Chapter 12 Assignment - Human Anatomy

Place the parts of the brainstem from most inferior at the top to most superior at the bottom.

1. Medulla oblongata 2. Pons 3. Midbrain

Identify the three layers of meninges. Arachnoid mater Dura mater Pia mater Vertebral mater Spinal mater

Arachnoid mater Pia mater Dura mater

Place the following events in order for the flow of CSF. Start with the lateral ventricles.

CSF from the lateral ventricles flows through the interventricular foramen into the third ventricle CSF from the third ventricle enters the cerebral aqueduct Fluid from the fourth ventricle exits into the subarachnoid space CSF is reabsorbed through the arachnoid granulations

The sulcus that separates the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe is the __________ sulcus.

Central

The part of the brain that is important in maintaining posture and equilibrium and is attached to the brainstem posterior to the pons is the _______.

Cerebellum

what part of the brain integrates information about the position of the body's parts and sends out signals that coordinate skeletal muscle movements?

Cerebellum

The fluid that bathes the brain and spinal cord and provides a protective cushions around the CNS is ___________ fluid.

Cerebrospinal fluid or CSF

What is the largest portion of the brain and is approximately 1200g in females and 1400g in males?

Cerebrum

Identify the four basic divisions of the brain.

Cerebrum Brainstem Cerebellum Diencephalon

What are the basic functions of the cerebrum?

Controls conscious perception Controls thought Controls conscious motor activity

The largest commissure of the brain that connects the right and left cerebral hemispheres is the _________________-

Corpus callosum

What area of the brain is between the brainstem and cerebrum?

Diencephalon

What are the functions of the frontal lobe? Evaluation of vision Evaluation of smell Control of heart rate Decision making Voluntary motor function Mood

Evaluation of smell Decision making Voluntary motor function Mood

True or False The pons is largely responsible for the control of skeletal muscle activity.

False

The lobe of the cerebrum responsible for motor functions is the __________ love while visual sensations are processed in the _________ lobe

Frontal Occipital

Which lobe of the cerebrum is responsible for voluntary motor function, motivation, aggression , sense of smell, and decision making? Parietal lobe Occipital lobe Frontal lobe Temporal lobe

Frontal lobe

The cerebral cortex is a thin layer of ______ matter.

Grey

What are the ridges of convolutions seen on the surface of the cerebrum?

Gyri

Major center for maintaining homeostasis and regulates endocrine function.

Hypothalamus

The part of the diencephalon that is directly involved in regulating thirst, hunger, and sex drive behaviors is the _____

Hypothalamus

What part of the brain regulate fundamental behaviors such as thirst, hunger, and reproduction?

Hypothalamus

Which of the following cranial nerves are associated with the midbrain? IV VI III V

IV III V

Identify the blood vessels that supply blood to the brain. Internal carotid arteries External carotid arteries Vertebral Arteries

Internal carotid arteries Vertebral arteries

What are the functions of the midbrain?

Involved in maintaining muscle tone and coordinating movements Reflex movements of the head, eyes, and body towards visual, auditory, or tactile stimuli. Aids in unconscious regulation and coordination of motor activities.

Which of the following is the function of the brainstem?

It is a critical center for essential survival reflexes, and even small areas of destruction can be fatal

Controls autonomic responses to smell, emotion, mood, and memory.

Limbic system

The group of structures in the brain involved with emotions and memory is the ______. reticular formation limbic system basal nuclei

Limbic system

Center for autonomic reflexes such as heart rate and breathing

Medulla Oblongata

What part of the brainstem that contains the cardiac center, vasomotor center, and respiratory center?

Medulla Oblongata

Which component of the brainstem contains reflex centers for heart rate, breathing, swallowing, and vomiting?

Medulla Oblongata

The three layers of membrane that surround and protect the brain and spinal cord are called the __________.

Meninges

What are the membranes that surround and protect the brain and spinal cord?

Meninges

Serves as a visual reflex center

Midbrain

Which component of the brainstem serves as a visual reflex center and is part of the auditory pathway? pons corpus callosum midbrain medulla oblongata

Midbrain

Support cells for ensuring the neurons remain healthy are called __________.

Neuroglia

The lobe of the cerebrum that contains the visual centers is the __________ lobe.

Occipital

The lobe of the cerebrum that receives and evaluates general senses (touch, pain, etc.) is the _________ lobe.

Parietal

Cranial nerves V, VI, VII, and VIII are all associated with what region of the brainstem?

Pons

Has several critical centers that control sleep-related behaviors and respiration, among other functions

Pons

Relays information between the cerebrum and the cerebellum.

Pons

What is the area of brainstem that forms a prominent bulge on the anterior aspect of the brainstem?

Pons

Identify the components of the brainstem. select all that apply. pons midbrain medulla oblongata cerebellum

Pons Midbrain Medulla Oblongata

What are the functions of cerebrospinal fluid? select all that apply. Provides nutrients to CNS tissues Transmits nerve impulses to the brainstem Divides the brain into right and left hemispheres Protects the brain against the shock of rapid head movements

Provides nutrients to CNS tissues Protects the brain against the shock of rapid head movements

Identify the function of the parietal lobe of the cerebrum Receives and evaluates input for vision Receives and evaluates input for hearing and smell Important in voluntary motor function, motivation, and aggression Receives and evaluates general senses (touch, pain, etc.)

Receives and evaluates general senses (touch, pain, etc)

What are the functions of the temporal lobe? Receives and integrates auditory input Receives and integrates visual input Receives and integrates input for smell Plays a role in memory and abstract thought Controls voluntary motor functions

Receives and integrates auditory output Receives and integrates input for smell Plays a role in memory and abstract thought

What is the function of the occipital lobe?

Receives and integrates visual output

What is the function of the blood brain barrier?

Regulate passage of materials from the blood into the cerebrospinal fluid and the brain

Correctly choose the functions of the hypothalamus. Select all that apply. Regulates body temperature Controls muscles responsible for swallowing Maintains muscle balance Controls feelings of fear and rage Regulates the pituitary gland Controls voluntary motor functions

Regulates body temperature Controls muscles responsible for swallowing Controls feelings of fear and rage Regulates the pituitary gland

Identify the functions of the hypothalamus. Select all that apply

Regulates sleep-wake cycle Controls body temperature Regulates movement of food through the digestive tract Regulates heart rate Controls hunger and thirst

Correctly choose the functions of the hypothalamus.

Regulates the pituitary gland Controls muscles responsible for swallowing Regulates body temperature Controls feelings of fear and range

Identify the part of the brainstem that is a network of nerve fibers and associated islands of gray matter which acts to filter incoming signals and to arouse the cerebral cortex.

Reticular formation

What are the gyri of the cerebrum?

Ridges of tissue

Extends inferiorly from the brainstem and is not a component of the brain

Spinal cord

Identify the structures of the diencephalon.

Subthalamus Epithalamus Hypothalamus Thalamus

Identify the structure of the brain that functions as the major sensory relay station.

Thalamus

Major sensory relay center

Thalamus

The major sensory relay center of the brain is the ______

Thalamus

What is the largest portion of the diencephalon and consists of two clusters of nuclei connected in the midline by an intermediate mass?

Thalamus

True or False The brainstem is responsible for many essential functions, including many reflexes essential for survival.

True

True or False The thalamus constitutes the largest portion of the diencephalon.

True

True or False The thalamus constitutes the largest portion of the diencephalon/

True

The cavities in the brain that store cerebrospinal fluid are the ____________.

Ventricles

The internal carotid arteries and the vertebral arteries supply blood to the _______. brain meninges spinal cord

brain

The area of the brain called the diencephalon is between the _____ and the cerebrum.

brainstem

The area of the brain called the diencephalon is between the ______ and the cerebrum

brainstem

The medulla oblongata is part of the

brainstem

The stalk-like lower portion of the brain upon which is the cerebrum is perched is the ____.

brainstem

controls muscle movement and tone and maintains balance

cerebellum

the large portion of the brain dorsal to the brainstem and inferior to the cerebrum; responsible for equilibrium, motor coordination, and memory of learned motor skills

cerebellum

the part of the brain that is important in maintaining posture and equilibrium and is attached to the brainstem posterior to the pons is the ________.

cerebellum

the superficial layer of gray matter surrounding the cerebral hemispheres

cerebral cortex

Ventricles of the brain contain __________.

cerebrospinal fluid

The part of the brain that controls conscious perception, thought, and motor activity is the ______.

cerebrum

what is the largest portion of the brain?

cerebrum

The region of the brain that immediately surrounds the third ventricle.

diencephalon

The thalamus, subthalamus, epithalamus, and the hypothalamus are parts of the

diencephalon

The thalamus, subthalamus, epithalamus, and the hypothalamus are parts of the ________.

diencephalon

voluntary motor functions, aggression, and mood

frontal lobe

the most inferior portion of the diencephalon is the ________

hypothalamus

the hypothalamus is the most _____ portion of the )______.

inferior, diencephalon

The group of structures within the brain that are important in emotions and memory is called the __________ system

limbic

The _______________ is the indentation that separates the right and left hemispheres of the cerebrum/

longitudinal fissure

The structure that separates the right and left hemispheres of the cerebrum is the _______.

longitudinal fissure

Cranial nerves III, IV, and V are functionally associated with the ______.

midbrain

The component of the brainstem that serves as a visual reflex center and is part of the auditory pathway is the _______.

midbrain

The most superior part of the brainstem is the

midbrain

The most superior part of the brainstem is the _______.

midbrain

evaluates visual sensations

occipital lobe

evaluates general senses

parietal lobe

Cerebrum

part of the brain that controls conscious perception, thought, and motor activity.

Nuclei for cranial nerves V, VI, and VII are all associated with the ____ of the brainstem.

pons

Regulation of rapid eye movement during sleep, and respiration are some of the functions of the ______.

pons

The ______ gyrus is the location of the somatosensory cortex

postcentral

The ___________ gyrus is the location of the primary motor cortex

precentral

Controls cyclic activities such as the sleep-wake cycle

reticular formation

The grooves between the raised areas on the surface of the cerebrum are called _______ gyri sulci gyrus commissures

sulci

Shallow grooves found all over the surface of the cerebrum are called _______

sulci or sulcus

evaluates olfactory and auditory sensations

temporal lobe

the majority of the diencephalon is made up of the

thalamus