Chapter 13 HW

In carpal tunnel syndrome, the __________ is compressed.

median nerve

Spinal nerves are all classified as _________

mixed nerves

When removing a hot sheet of cookies from the oven, you feel heat coming through the pot holder. What mechanism momentarily overrides your reflexive action to immediately drop the hot cookie sheet?

modulation of descending motor pathways by brainstem and cortex

Hiccups could occur if there was irritation or damage to the ______.

motor branches of ventral rami associated with the C3-C5 region of the spinal cord

Which of the following lists the hierarchy of motor control from lowest to highest level of control?

segmental level, projection level, precommand level

A herniated lumbar disc could interfere with ______.

skin sensations from the lateral thigh skin sensations from the medial thigh adduction of the thigh

Segmental refers to which level of motor control?

spinal cord

The brachial plexus can be palpated at the lower lateral border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. Injury to the brachial plexus could cause weakness or paralysis to all of the following EXCEPT the ______.

sternocleidomastoid muscle

The knee-jerk reflex is an example of a __________.

stretch reflex

Examine the cross section through the lumbar section of the spinal cord and the two patellar reflex pathways shown. What identifies these synapses?

Pathways will activate one muscle and simultaneously inhibit its antagonist muscle. Afferent impulses synapse with motor neurons and interneurons.

A Morton's (plantar) neuroma is a foot condition due to swelling of the common plantar digital nerve. It can cause excruciating pain felt between the third and fourth metatarsal bones when walking. Which of the following would NOT be a factor responsible for this disorder?

nerve thinning

Which reflex has a contralateral component?

crossed-extensor

In carpal tunnel syndrome, there may be tingling and numbness in the thumb due to compression of the ______.

cutaneous branches of the median nerve

Which connective tissue layer directly surrounds every axon in a nerve?

endoneurium

Which of the following carries no sensory information?

hypoglossal nerve

If "wrist drop" were to appear, there would also be an increased probability of ______.

inability to extend the forearm

Which is the true statement about the synapses in the spinal cord in the stretch reflex?

Interneurons make inhibitory synapses with neurons that prevent contraction of the antagonist muscle.

A patient sustains a ventral horn injury to the lumbar region of the spine. This injury has damaged the cell bodies of several afferent nerves within the region. Predict how the patient's patellar reflex might be affected.

The patient's patellar reflex would be absent or weak.

Which of the following cranial nerves carries only motor information?

abducens

Severe whiplash, or acceleration flexion-extension neck injury, may cause numbness, tingling, or weakness in an accident victim's arms. Most injuries happen in the C_5 and C_6 region. Which nerve plexus would this injury most likely involve?

brachial

Which cranial nerve innervates most of the visceral organs?

vagus

Which cranial nerve transmits information about audition?

vestibulocochlear