Chapter 13 Thoat, Thorax, and Visceral Conditions

While performing a bench press, an athlete hears a snap accompanied by immediate, marked pain and weakness in the anterior superior chest. What most likely happened to this athlete? A) strain of the pectoral major B) sternum fracture C) strain of the rectus abdominis D) costochondral strain Save

A) strain of the pectoral major

True or False? Individuals with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy commonly have an arm span greater than height. A) True B) False

B) False

Appendicitis is a result of A) a viral infection NOT A B) a bacterial infection C) a fungal infection D) a compression force

B,C,D

True or False? Most rib fractures involve the upper four ribs. Question 2 options: A) True B) False

B) False

True or False? Water, electrolytes, aspirin, and alcohol are absorbed into the bloodstream across the lining of the small intestines without being fully digested. A) True B) False

B) False

A marathon runner complains of what appears to be runner's bladder. What suggestion should be made to this runner? A) change running style B) decrease hill running when symptoms are present C) do not run with an empty bladder D) take iron supplements NOT D

A,B,C

Inability of a heart valve to close completely, resulting in blood leaking backward through the valve when it should be closed is termed: A) aortic stenosis B) aortic regurgitation C) Marfan's syndrome D) mitral valve prolapse NOT D

A,B,C

The most common intrathoracic injury from nonpenetrating chest trauma that may occur with forceful contact with another individual or in landing on a football is A) hyperventilation B) pneumothorax C) pulmonary contusion D) tension pneumothorax NOT D

A,B,C

The organ that secretes most of the digestive enzymes and the hormones insulin and glucagon is the A) kidney B) liver C) pancreas D) spleen NOT D

A,B,C

A baseball pitcher has been struck on the chest with a hard driven baseball. He collapses and goes into respiratory arrest. What injury should be suspected? Question 7 options: A) arrhythmia B) traumatic asphyxia C) pneumothorax NOT C D) cardiac tamponade

A,B,D

A benign condition associated with physiological alterations in the heart is called A) athletic heart syndrome B) cardiac tamponade C) hypertrophic cardiomyopathy NOT C D) mitral valve prolapse

A,B,D

A sharp pain or spasm in the chest wall on the lower right side that occurs during exertion is called a Question 9 options: A) liver contusion B) pneumothorax C) solar plexus stitch NOT C D) stitch in the side

A,B,D

All but which of the following do NOT require full digestion before becoming absorbed into the system? A) alcohol B) protein C) aspirin NOT C D) electrolytes

A,B,D

Auscultations are used to A) determine breathing rate B) determine presence or absence of bodily sounds C) determine pulse rate NOT C D) determine blood pressure

A,B,D

Bikers may develop transient paresthesia of the penis, resulting from pressure to what nerve? A) penile nerve B) pudendal nerve C) scrotal nerve NOT C D) testicular nerve

A,B,D

McBurney's point is associated with A) injuries to the kidney B) injuries to the testicles C) rebound pain with bladder injuries NOT C D) rebound pain with appendicitis

A,B,D

Rebound pain over the lower right quadrant with referred pain to the lower back may indicate A) appendicitis B) ruptured bladder C) ruptured spleen NOT C D) hernia

A,B,D

The management for hyperventilation involves A) concentrating on slow inhalations through the nose and exhalations through the mouth B) concentrating on slow inhalations through the mouth and exhalations through the nose C) concentrating on slow inhalations and exhalations through the mouth NOT C D) concentrating on quick inhalations through the mouth and slow exhalations through the nose

A,B,D

Which of the following describes rhonchi? A) relatively high pitched and has a hissing or shrill quality B) relatively low pitched and has a rumbling or snoring quality C) a wheeze that is entirely or predominantly inspiratory NOT C D) soft, high pitched, and very brief Save

A,B,D

Pain referred to the posterior lumbar region radiating to the flanks and groin may indicate damage to the A) kidney B) liver NOT B C) pancreas D) spleen

A,C,D

The first sign of testicular cancer is a(n) A) appearance of a bright red discoloration B) appearance of a cluster of swollen arteries NOT B C) appearance of a cluster of swollen veins with a dragging feeling in the scrotum D) slightly enlarged testicle and change in consistency Save

A,C,D

The muscle responsible for compression of the abdominal contents and aiding in forced expiration is the A) external oblique B) internal oblique NOT B C) rectus abdominus D) transverse abdominis

A,C,D

Which of the following conditions can predispose an individual to injuries of the spleen? A) cirrhosis B) eating right before competition NOT B C) hematuria D) mononucleosis

A,C,D

Which of the following might predispose an individual to a hernia A) weakness in the inguinal lining B) weak abdominal muscles NOT B C) excessive constipation D) chronic bladder infections

A,C,D

True or False? Hyperventilation is a respiratory condition linked to rapid, shallow breaths that result in exhaling too much oxygen, thus altering the chemical balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood. A) True B) False

B) False

True or False? If the proximal attachment of the pectoralis major muscle is ruptured, the muscle will bulge medially into the chest region, causing the axillary fold to appear thin. A) True B) False

B) False

True or False? In a traumatic injury when lung tissue is lacerated, air escapes into the pleural cavity with each inhalation, leading to traumatic asphyxia. A) True B) False

B) False

True or False? Lacerations of the abdominal wall muscles or deeper should be covered with an antibiotic ointment and sterile dressing before transporting the patient to the nearest medical facility. A) True B) False

B) False

True or False? Nearly 80% of all rectus abdominis strains in which the epigastric artery is damaged occur about 2 inches superior to the umbilicus. Question 10 options: A) True B) False

B) False

True or False? Runner's nipples and cyclist's nipples are injuries to the nipples and breast caused by friction from abrasive clothing. A) True B) False

B) False

True or False? Testicular cancer is the most common malignancy seen in males over 40 years of age. A) True B) False

B) False

True or False? The spleen is responsible for processing fats and amino acids, manufacturing blood proteins, and detoxifying certain poisons and drugs. A) True B) False Save

B) False

If an individual has a rib fracture, which of the following actions will NOT seriously increase pain? A) leaning away from the fracture site B) leaning toward the fracture site C) manual compression in an anteroposterior direction D) resisted trunk rotation and lateral flexion

B) leaning toward the fracture site

The most important action in the immediate management of any type of anterior neck trauma is to: A) stabilize the head and neck B) maintain an open airway C) summon EMS D) refer to a physician Save

B) maintain an open airway

A football athlete walks off the field leaning toward his right side. Evaluation shows he cannot take deep breaths and a lateral compression test result is positive. What injury should be suspected? A) rectus abdominis strain NOT A B) contusion to the sternum C) hemothorax D) rib fracture

B,C,D

An accumulation of air or gas in the pleural cavity, which may occur spontaneously or as a result of trauma, is called Question 6 options: A) hemothorax NOT A B) pneumonia C) pneumothorax D) thoracothetisitis

B,C,D

Contusions and fractures to the trachea, larynx, and hyoid bone frequently occur during: A) repetitive forces NOT A B) neck hyperextension C) neck hyperflexion D) shearing forces

B,C,D

Contusions to the breast may produce I) fat necrosis II) hematoma formation III) breast cancer IV) localized tenderness A) III NOT A B) I C) I and II D) I, II, IV

B,C,D

Cyclist nipples are a result of A) friction NOT A B) a combination of friction and wind chill C) wind chill D) compression

B,C,D

Pain radiating to the left shoulder and arm could signal damage to the A) stomach NOT A B) spleen C) pancreas D) liver

B,C,D

Pain referred to the shoulder during diaphragmatic injury is a result of pressure on A) the subclavian artery NOT A B) the subscapular nerve C) the phrenic nerve D) the subclavian vein

B,C,D

The organ that cleanses the blood of foreign matter and stores excess red blood cells is the A) kidney NOT A B) liver C) pancreas D) spleen

B,C,D

Which of the following sites is not used when determining auscultations of the heart? A) aortic NOT A B) tricuspid C) pulmonic D) ventricular

B,C,D

Which of the following visceral organs would not bleed profusely if injured? A) spleen NOT A B) pancreas C) kidneys D) bladder

B,C,D

An athlete is complaining of lower right abdominal pain and nausea and is running a low-grade fever. This individual should be suspected of having: A) a ruptured spleen B) constipation C) appendicitis D) gastroenteritis

C) appendicitis

In a vesicular breath sound, the A) inspiratory and expiratory sounds are about equal B) expiratory sounds last longer than the inspiratory ones C) inspiratory sounds last longer than the expiratory ones D) the expiratory sounds are very loud Save

C) inspiratory sounds last longer than the expiratory ones

The "Adam's apple'' is part of the A) epiglottis B) pharynx C) larynx D) trachea

C) larynx

A blow to the solar plexus may cause A) pain down the left arm B) rebound pain C) pain down the posterior leg D) myopia

C) pain down the posterior leg

The most frequently fractured bones in the thoracic cage are A) ribs 1-2 B) ribs 3-4 C) ribs 5-9 D) ribs 10-12

C) ribs 5-9

A male basketball center with exercise-induced bronchospasm becomes cyanotic, with shortness of breath and severe chest pains. Observation shows a deviated trachea. What condition is this athlete most likely experiencing? A) cardiac arrest B) traumatic pneumothorax C) spontaneous pneumothorax D) aortic rupture

C) spontaneous pneumothorax

A severe blow to the testicular region that results in an excess of fluid accumulation is characteristic of a A) scrotal contusion B) spermatic cord torsion C) testicular parametritis D) traumatic hydrocele of the tunica vaginalis

D) traumatic hydrocele of the tunica vaginalis

True or False? A hematocele results from rupture of the plexus of veins on the posterior testicle. A) True B) False

A) True

True or False? A mechanism of injury for a costochondral sprain is a severe twisting motion of the thorax. A) True B) False

A) True

True or False? After direct trauma to the larynx, laryngospasm may occur immediately; however, swelling may not occur until 24 to 48 hours after injury, which can lead to a life-threatening situation. Question 8 options: A) True B) False

A) True

True or False? Auscultation can detect abnormal sounds such as gurgling, popping, shoring, or a high-pitched whistling sound in the thoracic or abdominal region. A) True B) False

A) True

True or False? Blunt trauma to the chest can lead to cardiac tamponade in which the individual will collapse within seconds and go into respiratory arrest. A) True B) False

A) True

True or False? During breathing, exhalation occurs when the diaphragm is relaxed. A) True B) False

A) True

True or False? Pain and anxiety can complicate hyperventilation. A) True B) False

A) True

True or False? Traumatic fat necrosis secondary to a direct blow to the breast can result in a suspicious image on a mammogram. A) True B) False

A) True

True or False? Indirect inguinal hernias account for 50 to 75% of all hernias and typically occur in men under the age of 30.

True

True or False? An individual who has a history of blunt trauma to the left upper quadrant and is experiencing pain in the left shoulder should be suspected of having a ruptured pancreas. A) True B) False

B) False

True or False? Blood in the urine always indicates a serious internal injury to the kidneys or bladder. A) True B) False

B) False

An inherited connective tissue disorder affecting many organs, but commonly resulting in dilation and weakening of the thoracic aorta is A) cardiac tamponade B) hypertrophic cardiomyopathy C) Marfan's syndrome D) mitral valve prolapse

C) Marfan's syndrome

_________ hernias are rare but are most commonly seen in women. A) Congenital B) Indirect inguinal C) Spontaneous D) Femoral

D) Femoral

Pain upon compression of the sternum, pain while taking deep breaths, and pain upon trunk movement may indicate A) spleen injury B) muscle strain C) pleurisy D) rib fracture

D) rib fracture

True or False? High-speed water-skiing injuries can result in water being forced under high pressure into the vulva and vagina, leading to rupture of the vaginal walls. A) True B) False

A) True

Individuals with _________ are at a higher risk for developing testicular cancer. A) an undescended testicle B) large testicles C) a circumcised penis D) none of the above NOT D

A) an undescended testicle

Gynecomastia can be a result of A) anabolic steroid use B) increased weight lifting C) amino acid use D) over developed pectoralis muscles

A) anabolic steroid use

A condition in which the pleural cavity becomes filled with blood that has entered through an opening is called A) hemothorax B) pneumothorax C) thoracodorsalitis D) traumatic asphyxia

A) hemothorax

Hyperperistalsis may indicate A) indigestion B) gastroenteritis C) heart murmur D) asthma

B) gastroenteritis

A direct blow to the anterolateral aspect of the thorax, a sudden twist, or falling on the ball, can compress the rib cage, resulting in a A) costochondral separation B) hemothorax C) kidney rupture D) solar plexus punch

A) costochondral separation

True or False? If a rib is fractured on the lateral side of the thorax, manual compression of the rib cage in an anteroposterior direction will produce increased pain over the fracture site. A) True B) False

A) True

True or False? In individuals under 30 years of age, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is the leading cause of sudden death. A) True B) False

A) True

True or False? Muscle rigidity or guarding indicates internal peritoneal hemorrhage and should be treated as a medical emergency. A) True B) False

A) True

In sports and physical activity, a hemothorax is most often a secondary condition associated with A) a rib fracture B) strain of pectoralis major C) tension pneumothorax NOT C D) traumatic asphyxia

A) a rib fracture

_______ is used when performing auscultations. Question 4 options: A) a stethoscope B) a sphygmomanometer C) an otoscope D) a caliper

A) a stethoscope

The organs that transport, protect, and nourish the gametes are called the A) accessory sex organs B) mammary sex organs C) primary sex organs D) tertiary sex organs

A) accessory sex organs

Which of the following is NOT considered a male accessory sex organ? A) vulva B) ductus deferens C) epididymis D) prostate gland

A) vulva

Hepatitis primarily attacks what major organ, severely impairing function? A) brain B) liver C) pancreas D) spleen

B) liver

The adrenal cortex produces hormones collectively known as A) progesterone B) estrogens C) androgens D) vesicles

C) androgens