Chapter 13
1) If someone spills very hot coffee (200 0F) on their skin, they will likely perceive much pain. Which of the following receptor types is causing this sensation? A) nociceptors B) chemoreceptors C) mechanoreceptors D) thermoreceptors
A
30) After axonal injury, regeneration in peripheral nerves is guided by ________. A) Schwann cells B) Wallerian cells C) Golgi organs D) dendrites
A
31) Regeneration within the CNS ________. A) is prevented due to growth-inhibiting proteins of oligodendrocytes B) is more successful than with the PNS C) is promoted by growth inhibitors and glial scars D) typically allows axonal sprouting of 20 mm
A
11) A doctor asks her patient to follow the motion of her finger as she moves it up and down, left and right. Which of the following cranial nerves is not being tested? A) the oculomotor nerve (III) B) the vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII) C) the abducens (VI) D) the trochlear nerve (IV)
B
18) Which of the following nerves does not arise from the brachial plexus? A) radial B) phrenic C) ulnar D) median
B
22) Which of the following is an incorrect statement regarding the occurrence of a sensation? A) A generator potential in the associated sensory neuron must reach threshold. B) The stimulus energy must be converted into the energy of a graded potential called a transduction potential. C) The stimulus energy must match the specificity of the receptor. D) The stimulus energy must occur within the receptor's receptive field.
B
23) A major nerve of the lumbar plexus is the ________. A) ilioinguinal B) femoral C) sciatic D) iliohypogastric
B
24) Spinal nerves exiting the cord from the level of L4 to S4 form the ________. A) lumbar plexus B) sacral plexus C) thoracic plexus D) femoral plexus
B
27) A reflex that causes muscle relaxation and lengthening in response to muscle tension is called a ________. A) flexor reflex B) tendon reflex C) crossed-extensor reflex D) plantar reflex
B
40) Transduction refers to conversion of ________. A) receptor energy to stimulus energy B) stimulus energy into energy of a graded potential C) presynaptic nerve impulses to postsynaptic nerve impulses D) afferent impulses to efferent impulses
B
41) Problems in balance may follow trauma to which nerve? A) trigeminal B) vestibulocochlear C) abducens D) accessory
B
12) As a cook chops red onions he begins to tear up due to activation of the lacrimal gland. Which of the following nerves provided the stimulus? A) the vagus nerve (X) B) the optic nerve (II) C) the facial nerve (VII) D) the olfactory nerve (I)
C
13) Dermatome maps are useful to clinicians because ________. A) they show the routes of motor nerves B) they outline the location of the numerous nerve plexus C) they can help pinpoint the location of spinal injury D) they show doctors how to avoid striking spinal nerves during surgery
C
36) Which nerve is compressed in carpal tunnel syndrome? A) ulnar B) radial C) median D) axillary
C
20) Starting at the spinal cord, the subdivisions of the brachial plexus are (in order) ________. A) divisions, roots, trunks, and cords B) trunks, divisions, cords, and roots C) roots, divisions, cords, and trunks D) roots, trunks, divisions, and cords
D
21) The cranial nerve with a cervical origin (spinal cord) is the ________. A) hypoglossal B) vagus C) glossopharyngeal D) accessory
D
34) All processing at the circuit level going up to the perceptual level must synapse in the ________. A) medulla B) reticular formation C) pons D) thalamus
D
46) A patient who received a blow to the side of the skull exhibits the following signs and symptoms on that side of the face: he is unable to close his eye, and the corner of his mouth droops. Which cranial nerve has been damaged? A) hypoglossal B) accessory C) glossopharyngeal D) facial
D
14) A patient has an injury of the spine and is now suffering from a loss of motor function in his right arm. However, he still has normal sensory function in the arm. Based on this information it is likely that the patient has nervous tissue damage located at ________. A) the dorsal root located at one or more of the cervical vertebra B) the ventral root located at one or more of the cervical vertebra C) the dorsal rootlets located at one of the thoracic vertebra D) spinal nerves of the cervical vertebra
B
15) Injury to cervical vertebra C3-C4 is particularly problematic because ________. A) several ganglia are near this region that serve the heart B) the greater auricular nerve that serve the parotid gland receive there fibers from here C) the phrenic nerve that serves the diaphragm receives its fibers from here D) part of the brain stem is located here
C
19) The posterior side of the thigh, leg, and foot is served by the ________ nerve. A) femoral B) obturator C) tibial D) common fibular
C
26) Striking the "funny bone" is actually stimulation of (or injury to) the ________. A) median nerve B) radial nerve C) ulnar nerve D) sciatic nerve
C
10) A bit of dust blows into and touches the cornea of the eye. Which of the following is likely to happen? A) Stimulation of the facial nerve (VII) will be perceived as pain. B) Stimulation of the optic nerve (II) will cause tears to flow from the lacrimal gland. C) Nothing, because there is no sensory information sent from the cornea. D) Stimulation of the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve (V) will cause blinking.
D
42) A fracture of the ethmoid bone could result in damage to which cranial nerve? A) vagus B) glossopharyngeal C) accessory D) olfactory
D
16) Complicated interlacing of the ventral rami form networks called nerve plexus. The crisscrossing of the nerve fibers from the various spinal nerves is advantageous because ________. A) injury to any single spinal nerve will be less damaging as there is less chance of total loss of innervation to any particular organ B) having several nerve fibers unite enhances sensory function C) viruses that infect us by moving through PNS nerves are prevented entry to the CNS D) having several nerve fibers unite enhances motor function
A
17) Bill is a mechanic that works with vibrating tools. He also exerts force on his wrists when twisting wrenches and screws. Bill has a tingling sensation in the lateral portion of his hand. The doctor suspects carpal tunnel syndrome. Which of the following test might the doctor try on her patient? A) Have bill grip an object with his thumb and index finger and try to pull the object away. B) Check for hyperextension at the knuckles of the little and ring finger. C) Have bill flex and extend his arm against resistance. D) Check for reflex on the medial condyle of the humerus with a rubber mallet.
A
25) Inborn or intrinsic reflexes are ________. A) involuntary, yet may be modified by learned behavior B) always mediated by the brain C) autonomic only D) rapid, predictable, and can be learned responses
A
29) Nerves that carry impulses toward the CNS only are ________. A) afferent nerves B) mixed nerves C) efferent nerves D) motor nerves
A
37) Bell's palsy is ________. A) characterized by paralysis of facial muscles B) often caused by inflammation of the trigeminal nerve C) characterized by loss of vision D) characterized by partial paralysis of diaphragm muscles Answer: A
A
38) Which of the following is the correct simple spinal reflex arc? A) receptor, afferent neuron, integration center, efferent neuron, effector B) receptor, efferent neuron, integration center, afferent neuron, effector C) effector, afferent neuron, integration center, efferent neuron, receptor D) effector, efferent neuron, integration center, afferent neuron, receptor
A
4) Tactile sensation is a combination of touch, pressure, stretch and vibration. Which of the following is most likely the receptor type that senses tactile stimulation? A) mechanoreceptors B) proprioceptors C) nociceptors D) thermoreceptors
A
43) Select the statement that is most correct. A) Ganglia associated with afferent nerve fibers contain cell bodies of sensory neurons. B) The dorsal root ganglion is a motor-only structure. C) The cell bodies of afferent ganglia are located in the spinal cord. D) Ganglia are collections of neuron cell bodies in the spinal cord that are associated with efferent fibers.
A
44) A fall or an improperly delivered gluteal injection could result in ________. A) sciatica B) neurofibromatosis C) postpoliomyelitis muscular atrophy D) phantom limb pain
A
28) Which receptors adapt most slowly? A) nociceptors B) pressure receptors C) smell receptors D) touch receptors
B
3) We can touch our finger to our nose while our eyes are closed in part because we can sense the position and movement of our joints as well as the length of stretch in our muscles. These sensations create awareness of our body's positioning. The following receptors are most likely responsible for this ability. A) nociceptors B) proprioceptors C) exteroceptors D) interoceptors
B
33) Select the correct definition. A) Magnitude estimation is the simplest level of sensation. B) Pattern recognition allows us to see a familiar face. C) Perceptual detection is the ability to detect how much stimulus is applied to the body. D) Spatial discrimination allows us to recognize textures.
B
39) Mixed cranial nerves containing both motor and sensory fibers include all except which of the following? A) facial B) olfactory C) oculomotor D) trigeminal
B
32) In a crossed-extensor reflex, if the right arm was grabbed it would flex and the left arm would ________. A) abduct B) also flex C) extend D) adduct
C
45) Feeling a gentle caress on your arm would likely involve all of the following except ________. A) Meissner's corpuscles B) hair follicle receptors C) Lamellar corpuscles D) tactile discs
C
5) A person picks up a heavy suitcase in order to estimate its weight and reflexively drops it. Which of the following receptors has initiated this reflex? A) lamellae corpuscle B) free nerve ending C) tendon organ D) bulbous corpuscle
C
6) Which of the following is the best explanation of how a stimulus' strength is transmitted to the central nervous system from sensory nerves? A) More than one type of receptor will respond to larger stimulus. B) An action potential will increase in strength as stimulus's strength increases. C) Action potential frequency is increased as stimulus' strength increases. D) Action potentials as well as graded potentials are sent to the central nervous system when stimulus strength increases.
C
2) Some large arteries that are proximal to the heart are sensitive to the stretch of the blood vessels. This stretch indicates the blood's pressure. Which of the following pairs of classifications below best fit the receptor type that is being described above? A) thermoreceptors that are also exteroceptors B) thermoreceptors that are also interoceptors C) mechanoreceptors that are also exteroceptors D) mechanoreceptors that are also interoceptors
D
35) The sciatic nerve is a combination of which two nerves? A) pudendal and posterior femoral cutaneous B) pudendal and common fibular C) posterior femoral cutaneous and tibial D) common fibular and tibial
D
47) If the ventral root of a spinal nerve were cut, what would be the result in the tissue or region that nerve supplies? A) a complete loss of sensation and movement B) loss of neither sensation nor movement but only of autonomic control C) complete loss of sensation D) a complete loss of voluntary movement
D
7) A patient is suffering from the inability to distinguish various types of odors. This patient may have damage to which of the following? A) vagus nerve (X) B) hypoglossal nerve (XII) C) facial nerve (VIII) D) olfactory nerve (I)
D
8) A patient has lost vision on the left side of both eyes. The patient has likely suffered damage to ________. A) the optic chiasm B) the retinas of the eyes C) the optic nerves D) the right optic tract
D
9) An emergency medical technician is examining a trauma victim by shining a pen light into her patient's eye. She records the reactivity of the patents pupils as they constrict when stimulated by the light. This test supports which of the following? A) The patient has suffered brain damage. B) The patient has function of the trochlear nerve (IV). C) The patient has lost function of the optic nerve (II). D) The patient has function of the oculomotor nerve (III).
D