Chapter 13- The Theory of Evolution
Comparing human hemoglobin with the hemoglobin of gorillas, mice, chickens, and frogs reveals that humans have the fewest amino acid differences with_____
A. Gorillas
The fossil record provides evidence that _____
A. older species gave rise to more-recent species
Which of the following statements best reflects the evolutionary importance of the figures above?
C. The evolutionary history of organisms is evident int he way embryos develop.
Which of the following is a factor in natural selection?
D. All of the above- Individuals of a species compete with one another to survive. - All species are genetically diverse. - Individuals better able to adapt to changes leave more offspring.
Darwin developed the idea of natural selection by _____
D. Applying Malthus's ideas on population to the observations he made during the voyage of the Beagle.
In response to the darkening of the tree trunks by pollution in England, some European peppered moth populations evolved from_____
D. Cream- colored to Dark Gray
Which of the following statements is NOT true about the vertebrate embryos shown above?
D. Each embryo has fur
Individuals that are better able to cope with the challenges of their environment tend to _____
D. Leave more offspring than those less suited to the environment
Over time, change within species leads to the replacement of old species by now species as less successful species become _______.
Extinct
Divergence is the final step of speciation.
F
Even though species may have changed over time, the genes that determine what they are have not changed.
F
In South America, Darwin found fossils of armadillos that were identical to the armadillos that were living there.
F
The forelimbs of all vertebrates contain the same bones and serve the same function.
F
While on the Beagle, Darin read "Principals of Geology", which contained a detailed account of ______ Theory of evolution.
Lamarck's
A(n) ________ is a group of individuals that belong to the same species, live in a defined area, and breed with others in the group.
Population
The condition in which two populations of the same species are separated from one another is called ________.
Isolation
Which factor does NOT play a role in determining the break size of Galápagos finches?
C. Size of the Bird
The changing of a species that results in its being better suited to its environment is called _______.
Adaption
Species that shared a common ancestor int he recent past have many _______ _______ or _______ sequence similaritites.
Amino Acid/ Nucleotide
On the Galápagos Islands, Darwin saw that the plants and animals closely resembled those of the ______
B. Coast of South America
Members of different ecological races _____
B. Differ genetically because of adaptations for different living conditions
When the individuals of two populations can no longer interbreed, the two populations are considered to be _____
B. Different species
Darwin combined Malthus's Principals of population, the Observations he made during the voyage of the Beagle, and his experience in breeding domestic animals to form the theory of evolution by natural selection.
T
Ecological races are genetically different but can interbreed
T
Fossils have been found that provide a link in the evolution of whales from four-pegged land animals.
T
One mechanism for reproductive isolation is geographic isolation.
T
The characteristics of the individuals best suited to a particular environment tend to increase in a population over time.
T
The fossil record seems to provide evidence for both gradualism and punctuated equilibrium.
T
There is clear evidence from fossils and other sources that the species now on earth have evolved from ancestral species that are extinct.
T