Chapter 14

Sex Linke Gene

In mammals, the female is homogametic, with two X chromosomes (XX), while the male is the heterogametic sex, with one X and one Y chromosome (XY). Genes on the X or Y chromosome are called sex-linked.

NonDisjunction

Nondisjunction is the failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate properly during cell division.

Restriction Enzymes

Restriction enzymes, also known as restriction endonucleases, are enzymes that cut a DNA molecule at a particular place. They are essential tools for recombinant DNA technology. The enzyme "scans" a DNA molecule, looking for a particular sequence, usually of four to six nucleotides.

Sex Chromosone

a chromosome involved with determining the sex of an organism, typically one of two

Pedigree

the record of descent of an animal, showing it to be purebred.

Genome

A genome is an organism's complete set of DNA, including all of its genes. Each genome contains all of the information needed to build and maintain that organism. In humans, a copy of the entire genome—more than 3 billion DNA base pairs—is contained in all cells that have a nucleus.Feb 22, 2016

Karyotype

A karyotype (from Greek κάρυον karyon, "kernel", "seed", or "nucleus", and τύπος typos, "general form") is the number and appearance of chromosomes in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell. The term is also used for the complete set of chromosomes in a species, or an individual organism.

Autosome

An autosome is any chromosome that is not a sex-determining chromosome, so most chromosomes are autosomes. You can learn more about human autosomes in this lesson. GED Science: Tutoring Solution / Science Courses. Exocytosis: Definition & ExamplesNext Lesson.

Bioinformatics

Bioinformatics is the application of computer technology to the management of biological information. Computers are used to gather, store, analyze and integrate biological and genetic information which can then be applied to gene-based drug discovery and development.

Gelelectrophoresis

Gel electrophoresis is a method for separation and analysis of macromolecules (DNA, RNA and proteins) and their fragments, based on their size and charge.

Genomics

Genomics is a discipline in genetics that applies recombinant DNA, DNA sequencing methods, and bioinformatics to sequence, assemble, and analyze the function and structure of genomes (the complete set of DNA within a single cell of an organism).