Chapter 12 Mkt 774 quiz

labeling and product content

"Frankenfoods" (genetically modified foods) are among the most controversial global marketing problems with respect to _____________ issues.

bundle of satisfactions that the buyer receives.

A product is more than a physical item. It is also characterized as being:

homologation

A product may have to change in a number of ways to meet the physical or mandatory requirements of a new market (i.e., the new market's local product and service standards). Which of the following terms is used globally to describe this change process?

relative

A product's ____________ advantage is the perceived marginal value of the new product compared to the old

brand

A successful ___________ is the most valuable resource a company has.

introduction of an idea or product and its widespread adoption.

According to Everett Rogers, the goal of the diffusion researcher and the marketer are to shorten the time lag between:

they receive greater manufacturer advertising budgets.

All of the following can be considered to be advantages of private brands that appear in foreign markets EXCEPT:

innovation

An _____________ is any idea perceived as new by a group of people.

he degree of newness as perceived by the intended market.

An important first step in adapting a product to a foreign market is to determine:

country-of-origin effect.

Any influence that the company of manufacture, assembly, or design has on a consumer's positive or negative perception of a product is called the:

packaging component

Apple Computer had difficulties when it first entered the Japanese market with its Macintosh computers. Some of the computers were returned unused after customers found the wrapping on the instruction manual damaged. Though this would probably be no big deal in the U.S., it was certainly a cause for concern in quality-conscious Japan. To fix the problem, Apple needed to concentrate on which of the following components of the product component model?

heterogeneity

Because a service is individually produced and is virtually unique, the service is said to have:

inseparability

Because a service's creation cannot be separated from its consumption, the service is said to have:

Use global brands where possible and national where necessary.

Britain is the largest candy market in Europe. American made Snickers candy bars are sold in Britain under the name Marathon to avoid confusion with the word knickers--a name for women's underpants. This is an example of the brand strategy of:

compatibility.

Carolyn is interested in marketing her company's diet products in Asia. She is studying what acceptable behavior, norms, and values in Asian markets. Carolyn is studying ___________________.

global

Coca-Cola is classified as a ___________ brand; in fact, it is number one in the world.

American chocolate

Consumers have broad but somewhat vague stereotypes about specific countries and specific product categories that they judge "best." Which of the following would not fit in the "best" stereotype scheme?

trialability.

Fiona asked her product manager for samples to give to potential consumers in Madrid, her new European market. Fiona is trying to reduce the degree of economic and/or social risk, or ________________ associated with product use.

protectionism

Four kinds of barriers face consumer services marketers in the global marketplace. Which of the following of these barriers is in force when a foreign market requires that services (such as banking or insurance) originate within the foreign market itself and not from outside sources?

an innovation.

From a sociological viewpoint, any idea perceived as new by a group of people is:

licensing, franchising, or direct investment

How do the vast majority of services enter a foreign market?

uniform worldwide image

Ideally, a global brand gives a company a ______________________ that enhances efficiency and cost savings when introducing other products associated with the brand name.

core component

If a company wished to alter a product's platform so that the product could be manufactured in a variety of forms to meet local differences in five different foreign markets, the __________ of the product component model would be component that would be in consideration.

country-of-origin

If a consumer does choose to buy products from the United States solely for the reason that the products were produced in the United States, then the consumer would be encountering the ______________ effect when making purchase decisions.

ethnocentrism

In Russia products are placed into two categories--"ours" and imported." This is an example of:

independent service providers

In developing countries where possiblities for repair and maintenance is not widely available, __________ can be used to enhance brand and product quality.

homologation

In many countries the term product __________ is used to describe the changes mandated by local product and service standards.

support services component

In some countries maintenance of automobiles is not the norm. Cars are not repaired until they break down. Since the consumer is automatically angry with the manufacturer when something goes wrong with the car, repair and maintenance has become a concern of the various automobile manufacturers in this market. In which of the following components of the product component model would management need to make improvement if problems such as the one above are going to be solved?

observability.

Ingrid is developing promotional materials and product demonstrations to easily communicate the benefits of her cleaning products. Ingrid is trying to enhance the ______________ of her products.

Color televisions were available in 1949 but not widely accepted in the market until 1985.

Innovative product ideas reach markets with varying rates of diffusion based on the time variable. All of the following are actual examples of this phenomenon EXCEPT:

support services component

Installation, repair and maintenance, deliveries, and warranties are all found in which of the following components of the product component model used in the text?

intangibility

Insurance, dry cleaning, and hotel accommodations have intrinsic value resulting from a process, a performance, or an occurrence that only exists while it is being created. Which of the following characteristics of services best matches to the above?

complexity

Mark Harmon has found that using his new digital camera is a snap. He did not even have to read the instruction manual to determine how to turn the camera on, snap a digital picture, and export the picture to his computer. The signs (symbols) on the camera body made it very clear what he was to do to achieve digital photography success. Which of the following characteristics of Mark's "new product" made it easy for him to begin his digital experience?

perishability

Mark Townes is a dentist in Denver. During a four-day stretch in March, the snows in Denver were so bad that not one single patient was able to come for appointments with Dr. Townes. Since all of the appointments were missed, he made absolutely no money for the four days even though all of his normal expenses were still there. This difficulty illustrates one of a service's four distinct characteristics. Which area listed below is the best match?

quality.

Market-perceived quality and performance quality are both dimensions of the definition of:

green marketing

McDonald's has just required that all of its paper packages that are used to contain its food products be biodegradable, contain no harmful inks, and be recyclable whenever possible. This would be an example of which of the following marketing strategies?

at the very core of business identity and strategy.

Microsoft, IBM, and Nokia know that brand image is:

newness

Often, a first step in adapting a product to a foreign market is to determine the degree of ___________ as perceived by the intended market.

support services component

One of the early problems faced by BMW when it attempted to market its line of automobiles in the United States was a severe shortage of spare parts. If BMW's management makes the decision to correct this problem, in which of the following components of the product component model would management need to make improvement?

homologation

Product ___________ is used to describe the changes mandated by local product and service standards.

barriers

Protectionism, controls on transborder data flows, protection of intellectual property, and cultural requirements for adaptation are examples of ___________ faced by consumer services marketers.

market perceived; performance

Quality can be defined on two dimensions, _____________ and _______________ quality.

market-perceived quality; performance quality

Quality can be defined on two dimensions: ____________ and ______________.

cultural requirements for adaptation

Red Lobster seafood restaurant is considering opening branch operations in China. However, the restaurant chain's labor union has already pointed out a potential problem with this expansion. In China, service providers would find it to be in bad taste to allow employees to collect tips for service. Since a great portion of a typical wait-staff person's compensation comes in the form of tips, the union would like to know how employees would be compensated for this loss. The above example illustrates which of the following barriers a consumer services marketer faces in a foreign market?

support services

Reginald is concerned with maintenance, repair and spare parts for his company's computers. He is concerned with the __________ component of its product component model.

intangible

Services are ___________ because they (the services) cannot be touched.

heterogeneous

Services are classified as being ____________ because they are individually produced and are virtually unique.

profitability

Services, whether directed toward the domestic or foreign market, have four distinct characteristics. Which of the following is not one of those distinct characteristics?

core component

Simone Francis is a specialist in product design. She is responsible for a product's aesthetic as well as functional appearance. With respect to the product component model shown in the text, in which of the following component categories would Simone's talents most likely be used?

throughout its lifecycle or from manufacturing to disposal

The European Commission (EC guidelines for eco-labeling require evaluation of a product's significant environmental effects _______________________.

packaging

The ________ component of the product component model consists of trademarks, brand names, legal, price, quality, package, and styling.

Internet

The ___________ is accelerating the pace of globalization of brands.

core component

The ___________ of the product component model consists of the product platform, design features, functional features, and legal.

Internet

The ____________ and other technologies are accelerating the pace of the globalization of brands.

newness

The degree of __________ newness of an object is considered to be an extraneous variable that effects the rate of diffusion of an object.

communicate

The method used to __________ the idea of an object is considered to be an extraneous variable that effects the rate of diffusion of an object.

attributes

The perceived __________ of the innovation is considered to be an extraneous variable that effects the rate of diffusion of an object.

physical attributes--such as an engine and tires

The primary function of an automobile is to move passengers from point A to point B. Which of the following are generally required to create the primary function of an automobile?

the diffusion process.

The process by which an innovation spreads is called:

diffusion

The process by which innovation spreads is called product __________.

core component

The product platform, design features, and functional features are all found in which of the following components of the product component model used in the text?

conversion ability

The success of a firm taking inventions to market can be stated as __________.

global brand.

The worldwide use of a name, term, sign, symbol, design, or combination thereof intended to identify goods or services of one seller and to differentiate them from those of competitors is called a/an:

damage during distribution processing

Though most products leave the factory at performance quality the products are often received by a consumer in a less-than-perfect condition. This situation is usually attributable to which of the following?

relative advantage.

Veronica's research indicates consumers in the targeted country perceive little marginal value from new product relative to the old product. Her company's product has a small _________________.

the European Commission (EC)

Which of the following countries or organizations requires that packaging material through all levels of distribution, from manufacturer to consumer, be recycled or reused?

whiskey and beer in Ireland.

Which of the following does NOT illustrates how products (product concepts) have been rejected by cultures because they did not meet the norms, values, or behavior patterns of the culture?

the degree of perceived newness

Which of the following is considered to be one of the extraneous variables that effect the rate of diffusion of an object?

the method used to communicate the idea

Which of the following is considered to be one of the extraneous variables that effect the rate of diffusion of an object?

the perceived attributes of the innovation

Which of the following is considered to be one of the extraneous variables that effect the rate of diffusion of an object?

new ideas are automatically placed in an incubation zone.

Which of the following is not one of the Everett Rogers crucial elements in the diffusion of new ideas?

the method used to communicate the idea

Which of the following variables is known to affect the rate of diffusion for a product or an idea?

Green marketing

___________ is a term used to identify concern with the environmental consequences of a variety of marketing activities.

Green

___________ marketing is a term used to identify concern with the environmental consequences of a variety of marketing activities.

Diffusion

_____________ research is research on the process by which innovations spread to the members of a social system.