Chapter 12: The Reconstruction Era

Constitutional provision forbidding any state to deny suffrage on the basis of race, color, or previous condition of:

15th Amendment

The Radical Republicans rejected the ten percent plan because they believed that

African Americans should be granted full citizenship

Laws that sought to limit the rights of African Americans:

Black codes

Agreement that led to the withdrawal of federal troops from the South:

Compromise of 1877

What action did Congress take to support Southern African Americans?

Congress overturned Johnson's vetoes on major Reconstruction legislation

Legislation making it a federal offense to interfere with a citizen's right to vote:

Enforcement Acts

How did Hayes's election effectively end Reconstruction?

Federal intervention ended in the South

Organization that provided food, clothing, healthcare, and education for Southern refugees:

Freedman's Bureau

During his presidency, Ulysses S. Grant

Gave high-level advisory posts to untrustworthy friends and acquaintances

Who ran against Grant in 1872 as the Liberal Republican Party candidate?

Horace Greeley

One success of Reconstruction was the

Introduction of a tax-supported public school system in the South

Which event led the House of Representatives to impeach President Johnson?

Johnson's attempt to fire Secretary of War Edwin Stanton

Organization that used violence to intimidate people:

Ku Klux Klan

Which of the following was a key problem with the sharecropping system?

Landowners could lie about expenses to keep sharecroppers in debt

Southern politicians who worked to unite white Southerners to regain power in Congress:

Redeemers

What did Republicans gain from the Compromise of 1877?

Rutherford B. Hayes became president

System in which landowners provided farmers with housing and supplies in exchange for a share of the crop raised:

Sharecropping

What was the outcome of the impeachment proceedings against President Johnson?

The House impeached the president, but the Senate failed to remove him

Why was a plan for reconstruction of the south needed?

The constitution provided no guidance on secession or readmission of states

By the end of the 1860s, Northern support for Reconstruction had faded because

The cost of military operations in the South worried many people

Which idea was a part of Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction?

The southern states had never really left the union

How were violators of the Enforcement Act of 1870 punished?

They were fined at least $500 and imprisoned for a minimum of one month.

What did Johnson require states to do to regain membership in the Union?

Voters had to ratify the Thirteenth Amendment, and state constitutions had to ban slavery.

Legislation requiring a majority of a state's prewar voters to swear loyalty to the Union before restoration could begin:

Wade-Davis Bill

In the years immediately following the Civil War, the South

became a stronghold of the Republican Party

Northerners who moved South to improve their economic or political situation:

carpetbaggers

In the system of share-tenancy, farmworkers

had more control over their crops and supplies than was true in sharecropping

The Republican party became strong in the South, in part because

millions of Southern African American men became voters

Southern Democrats appealed to small farmers by

pointing out that building roads and schools resulted in higher taxes

Reconstruction was successful in

raising African Americans' expectations of their right to citizenship

During Reconstruction, most African American families in the South

remained in rural areas, where they worked at jobs such as lumbering or farming

During the 1870s, Supreme Court decisions

restricted the scope of the 14th Amendment

One of President Lincoln's first major goals for Reconstruction was to

reunify the nation

The Fifteenth Amendment affected the women's suffrage movement by

splitting the movement

The ten percent plan required that

ten percent of a state's voters take a loyalty oath to the union

By the end of the Civil War,

the South's economy had been destroyed

What did the Enforcement Act of 1870 make illegal?

the use of force or coercion to prevent citizens from voting

During Reconstruction, groups such as the Ku Klux Klan

used violence to prevent freed people from voting

President Johnson's plan for Reconstruction required

wealthy planters and Confederate leaders to apply for pardons