with hyperglycemia?

polyphagia

One of the classic symptoms of hyperglycemia is:

polyuria

Gestational diabetes occurs in:

pregnancy

In the term paresthesia, the root word means:

sensation

The usual site for the injection of insulin by a patient is:

subcutaneous

Which of the following words means surgical removal of the thyroid gland?

thyroidectomy

The most extreme state of _________ is a life-threatening condition called thyroid storm, in which enormously excessive quantities of thyroid hormones are released into the bloodstream.

thyrotoxicosis

The root in the word polyphagia means:

to eat

The suffix which means stimulation is:

tropin

In the term corticotropin, the suffix is _________ and its meaning is _________.

tropin; stimulate

The type of diabetes mellitus caused by the destruction of pancreatic insulin-producing cells, and found predominantly in people under the age of 30 is known as?

type 1 diabetes

NIDDM

type of diabetes in which injection of insulin is not required

MODY

type of diabetes in which the diabetes is genetically linked and usually found in people under 55 years of age

IDDM

type of diabetes in which the patient must inject insulin