Chapter 13

What is a NAS?

A file-level storage device that can be accessed on a network

Software as a Service (SaaS)

A service that focuses on application delivery

Platform as a Service (PaaS)

A service that focuses on application development on any desired platform utilizing cloud computing

How has virtualization helped the personal computing world?

A user can run virtual machines of various Windows operating systems as well as Linux at the same time.

What is Hyper-V?

A virtualization program provided by Microsoft

Hyper-V

A virtualization program that is part of Windows operating systems

Private

Allows multiple VMs running at the same time to communicate with each other

External

Allows the VM to access all resources available to the physical network, including the host machine and the Internet

Internal

Allows the VM to communicate with the host machine only and not the Internet

host machine

Another name for a physical machine

guest machine

Another name for a virtual computer

cloud

Another name for the Internet

NIST defines "blank" as a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction.

Cloud computing

vMotion

Different vendor options for moving a designated host server in the event of a physical server failure

iSCSI (Internet Small Computer Systems Interface)

Enables the SCSI protocol to communicate over IP networks

FCoE (Fibre Channel over Ethernet)

Encapsulates Fibre Channel packets and sends them over a 10Gbps or higher Ethernet LAN

SaaS (Software as a Service)

Focuses on application delivery Eliminates the need to install and run applications on individual computers

PaaS (Platform as a Service)

Focuses on application development by utilizing cloud computing

IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service)

Focuses on the facilities in the data center\ Allows for more effective sharing of the underlying physical resources Encompasses the computing power of servers, storage, network elements, power, and cooling Allows an organization to create virtualized servers in the cloud

Which of the following are type 1 hypervisors?

Hyper-V VMware ESX

With virtualization and dispersed data centers, systems will be up and available to users as long as they have what?

Internet access

The following are correct statements about a virtual switch

It can be created inside a VM host. It establishes connections between the virtual network and the physical network. The vSwitch (standard virtual switch) is a typical virtual switch that is dedicated to one specific host VM. The dvSwitch (distributed virtual switch) can span multiple host VMs, connecting their virtual networks together. A dvSwitch should be able to communicate with its central control plane.

Why is a 64-bit architecture an improvement with computer processing? List three reasons.

It can compute twice as many bits in one clock cycle. It increases the maximum supported RAM. It can run more programs and support more users at the same time

Which of the following are true of Fibre Channel over Ethernet (FCoE)?

It encapsulates packets and sends them over a 10Gbps or higher Ethernet LAN It is recommended to enable the jumbo frame function on switch ports.

Which of the following is true of Software as a Service (SaaS)?

It focuses on application delivery.

Which of the following is true of Platform as a Service (PaaS)?

It focuses on application development on any desired platform utilizing cloud computing.

Which of the following is true of Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)?

It focuses on the facilities and infrastructure within the data center and the virtualization and abstraction layer that exists on top of the physical facilities and infrastructure.

How has virtualization helped companies?

It has brought a more cost-effective way to provide server management and maintenance. Instead of buying different servers for different services, only one server has to be purchased. For example, a server with two 18-core processors, 24 units of 32GB RAM, and four 6TB hard drives will yield the computing resources of 36 processors, 768GB of RAM, and 24TB of storage space. An additional benefit of virtualization is that it reduces the physical footprint of servers.

What is a cache relative to a computer?

It is a block of memory set aside for temporary storage of information

What is a cloud service?

It is an outsourced and hosted computing environment that delivers IT services to users via a network.

A network technician is experiencing an error when trying to install MAC OSX in the virtual environment. What has the network technician forgotten?

It is not possible to use MAC OSX in a virtual environment.

What does it mean to outsource services?

It means that goods or services are obtained from an outside place rather than from an internal source

A virtual machine was created with 8GB of RAM and 100GB of hard drive space. Which operating system can maximize all of its hardware abstraction potential?

Linux RedHat 7 64-bit Windows 10 64-bit

Type 1 hypervisor

Loaded directly on the hardware to abstract the hardware to the virtualization layer Commonly used on servers Sometimes called a bare-metal hypervisor

Type 2 hypervisor

Loaded on an operating system Abstracts the virtualization layer through its host operating system Commonly used on personal computers Sometimes called a hosted hypervisor

What is Live Migration?

Microsoft's option for moving a designated host server in the event of a physical server failure

NAS

Network Attached Storage

What limitation is there for the MAC OS environment and virtualization?

No hypervisor is capable of virtualizing MAC OS.

Hybrid cloud

Offers a combination of at least one private cloud and one public cloud

Community cloud

Offers two or more organizations exclusive access to the infrastructure and computing resources

Private cloud

Operated by the organization and made available only to members of the organization

Public cloud

Owned and operated by the cloud service company but made available for general public use

IB (Infiniband)

Provides high performance and high throughput with low latency

A physical host machine has four quad-core CPUs, 16GB of RAM, 1TB of hard drive space, and two 1Gbps NICs. If you need to create four Windows 2008 servers, what is the first bottleneck that you should upgrade?

RAM

SLA

Service Level Agreement

hypervisor

Software that is used for managing and controlling the underlying physical hardware and associated virtual hardware

What is required to make email flow properly to the cloud?

The MX record must be changed to the cloud email servers

CNAME (canonical name) record

The canonical name record, used to specify that a domain name is an alias for another domain

What is the core relative to a computer?

The core is an independent processing unit, which is responsible for reading and executing program instructions

MX (mail exchange) record

The mail exchange record, which points to the incoming email servers of the organization

What is Internet Small Computer Systems Interface (iSCSI)? What TCP ports does it use?

This technology enables the SCSI protocol to communicate over IP networks. iSCSI uses TCP ports 860 and 3260.

What is a type 1 hypervisor?

This type of hypervisor is loaded directly on the hardware to abstract the hardware to the virtualization layer and is commonly used on servers.

What is type 2 hypervisor?

This type of hypervisor is loaded on an operating system and abstracts the virtualization layer through its host operating system and is commonly used on personal computers.

FC (Fibre Channel)

Uses fiber-optic cables to connect the storage devices into a Fibre Channel network

VM

Virtual Machine

In what situations should you run a type 2 hypervisor?

When running on a laptop When running on Mac hardware

cache

a block of memory set aside for temporary storage of information

Virtualization

a technology concept that involves creating a virtual computer

Core

an independent processing unit that is responsible for reading and executing program instructions

cloud service/cloud computing

an outsourced and hosted computing environment that delivers IT services to users via a network

Outsourcing

obtaining goods or services from an outside source rather than an internal source

SAN

storage area network

VMM

virtual machine monitor