Chapter 13 Urinary System Diseases and Disorders
31. The kidney is about the size of a: a. man's fist. b. woman's fist. c. teenager's fist. d. child's fist.
A
39. A urine culture helps determine which _____ is causing the infection. a. bacterium b. virus c. protein d. parasite
A
43. The purpose of performing a cystoscopy is to find all of the following EXCEPT: a. normal tissue. b. tumors. c. stones. d. infection.
A
45. What is it called when a catheter is placed through an incision into the pelvic wall? a. suprapubic b. indwelling c. residual d. in-and-out
A
49. The most common bacteria to cause urinary tract infections are: a. E. coli. b. Klebsiella. c. Proteus. d. Staphylococcus.
A
55. The most common cause of glomerulonephritis includes: a. streptococcus. b. Staphylococcus. c. E. coli. d. Klebsiella.
A
36. Normal specific gravity of the urine is: a. 1.000-1.005. b. 1.005-1.030. c. 1.005-1.025. d. 1.010-1.030.
B
37. Normal urine pH is: a. 5. b. 6. c. 7. d. 7.5.
B
40. When obtaining a sterile urine specimen, the patient needs to get a _____ specimen. a. random urine b. catheterized urine c. clean-catch urine d. midstream urine
B
59. Diagnosis of hydronephrosis is confirmed by: a. IVP. b. pyelogram. c. cystogram. d. cystoscopy.
B
35. Urine is normally: a. cloudy, coffee colored. b. clear, coffee colored. c. yellow and clear. d. yellow and cloudy.
C
38. Common signs and symptoms of diseases of the urinary system include: a. polyuria, nocturia, and anuria. b. hematuria, polyuria, and oliguria. c. hematuria, oliguria, and pyuria. d. hematuria, polyuria, and pyuria.
C
41. Blood tests performed to determine if waste products are being adequately filtered include: a. CBC, ESR. b. BUN, KUB. c. BUN, FANA, creatinine. d. creatinine, ESR, CBC.
C
53. Prevention of UTIs include all of the following EXCEPT: a. drink six to eight glasses of water per day. b. wipe from front to back. c. wear tight-fitting clothes. d. urinate before and after sexual intercourse.
C
56. Signs and symptoms of glomerulonephritis include: a. afebrile. b. increased appetite. c. swollen eyes and ankles. d. polyuria.
C
57. Treatment for glomerulonephritis includes: a. increased salt intake. b. forced fluids. c. diuretics. d. increased protein in the diet.
C
32. The functions of the nephron are: a. filter. b. excrete. c. reabsorb. d. all of the above.
D
33. The bladder stores _____ of urine. a. 500-750 mL b. 750-1000 mL c. 250-450 mL d. 350-500 mL
D
34. Micturition is the process of: a. defecating. b. urinating. c. voiding. d. b and c
D
42. Which X-rays require the injection of dye into the bloodstream? a. KUB b. cystogram c. chest d. IVP
D
44. Catheterization is performed to: a. remove urine. b. obtain a sterile urine specimen. c. treat incontinence. d. accomplish all of the above.
D
46. Urinary tract infections may be caused by: a. bacterium. b. a virus. c. a fungus. d. all of the above.
D
47. A neurogenic bladder may be caused by: a. a stroke. b. a tumor. c. a spinal cord accident. d. all of the above.
D
48. Symptoms of a neurogenic bladder include: a. severe urinary incontinence. b. normal voiding pattern. c. no feeling to void. d. a and c.
D
50. Females are more prone to UTIs because: a. their urethra is shorter. b. their urethral opening being closer to the rectum. c. improper wiping. d. all of the above.
D
51. Males are less susceptible to UTIs because: a. their urethra is longer. b. the prostatic secretions have an antibacterial effect. c. their urethral opening being farther away from the rectum. d. all of the above.
D
52. Signs and symptoms of urethritis include all of the following EXCEPT: a. urethral discharge. b. swelling of the urethra. c. dysuria. d. all of the above.
D
54. A person with which of the following conditions is at greater risk for developing pyelonephritis? a. prostate enlargement b. kidney stones c. tumors d. all of the above
D
58. Causes of obstructions in hydronephrosis include: a. congenital defects in the urinary tract structure. b. kidney stones. c. an enlarged prostate. d. all of the above
D
60. Symptoms of kidney stones include: a. spasmodic abdominal pain. b. chest pain. c. left arm pain. d. spasmodic flank pain.
D
1. The ureters are tubes that run from the kidneys to the urethra. a. True b. False
FALSE
11. Antibiotics and antispasmodic medications are not effective for treating cystitis. a. True b. False
FALSE
13. There is no chance of chronic pyelonephritis eventually leading to uremia and kidney failure. a. True b. False
FALSE
16. Glomerulonephritis is a rare disease of the kidney. a. True b. False
FALSE
18. Prognosis for glomerulonephritis is poor. a. True b. False
FALSE
21. Uremia will not develop in the late stages of glomerulonephritis. a. True b. False
FALSE
23. If the obstruction in hydronephrosis is not relieved, there will not be permanent damage and the kidney pelvis will continue to function. a. True b. False
FALSE
24. When stones are present in the kidney, they always cause problems. a. True b. False
FALSE
25. Urinary stones are more common in females than in males. a. True b. False
FALSE
26. There are no preventive measures against urinary tract infections (UTIs). a. True b. False
FALSE
29. Adenocarcinoma of the kidney is preventable. a. True b. False
FALSE
30. Chronic glomerulonephritis is preventable. a. True b. False
FALSE
4. A urine culture and sensitivity test is performed when there is a normal amount of white blood cells in the urine. a. True b. False
FALSE
5. Less than 100,000 bacteria per milliliter or cubic centimeter of urine is a positive indicator of a urinary tract infection. a. True b. False
FALSE
8. An in-and-out catheterization is performed when a catheter is placed for a longer period of time. a. True b. False
FALSE
10. Urethritis frequently occurs in conjunction with chlamydia. a. True b. False
TRUE
12. After completing treatment for cystitis, it is important to get a follow-up urine culture and sensitivity tests. a. True b. False
TRUE
14. Glomerulonephritis may be acute or chronic. a. True b. False
TRUE
15. Acute glomerulonephritis is an inflammation of the filtering unit of the kidney. a. True b. False
TRUE
17. Glomerulonephritis is a type of allergic or immune disease caused by an antigen-antibody reaction. a. True b. False
TRUE
19. Chronic glomerulonephritis is caused by repeated bouts of acute glomerulonephritis. a. True b. False
TRUE
2. The urethra is longer in the male. a. True b. False
TRUE
20. Prevention of chronic glomerulonephritis is prompt treatment for acute glomerulonephritis. a. True b. False
TRUE
22. The accumulation of fluid in the renal pelvis causes a condition known as hydronephrosis. a. True b. False
TRUE
27. There are no preventive measures for polycystic disease. a. True b. False
TRUE
28. Neurogenic bladder is frequently not preventable. a. True b. False
TRUE
3. A urinalysis is performed to check the urine for pH, specific gravity, blood, protein, and sugar. a. True b. False
TRUE
6. Uremia is a toxic condition of the kidneys. a. True b. False
TRUE
7. A cystoscopy is an invasive procedure. a. True b. False
TRUE
9. When placing an indwelling catheter, you will choose a catheter with an inflatable balloon to keep the catheter in the bladder. a. True b. False
TRUE