Chapter 12

Interneurons are also called ________________.

association neurons

If soma contains lots of endoplasmic reticulum, it is called

Nissl bodies

Gaps between Schwann cells are called _________________.

Nodes of Ranvier

Which of the following is not a PNS tissue? a) Ganglion b) Nucleus c) Nerves d) A and B

Nucleus

_________________ are cells that help maintain neurons.

Nueroglia

The images in question 45 depict the structural classification based on a) Shape and form b) Number of soma c) Number of processes d) Number of dendrites

Number of Processes

_________________ nervous system is composed of nerves, ganglia, enteric plexuses, receptors.

Peripheral

_______________________ system and ___________________ are 2 parts of the nervous system.

Peripheral nervous system (pns) and central nervous system (cns)

Resting potential is slightly _____________ outside of cell

Positive

Changes in polarization of membrane produce signals (t/f)

True

Membrane ion channels in neurons allow ions such as Na+ to enter cell at the right time which Initiates/propagates electrical signaling (t/f)

True

Microglia are small with spiny projections (t/f)

True

Myelination of the axons increases the speed of electrical signals. (t/f)

True

Neurotransmitters cause an electrical signal (t/f)

True

Neurotransmitters must be broken down to stop the signal (t/f)

True

Oligodendrocytes surround parts of several axons in CNS (t/f)

True

Schwann cells surround axons in the PNS (t/f)

True

Stimulation causes neurotransmitter release (t/f)

True

all neurons have resting membrane potential. (t/f)

True

___________________ channels respond to electrical stimulus

Voltage gated

Neurons touch each others in order to transmit the signal. (t/f)

False

Newborns' nerves have overproduction of myelin sheath on their neurons. (t/f)

False

Sensory neurons are also called _______________. a) Efferent b) Interneuron c) Afferent d) B and C

Afferent

Which of following is not what neurons do? a) Respond to stimuli by converting to electrical impulse b) Senses; thinking; memory; control muscles & glands c) Cannot undergo mitotic division d) All are correct.

All are correct

The neuron cell is made up of which of the following parts? a) Axon b) Dendrites c) Nucleus d) All of the above

All of the above

_____________ part of PNS Controls smooth & cardiac muscle and glands a) Somatic b) Autonomic c) Enteric d) Enteroautonmic

Autonomic

Sensory information from visceral is done by

Autonomic Nervous system

Smooth muscles are controlled by _______________. a) SNS b) ANS c) ENS d) All of the above

Autonomic Nervous system

______________ Propagates impulses away from the neuron. a) Axon b) Dentrite c) Soma d) Synapse

Axon

_______________ produce action potentials and propagate impulses away from the ________. a) Dendrite; neuron b) Neuron; dendrite c) Axon; neuron d) Axon; dendrite

Axon, Neuron

_________________ neurons connect afferent and efferent neurons a) Efferent b) Afferent c) Association d) Interneuron e) C and D

C and D, they are the same

Most signals stimulating effectors originate in the ____________ nervous system

Central Nervous System (cns)

______________ recives stimuli and transmits action potential to _______________. a) Dendrite; soma b) Soma; dendrite c) Axon; soma d) Axon; dendrite

Dendrite, soma

Which of the following is not a type of neuroglia? a) Dendrocytes b) Astrocytes c) Oligodendrocytes d) PNS ganglia

Dendrocytes

Motor neurons are also called _______________. a) Efferent b) Interneuron c) Afferent d) B and C

Efferent

Which of the following is a part of peripheral nervous system? a) Midbrain b) Thalamus c) Enteric d) Hypothalamus

Enteric

___________________ part of PNS controls smooth muscle in most of the gastrointestinal tract a) Somatic b) Autonomic c) Enteric d) Enteroautonomic

Enteric

Schwann cells wrap around axons many times in CNS

False, PNS

Astrocytes produce myelin sheath in CNS. (t/f)

False, oligodendrocytes

Electrical signals jumps across the synapse (t/f)

False, they cannot

1. Which of the following is not a phase of an action potential? a) Depolarization b) Repolarization c) Hypopolarization d) Hyperpolarization

Hypopolerization

Which of the following is not a function of nervous system? a) Integration b) Sensation c) Motor d) Inclusion e) A and B and D

Inclusion

________________ means nervous system processing senses/determines responses.

Integration

____________ channels allow ion diffusion, particularly K+

Leak

In _______________________ channels Neurotransmitters trigger response

Ligand-Gated

_________________________ channels respond to a chemical ligand

Ligand-gated

______________________ channels Respond to mechanical stimulus

Mechanically Gated

Which of the following is not a type of neuroglia? a) Microglia b) Schwann cells c) Satellite cells d) Mirobiome e) Ependymal cells

Mirobiome

When integration elicits motor response from effectors, this function is called ____________.

Motor

Which of the following is a not part of peripheral nervous system? a) Somatic b) Nerves c) Autonomic d) Enteric

Nerves

Which of the following is not a CNS tissue? a) Nucleus b) Tracts c) White matter d) Grey matter e) Nerves

Nerves

bundle of axons in Peripheral nervous system is called____________.

Nerves

________________ are excitable cells in nervous tissue.

Neurons

____________ and ______________ are 2 types of cells in nervous tissue.

Neurons and nueroglia

Which of the following is not the right match? a) Neurons_ undergo mitotic division b) Neuroglia _ undergo mitotic division a) Neurons_ Senses; thinking; memory; control muscles & glands c) Neuroglia _ help maintain neurons

Neurons undergo mitotic division

_____________ monitor stimuli and relay signals

Receptors

Voluntary muscle contractions are controlled by_______________. a) SNS b) ANS c) ENS d) All of the above

SNS

________________ "feed" neurons

Satellite cells

________________ cells produce the myelin sheath around the axons.

Schwann cells

_____________ means that receptors receive/detect stimuli, and Information is transferred to brain or spinal cord.

Sensation

Neurons come in which different type(s)?

Sensory and motor

Cell body of the neuron is called ______________.

Soma

____________ of a neuron contains a nucleus, cytoplasm, and organelles

Soma

____________ part of PNS Controls voluntary muscle contraction a) Somatic b) Autonomic c) Enteric d) Eneroautonomic

Somatic

_______________________ and __________________ are 2 division of autonomic nervous system.

Sympathetic and parasympathetic

________________________ contain neurotransmitters.

Synaptic Vesticles

The direction of action potential in sensory neurons is a) Toward CNS b) Away from CNS c) Both away and toward CNS d) There is no action potential in CNS

Toward CNS

Which of the following is not a type of ion channel? a) Leak channel b) Ligand-gated channel c) Mechanically-gated channel d) Transmitter channel e) Voltage-gated channel

Transmitter channel

___________ help integrate sensory and motor functions a) Efferent b) Afferent c) Association d) Interneuron e) C and D

e

________________ cells produce cerebrospinal fluid in CNS

ependymal cells

What is the basic unit of the nervous system?

neuron

________________ myelinate axons of the CNS

oligodendrocytes

______________ is the junction between neurons.

synapse