Chapter 14

In early July, Jim Lopez purchased a $70 ticket to the December 15 game of the Chicago Titans. (The Titans belong to the Midwest Football League and play their games outdoors on the shore of Lake Michigan.) Parking for the game was expected to cost approximately $22, and Lopez would probably spend another $15 for a souvenir program and food. It is now December 14. The Titans were having a miserable season and the temperature was expected to peak at 5 degrees on game day. Jim therefore decided to skip the game and took his wife to the movies, with tickets and dinner costing $50. The amount of sunk cost that should influence Jim's decision to take his wife to the movies and dinner is: A. $0. B. $20. C. $50. D. $70. E. some other amount.

A. $0.

Wright Enterprises, which produces various goods, has limited processing hours at its manufacturing plant. The following data apply to product no. 607: Sales price per unit: $9.60 Variable cost per unit: $6.20 Process time per unit: 4 hours Management is now studying whether to devote the firm's limited hours to product no. 607 or to other products. What key dollar amount should management focus on when determining no. 607's "value" to the firm and deciding the best course of action to follow? A. $0.85. B. $2.40. C. $3.40. D. $6.20. E. $9.60.

A. $0.85.

Torrey Pines is studying whether to outsource its Human Resources (H/R) activities. Salaried professionals who earn $390,000 would be terminated; in contrast, administrative assistants who earn $120,000 would be transferred elsewhere in the organization. Miscellaneous departmental overhead (e.g., supplies, copy charges, overnight delivery) is expected to decrease by $30,000, and $25,000 of corporate overhead, previously allocated to Human Resources, would be picked up by other departments. If Torrey Pines can secure needed H/R services locally for $410,000, how much would the company benefit by outsourcing? A. $10,000. B. $35,000. C. $130,000. D. $155,000. E. Nothing, as it would be cheaper to keep the department open.

A. $10,000.

CompTronics, a manufacturer of computer peripherals, has excess capacity. The company's Utah plant has the following per-unit cost structure for item no. 89: Variable manufacturing $40 Fixed manufacturing 15 Variable selling 8 Fixed selling 11 Traceable fixed administrative 4 Allocated administrative 2 The traceable fixed administrative cost was incurred at the Utah plant; in contrast, the allocated administrative cost represents a "fair share" of CompTronics' corporate overhead. Utah has been presented with a special order of 5,000 units of item no. 89 on which no selling cost will be incurred. The proper relevant cost in deciding whether to accept this special order would be: A. $40. B. $59. C. $61. D. $80. E. some other amount.

A. $40.

The Shoe Department at the Baton Rouge Department Store is being considered for closure. The following information relates to shoe activity: Sales revenue $350,000 Variable costs: Cost of goods sold 280,000 Sales commissions 30,000 Fixed operating costs 90,000 If 70% of the fixed operating costs are avoidable, should the Shoe Department be closed? A. Yes, Baton Rouge would be better off by $23,000. B. Yes, Baton Rouge would be better off by $50,000. C. No, Baton Rouge would be worse off by $13,000. D. No, Baton Rouge would be worse off by $40,000. E. None of the above.

A. Yes, Baton Rouge would be better off by $23,000.

An opportunity cost may be described as: A. a forgone benefit. B. an historical cost. C. a specialized type of variable cost. D. a specialized type of fixed cost. E. a specialized type of semivariable cost.

A. a forgone benefit.

Factors in a decision problem that cannot be expressed in numerical terms are: A. qualitative in nature. B. quantitative in nature. C. predictive in nature. D. sensitive in nature. E. uncertain in nature.

A. qualitative in nature.

A technique that is useful in exploring what would happen if a key decision prediction or assumption proved wrong is termed: A. sensitivity analysis. B. uncertainty analysis. C. project analysis. D. linear programming. E. the theory of constraints.

A. sensitivity analysis.

Product costs incurred after the split-off point in a joint processing environment are termed: A. separable processing costs. B. joint product costs. C. non-relevant costs. D. scrap costs. E. spoilage costs.

A. separable processing costs.

Johnson Company makes two products: Carpet Kleen and Floor Deodorizer. Operating information from the previous year follows. Carpet Kleen Floor Deodorizer Units produced and sold 5,000 4,000 Machine hours used 5,000 2,000 Sales price per unit $7 $10 Variable cost per unit $4 $8 Fixed costs of $20,000 per year are presently allocated equally between both products. If the product mix were to change, total fixed costs would remain the same. Assuming there is unlimited demand for both products and Johnson has 10,000 machine hours available, how many units of each product should be produced and sold? Carpet Kleen Floor Deodorizer A. 0 units 0 units B. 0 units 20,000 units C. 5,000 units 10,000 units D. 8,000 units 4,000 units E. 10,000 units 0 units

B. 0 units 20,000 units

Elegant, Inc., has $125,000 of inventory that suffered minor smoke damage from a fire in the warehouse. The company can sell the goods "as is" for $45,000; alternatively, the goods can be cleaned and shipped to the firm's outlet center at a cost of $23,000. There the goods could be sold for $80,000. What alternative is more desirable and what is the relevant cost for that alternative? A. Sell "as is," $125,000. B. Clean and ship to outlet center, $23,000. C. Clean and ship to outlet center, $103,000. D. Clean and ship to outlet center, $148,000. E. Neither alternative is desirable, as both produce a loss for the firm.

B. Clean and ship to outlet center, $23,000.

Somerset Corporation is composed of five divisions, and each division is allocated a share of Somerset overhead to make divisional managers aware of the cost of running the corporate headquarters. The following information relates to the Metro Division: Sales $7,500,000 Variable operating costs 5,100,000 Traceable fixed operating costs 1,900,000 Allocated corporate overhead 300,000 If the Metro Division is closed, 100% of the traceable fixed operating costs can be eliminated. What will be the impact on Somerset's overall profitability if the Metro Division is closed? A. Decrease by $200,000. B. Decrease by $500,000. C. Decrease by $2,100,000. D. Decrease by $2,400,000. E. None of the above.

B. Decrease by $500,000.

Consider the following costs and decision-making situations: I. The cost of existing inventory, in a keep vs. disposal decision. II. The cost of special electrical wiring, in an equipment acquisition decision. III. The salary of a supervisor who will be transferred elsewhere in the organization, in a department-closure decision. Which of the above costs is (are) relevant to the decision situation noted? A. I only. B. II only. C. III only. D. I and II. E. II and III.

B. II only.

The City of Miami is about to replace an old fire truck with a new vehicle in an effort to save maintenance and other operating costs. Which of the following items, all related to the transaction, would not be considered in the decision? A. Purchase price of the new vehicle. B. Purchase price of the old vehicle. C. Savings in operating costs as a result of the new vehicle. D. Proceeds from disposal of the old vehicle. E. Future depreciation on the new vehicle.

B. Purchase price of the old vehicle.

Two months ago, Victory purchased 4,500 pounds of Hydrol, paying $15,300. The market for this product has been very strong since the acquisition, with the market price jumping to $4.05 per pound. (Victory can buy or sell Hydrol at this price.) The company recently received a special-order inquiry, one that would require the use of 4,200 pounds of Hydrol. Which of the following is (are) relevant in deciding whether to accept the special order? A. The 300-pound remaining inventory of Hydrol. B. The $4.05 market price. C. The $3.40 purchase price. D. 4,500 pounds of Hydrol. E. More than one of the above factors are relevant.

B. The $4.05 market price.

Which of the following characteristics would best explain the use of probabilities and expected values in a decision analysis? A. Limited resources. B. Uncertainty. C. Inflation. D. Multiple products and services. E. Production bottlenecks.

B. Uncertainty.

Occidental is contemplating dropping a product because of ongoing losses. Costs that would be relevant in this situation would include variable manufacturing costs as well as: A. factory depreciation. B. avoidable fixed costs. C. unavoidable fixed costs. D. allocated corporate administrative costs. E. general corporate advertising.

B. avoidable fixed costs.

A special order generally should be accepted if: A. its revenue exceeds allocated fixed costs, regardless of the variable costs associated with the order. B. excess capacity exists and the revenue exceeds all variable costs associated with the order. C. excess capacity exists and the revenue exceeds allocated fixed costs. D. the revenue exceeds total costs, regardless of available capacity. E. the revenue exceeds variable costs, regardless of available capacity.

B. excess capacity exists and the revenue exceeds all variable costs associated with the order.

When using a graphical solution to a linear programming problem, the optimal solution will lie in an area commonly known as the: A. region of maximization. B. feasible region. C. objective region. D. constraint region. E. curvilinear region.

B. feasible region.

A constraint function in a linear-programming problem might focus on: A. sales dollars. B. labor hours. C. variable costs. D. fixed costs. E. qualitative factors.

B. labor hours.

The term "outsourcing" is most closely associated with: A. special-order decisions. B. make-or-buy decisions. C. equipment replacement decisions. D. decisions to process joint products beyond the split-off point. E. decisions that involve limited resources.

B. make-or-buy decisions.

The cost of inventory currently owned by a firm is an example of a(n): A. opportunity cost. B. sunk cost. C. relevant cost. D. differential cost. E. future cost.

B. sunk cost.

India Corporation has $200,000 of joint processing costs and is studying whether to process J and K beyond the split-off point. Information about J and K follows. Product J Product K Tons produced 25,000 15,000 Separable variable processing costs beyond split-off $64,000 $100,000 Selling price per ton at split-off 15 52 Selling price per ton after additional processing 21 58 If India desires to maximize total company income, what should the firm do with regard to Products J and K? Product J Product K A. Sell at split-off Sell at split-off B. Sell at split-off Process beyond split-off C. Process beyond split-off Sell at split-off D. Process beyond split-off Process beyond split-off E. There is not enough information to judge.

C. Process beyond split-off Sell at split-off

Triumph, Inc., is studying whether to expand operations by adding a new product line. Which of the following choices correctly denotes the costs that should be considered in this decision? Opportunity Cost Sunk Cost A. Yes Yes B. Yes Sometimes C. Yes No D. No Yes E. No No

C. Yes No

To be useful in decision making, information should possess which of the following characteristics? Relevance Accuracy Timeliness A. Yes No Yes B. Yes Yes No C. Yes Yes Yes D. No Yes Yes E. No No Yes

C. Yes Yes Yes

Johnson Company makes two products: Carpet Kleen and Floor Deodorizer. Operating information from the previous year follows. Carpet Kleen Floor Deodorizer Units produced and sold 5,000 4,000 Machine hours used 5,000 2,000 Sales price per unit $7 $10 Variable cost per unit $4 $8 Fixed costs of $20,000 per year are presently allocated equally between both products. If the product mix were to change, total fixed costs would remain the same. 53. The contribution margin per machine hour for Floor Deodorizer is: A. $0.25. B. $2.00. C. $4.00. D. $5.00. E. $20.00.

C. $4.00.

Susan is contemplating a job offer with an advertising agency where she will make $54,000 in her first year of employment. Alternatively, Susan can begin to work in her father's business where she will earn an annual salary of $38,000. If Susan decides to work with her father, the opportunity cost would be: A. $0. B. $38,000. C. $54,000. D. $92,000. E. irrelevant in deciding which job offer to accept.

C. $54,000.

Donnelly, a division of Dakota Enterprises, currently makes 100,000 units of a product that has created a number of manufacturing problems. Donnelly's costs follow. Manufacturing costs: Variable $420,000 Fixed 150,000 Allocated corporate administrative cost 70,000 If Donnelly were to discontinue production, fixed manufacturing costs would be reduced by 80%. The relevant cost of deciding whether the division should purchase the product from an outside supplier is: A. $420,000. B. $490,000. C. $540,000. D. $570,000. E. $640,000.

C. $540,000.

HiTech manufactures two products: Regular and Super. The results of operations for 20x1 follow. Regular Super Total Units 10,000 3,700 13,700 Sales $240,000 $740,000 $980,000 Less: Cost of goods sold 180,000 481,000 661,000 Gross margin $ 60,000 $259,000 $319,000 Less: Selling expenses 60,000 134,000 194,000 Operating income $ 0 $125,000 $125,000 Fixed manufacturing costs included in cost of goods sold amount to $3 per unit for Regular and $20 per unit for Super. Variable selling expenses are $4 per unit for Regular and $20 per unit for Super; remaining selling amounts are fixed. ** Disregard the information in the previous question. If HiTech eliminates Regular and uses the available capacity to produce and sell an additional 1,500 units of Super, what would be the impact on operating income? A. $28,000 increase B. $45,000 increase C. $55,000 increase D. $85,000 increase E. None of the above.

C. $55,000 increase

Baxter has been approached about providing a new service to its clients. The company will bill clients $120 per hour; the related hourly variable and fixed operating costs will be $65 and $15, respectively. If all employees are currently working at full capacity on other client matters, the per-hour opportunity cost of being unable to provide this new service is: A. $0. B. $40. C. $55. D. $80. E. $120.

C. $55.

Bush Manufacturing has 31,000 labor hours available for producing M and N. Consider the following information: Product M Product N Required labor time per unit (hours) 2 3 Maximum demand (units) 6,500 8,000 Contribution margin per unit $5.00 $5.70 Contribution margin per labor hour $2.50 $1.90 If Bush follows proper managerial accounting practices in terms of setting a production schedule, how much contribution margin would the company expect to generate? A. $31,450. B. $63,100. C. $66,700. D. $78,100. E. None of the above.

C. $66,700.

In early July, Mike Gottfried purchased a $70 ticket to the December 15 game of the Chicago Titans. (The Titans belong to the Midwest Football League and play their games outdoors on the shore of Lake Michigan.) Parking for the game was expected to cost approximately $22, and Gottfried would probably spend another $15 for a souvenir program and food. It is now December 14. The Titans were having a miserable season and the temperature was expected to peak at 5 degrees on game day. Mike therefore decided to skip the game and took his wife to the movies, with tickets and dinner costing $50. The sunk cost associated with this decision situation is: A. $20. B. $50. C. $70. D. $107. E. some other amount.

C. $70.

Consider the following statements about relevant costing and activity-based costing: I. The concept of relevant costs and benefits cannot be used in conjunction with an activity-based costing system. II. The concept of relevant costs and benefits must be modified for use with an activity-based costing system. III. Generally speaking, the decision maker can better associate relevant costs with the activities that drive them under an activity-based costing system than under a conventional product-costing system. Which of the above statements is (are) true? A. I only. B. II only. C. III only. D. I and II. E. II and III.

C. III only.

Which of the following is Prudential's objective function? A. Maximize Z = 2X + 3Y. B. Maximize Z = 8X + 19Y. C. Maximize Z = 5X + 14Y. D. Maximize Z = 1.50X + 7.75Y. E. Minimize Z = 6.50X + 11.25Y.

C. Maximize Z = 5X + 14Y.

Which of the following statements regarding costs and decision making is correct? A. Fixed costs must be considered only on a per-unit basis. B. Per-unit fixed cost amounts are valid only for make-or-buy decisions. C. Per-unit fixed costs can be misleading because such amounts appear to behave as variable costs when, in actuality, the amounts are related to fixed expenditures. D. Sunk costs can be misleading in make-or-buy decisions because these amounts appear to be relevant differential costs. E. Opportunity costs should be ignored when evaluating decision alternatives.

C. Per-unit fixed costs can be misleading because such amounts appear to behave as variable costs when, in actuality, the amounts are related to fixed expenditures.

Which of the following costs can be ignored when making a decision? A. Opportunity costs. B. Differential costs. C. Sunk costs. D. Relevant costs. E. All future costs.

C. Sunk costs.

A trade-off in a decision situation sometimes occurs between information: A. accuracy and relevance. B. relevance and uniqueness. C. accuracy and timeliness. D. sensitivity and accuracy. E. sensitivity and relevance.

C. accuracy and timeliness.

Lido manufactures A and B from a joint process (cost = $80,000). Five thousand pounds of A can be sold at split-off for $20 per pound or processed further at an additional cost of $20,000 and then sold for $25. Ten thousand pounds of B can be sold at split-off for $15 per pound or processed further at an additional cost of $20,000 and later sold for $16. If Lido decides to process B beyond the split-off point, operating income will: A. increase by $10,000. B. increase by $20,000. C. decrease by $10,000. D. decrease by $20,000. E. decrease by $58,000.

C. decrease by $10,000.

A firm that decides to emphasize those goods with the highest contribution margin per unit may have made an incorrect decision when the company: A. is highly automated. B. has excess capacity. C. has capacity constraints in the form of limited resources. D. has a high fixed-cost structure. E. has a high level of sunk costs.

C. has capacity constraints in the form of limited resources.

A company that is operating at full capacity should emphasize those products and services that have the: A. lowest total per-unit costs. B. highest contribution margin per unit. C. highest contribution margin per unit of scarce resource. D. highest operating income. E. highest sales volume.

C. highest contribution margin per unit of scarce resource.

Snider, Inc., which has excess capacity, received a special order for 4,000 units at a price of $15 per unit. Currently, production and sales are budgeted for 10,000 units without considering the special order. Budget information for the current year follows. Sales $190,000 Less: Cost of goods sold 145,000 Gross margin $ 45,000 Cost of goods sold includes $30,000 of fixed manufacturing cost. If the special order is accepted, the company's income will: A. increase by $2,000. B. decrease by $2,000. C. increase by $14,000. D. decrease by $14,000. E. change by some other amount.

C. increase by $14,000.

When deciding whether to sell a product at the split-off point or process it further, joint costs are not usually relevant because: A. such amounts do not help to increase sales revenue. B. such amounts only slightly increase a company's sales margin. C. such amounts are sunk and do not change with the decision. D. the sales revenue does not decrease to the extent that it should, if compared with separable processing. E. such amounts reflect opportunity costs.

C. such amounts are sunk and do not change with the decision.

51. Smith Manufacturing has 27,000 labor hours available for producing X and Y. Consider the following information: Product X Product Y Required labor time per unit (hours) 2 3 Maximum demand (units) 6,000 8,000 Contribution margin per unit $5.00 $6.00 Contribution margin per labor hour $2.50 $2.00 If Smith follows proper managerial accounting practices, which of the following production schedules should the company set? Product X Product Y A. 0 units 8,000 units B. 1,500 units 8,000 units C. 6,000 units 0 units D. 6,000 units 5,000 units E. 6,000 units 8,000 units

D. 6,000 units 5,000 units

Which of the following costs should be used when choosing between two decision alternatives? Relevant Cost Sunk Cost Opportunity Cost A. No Yes No B. No Yes Yes C. Yes No No D. Yes No Yes E. Yes Yes Yes

D. Yes No Yes

Sound, Inc., reported the following results from the sale of 24,000 units of IT-54: Sales $528,000 Variable manufacturing costs 288,000 Fixed manufacturing costs 120,000 Variable selling costs 52,800 Fixed administrative costs 35,200 Rhythm Company has offered to purchase 3,000 IT-54s at $16 each. Sound has available capacity, and the president is in favor of accepting the order. She feels it would be profitable because no variable selling costs will be incurred. The plant manager is opposed because the "full cost" of production is $17. Which of the following correctly notes the change in income if the special order is accepted? A. $3,000 decrease. B. $3,000 increase. C. $12,000 decrease. D. $12,000 increase. E. None of the above.

D. $12,000 increase.

Maddox, a division of Stanley Enterprises, currently performs computer services for various departments of the firm. One of the services has created a number of operating problems, and management is exploring whether to outsource the service to a consultant. Traceable variable and fixed operating costs total $80,000 and $25,000, respectively, in addition to $18,000 of corporate administrative overhead allocated from Stanley. If Maddox were to use the outside consultant, fixed operating costs would be reduced by 70%. The irrelevant costs in Maddox's outsourcing decision total: A. $17,500. B. $18,000. C. $25,000. D. $25,500. E. some other amount.

D. $25,500.

HiTech manufactures two products: Regular and Super. The results of operations for 20x1 follow. Regular Super Total Units 10,000 3,700 13,700 Sales $240,000 $740,000 $980,000 Less: Cost of goods sold 180,000 481,000 661,000 Gross margin $ 60,000 $259,000 $319,000 Less: Selling expenses 60,000 134,000 194,000 Operating income $ 0 $125,000 $125,000 Fixed manufacturing costs included in cost of goods sold amount to $3 per unit for Regular and $20 per unit for Super. Variable selling expenses are $4 per unit for Regular and $20 per unit for Super; remaining selling amounts are fixed. ** HiTech wants to drop the Regular product line. If the line is dropped, company-wide fixed manufacturing costs would fall by 10% because there is no alternative use of the facilities. What would be the impact on operating income if Regular is discontinued? A. $0. B. $10,400 increase. C. $20,000 increase. D. $39,600 decrease. E. None of the above.

D. $39,600 decrease.

Coastal Airlines has a significant presence at the San Jose International Airport and therefore operates the Emerald Club, which is across from gate 36 in terminal 1. The Emerald Club provides food and business services (e.g., data ports) for the company's frequent flyers. Consider the following selected costs of Club operation: 1. Receptionist and supervisory salaries 2. Catering 3. Terminal depreciation (based on square footage) 4. Airport fees (computed as a percentage of club revenue) 5. Allocated Coastal administrative overhead Management is exploring whether to close the club and expand the seating area for gate 36. Which of the preceding expenses would the airline classify as unavoidable? A. 3. B. 4. C. 5. D. 3, 5. E. The correct answer is not listed.

D. 3, 5.

Which of the following best defines the concept of a relevant cost? A. A past cost that is the same among alternatives. B. A past cost that differs among alternatives. C. A future cost that is the same among alternatives. D. A future cost that differs among alternatives. E. A cost that is based on past experience.

D. A future cost that differs among alternatives.

At which step or steps in the decision-making process do qualitative considerations generally have the greatest impact? A. Specifying the criterion and identifying the alternatives. B. Developing a decision model. C. Collecting the data. D. Making a decision. E. Identifying the alternatives.

D. Making a decision.

An architecture firm currently offers services that appeal to both individuals and commercial clients. If the firm decides to discontinue services to individuals because of ongoing losses, which of the following costs could the company likely avoid? A. Allocated corporate overhead. B. Building depreciation. C. Insurance. D. Variable operating costs. E. Monthly installment payments on general-purpose, computer drafting equipment.

D. Variable operating costs.

Ortega Interiors provides design services to residential and commercial clients. The residential services produce a contribution margin of $450,000 and have traceable fixed operating costs of $480,000. Management is studying whether to drop the residential operation. If closed, the fixed operating costs will fall by $370,000 and Ortega's net income will: A. increase by $30,000. B. increase by $80,000. C. increase by $340,000. D. decrease by $80,000. E. decrease by $340,000.

D. decrease by $80,000.

Linear programming would be used by decision makers when there are: A. limited resources for labor. B. scarce resources for machine hours. C. scarce resources for both labor and machine hours. D. multiple scarce resources. E. limited resources for material.

D. multiple scarce resources.

The term "opportunity cost" is best defined as: A. the amount of money paid for an item. B. the amount of money paid for an item, taking inflation into account. C. the amount of money paid for an item, taking possible discounts into account. D. the benefit associated with a rejected alternative when making a choice. E. an irrelevant decision factor.

D. the benefit associated with a rejected alternative when making a choice.

The following costs are relevant to the decision situation cited except: A. the cost of hiring a full-time staff attorney, in a decision to establish an in-house legal department or retain the services of a prominent law firm. B. the remodeling cost of existing office space, in a firm's decision to stay at its current location or move to a new building. C. the long-term salary costs demanded by Joe Torrez (a superstar) and Rip Moran (an average player) in baseball contract negotiations, in a decision that determines the amounts by which ticket prices must be raised. D. the cost to enhance an airline's Web site, in a decision to expand existing service to either Salt Lake City or Phoenix. E. the commissions that could be earned by a salesperson, in a decision that involves salesperson compensation methods (i.e., commissions or flat monthly salaries).

D. the cost to enhance an airline's Web site, in a decision to expand existing service to either Salt Lake City or Phoenix.

Flower Company, which is operating at capacity, desires to add a new service to its rapidly expanding business. The service should be added as long as service revenues exceed: A. variable costs. B. fixed costs. C. the sum of variable costs and fixed costs. D. the sum of variable costs and any related opportunity costs. E. the sum of variable costs, fixed costs, and any related opportunity costs.

D. the sum of variable costs and any related opportunity costs.

Which of the following is a constraint function of Prudential? A. Maximize Z = 5X + 14Y. B. Minimize Z = 6.50X + 11.25Y. C. X 800. D. 2X 4,000; 3Y 4,000. E. 2X + 3Y 4,000.

E. 2X + 3Y 4,000.

Foster Company is considering whether to sell Retox at the split-off point or subject it to further processing and produce a more refined product known as Retox-F. Consider the following items: I. The selling price of Retox-F II. The joint processing cost of Retox. III. The separable cost of producing Retox-F. Which of the above items is (are) relevant to Foster's decision to process Retox into Retox-F? A. I only. B. II only. C. III only. D. I and II. E. I and III.

E. I and III.

Managerial accountants: A. rarely become involved in an organization's decision-making activities. B. make decisions that focus solely on an organization's accounting matters. C. collect data and provide information so that decisions can be made. D. often serve as a cross-functional team member, making a wide range of decisions. E. become involved in activities "C" and "D."

E. become involved in activities "C" and "D."

An accounting information system should be designed to provide information that is useful. To be useful the information must be: A. qualitative rather than quantitative. B. unique and unavailable through other sources. C. historical in nature and not purport to predict the future. D. marginal between two alternatives. E. relevant, accurate, and timely.

E. relevant, accurate, and timely.

The book value of equipment currently owned by a firm is an example of a(n): A. future cost. B. differential cost. C. comparative cost. D. opportunity cost. E. sunk cost.

E. sunk cost.

A factory that makes a part has significant idle capacity. The factory's opportunity cost of making this part is equal to: A. the variable manufacturing cost per unit. B. the fixed manufacturing cost per unit. C. the semivariable cost per unit. D. the total manufacturing cost per unit. E. zero.

E. zero.