Chapter 14- Part 1
Which of the following is the best definition of an "attitude"?
A relatively stable evaluation of persons, objects, situations, or issues
A high school has scheduled an assembly on the topic of avoiding texting while driving. Based on persuasion research, which of the following speakers will the students likely find the most persuasive?
Another high school student
Ivy prefers Apple computers because she believes they are the most reliable brand. Her belief about Apple computers represents which component of Ivy's attitude?
Cognitive
Most attitudes consist of which three components?
Cognitive, emotional, behavioral
Which of the following has been associated with aggressive behavior?
Foul odors
To which of the following people is Eleanor most likely to volunteer to donate bone marrow?
Her brother
A man slips on an icy sidewalk and appears to be badly injured. Under which circumstances is the man most likely to get help?
If just a single person sees him fall
According to the actor-observer effect, behavior is attributed to which factor for the actor and which for the observer?
Internal for the actor and external for the observer
Which of the following is an example of discrimination?
John is an apartment manager who flatly refuses to rent to gay or lesbian couples.
Which of the following is an indication that high levels of testosterone correlate with some forms of aggression?
Men are more aggressive than women.
Which of the following is one way to combat groupthink?
One group member should express a contentious opinion to test the strength of the opposing arguments.
Walter lost his factory job a few years ago. Ever since then, he has been very bitter toward immigrants from Mexico, who he blames for "taking all the good jobs." What term best describes Walter's behavior?
Scapegoating
Senator Anderson privately believes the president's cut in education spending is a bad idea, but she publicly supports his plan anyway. Which of the following would most likely reduce the cognitive dissonance she feels?
She changes her public stance on the issue and comes out against the president's proposal.
Which statement about social loafing is accurate?
Social loafing is most likely to occur on projects in which the team, rather than individuals, receive praise or blame.
Your little sister asks your father if she can visit her friend Maddy for an hour. When your father says yes, she asks if she can spend the night. Which compliance technique is your sister using?
The foot-in-the-door technique
Having been abused as a child increases the risk that a person will grow up to abuse his or her own children. This supports which theory of aggression?
The social learning theory
Bandura's Bobo doll experiments support which explanation of aggression?
The social learning theory of aggression
Which of the following evidence suggests that discrimination is decreasing in U.S. society?
White Americans are less likely to object to living in racially mixed neighborhoods.
The intentional infliction of physical or psychological harm on others is called
aggression.
Behavior that is aimed at helping others without expectation of personal gain is called
altruistic behavior.
The concept of in-groups and out-groups is most closely associated with
an "us-versus-them" mentality.
Stereotypes are to discrimination as
beliefs are to behavior.
Adopting a behavior or an attitude in an effort to be consistent with the social norms of a group or the expectations of other people is called
conformity.
One would expect more fights to occur in
crowded than in uncrowded settings.
According to Batson, helping behavior arises out of a sense of
empathy.
Anders and Penelope are married but spend almost no time together. They sleep in separate rooms and rarely engage in social outings with one another. For financial reasons, however, they are both committed to staying together until all of their children have graduated college. In Sternberg's classification, Anders and Penelope have
empty love.
The tendency to look at people and situations from the perspective of one's own racial or cultural group is called
ethnocentrism.
The social responsibility norm in American culture tends to obligate people to
help strangers in life-threatening situations.
Despite overwhelming scientific evidence to the contrary, Terri continues to insist that her son's autism was caused by vaccines. One way she can reduce the cognitive dissonance she feels is by
insisting that official statistics about vaccines are "lies."
A one-sided argument is most persuasive if the audience
is not highly intelligent.
The tendency to join with others to construct a sense of belonging within a particular group that insulates individual members against a stressor is called
social identity.
Studies indicate that the most effective medium through which to communicate a persuasive message is
television.
One afternoon at a farmer's market filled with customers, a woman with two young children in tow drops her bag of groceries. Produce scatters all around, and the children begin wailing, yet no one stops to help. This is an example of
the bystander effect.
The social phenomenon in which individuals do not offer assistance to people in need when other people are present is called
the bystander effect.
Each participant in a group is given a small amount of information and asked to teach it to other participants. The group must use all the individual pieces of information to solve a problem. This is an example of
the jigsaw technique.
