Chapter 13 animal diversification learning curve

Animals without backbones represent more than ______ of the total species in the animal kingdom.

95%

True or false: Animals with backbones are more evolutionarily successful than organisms without backbones.

False. Each species exhibits adaptations that best suit their environment.

Which of these animals is not an arachnid?

Shrimp

What is the key difference between protostomes and deuterostomes?

The protostome gut develops from front to back, so the first opening is the mouth. The deuterostome gut develops back to front, and the second opening becomes the mouth.

Terrestrial vertebrates are classified either as amniotes or non-amniotes. Which of the following animals is a non-amniote?

amphibians

You find a protostome that has a closed circulatory system and a segmented body. In which of the following phylum does it most likely belong?

annelida

Birds are grouped with turtles, lizards, snakes, alligators, and crocodiles. Birds, however, have feathers and can generate their own body heat, which other reptiles cannot do. Which of the following likely explains the original evolutionary function of feathers in early reptiles?

behavioral displays

All species of humans other than Homo sapiens became extinct:

between 30,000 and 12,000 years ago

Which of the following characteristics defines a chordate?

bilateral symmetry, defined tissues, and gut develops from back to front

In which of the following animals does the mouth develop before the anus during gut development?

fruit flies

Which of the following would not be classified as an arthropod?

giant clam

Sharks are to jaws as _________ are to _________________.

lampreys: circular oral disks

Trichinella worms sometimes cause the disease known as trichinosis in humans when undercooked pork is eaten. These organisms have long cylindrical bodies but no segmentation. This species is most similar to which of the following animals?

nematodes

Which terrestrial problem correctly matches its evolutionary solution?

oxygen in the air: lungs

Which characteristic is not common to all chordates (at some point in their development)?

presence of vertebrae

Which of the following is true of reptiles but not amphibians?

reptiles have amniotic eggs, whereas amphibians do not

All groups of animals have nervous systems except:

sponges

Which of the following is not one of the major evolutionary adaptations that occurred as animals moved from water to land?

swim bladder

Which of the following is an advantage of radial symmetry?

the first three choices are all advantages of radial symmetry

In the figure, animals that exhibit radial symmetry in the larval phase of their life cycle can be found in:

the yellow box only

Which of the following is true of all animals?

They are capable of movement at some stage of their life cycle.