Chapter 15 Adolescence: Cognitive development

The power of the invincibility fable may be observed in: Select one: a. young military recruits who hope to be sent into combat. b. a 17-year-old boy who drives cautiously. c. an 18-year-old girl who insists that her boyfriend use a condom during sex. d. an adolescent who sings in front of the bathroom mirror, knowing that the neighbors must be listening.

A. young military recruits who hope to be sent into combat.

A 15-year-old girl realizes that the dress she has worn to school has a small stain on it. Her belief that everyone will notice it is an example of: Select one: a. the personal fable. b. adolescent egocentrism. c. clothes consciousness. d. school phobia.

B. Adolescent egocentrism

One of the most prominent aspects of adolescent thought is the ability to: Select one: a. reject adult thoughts and values. b. think in terms of possibilities. c. take another person's point of view. d. use practical problem-solving skills.

B. Think in terms of possibilities

New thinking on adolescent egocentrism is that it may: Select one: a. stifle teens' ability to transition into adulthood. b. help adolescents face the many transitions required of them as they prepare for adulthood. c. not actually exist. d. lead to academic problems in college.

B. help adolescents face the many transitions required of them as they prepare for adulthood.

Compared with that of preadolescents, adolescents' thinking about science is more likely to: Select one: a. be logically inconsistent. b. recognize alternative possibilities. c. be concretely tied to the situation. d. maintain traditional ideas.

B. recognize alternative possibilities.

What is the name of the theorist who coined the terms personal fable and invincibility fable? Select one: a. Erikson b. Skinner c. Elkind d. Kohlberg

C. Elkind

ustine is 14 years old. Her parents are frequently annoyed because Justine tends to ask critical questions such as, "Why can't I have wine with dinner? You do" or, "I don't understand why I'll be able to vote when I'm 18, but I have to wait until I'm 21 to buy alcohol!" This type of thinking is demonstrating Justine's: Select one: a. inductive reasoning. b. perceptual thinking. c. hypothetical thinking. d. deductive reasoning.

C. Hypothetical thinking

A professor asks a group of 8-year-olds and a group of 16-year-olds to argue that they should receive a reduction in their allowance, an argument with which they all surely disagree. Which of the following statements is a likely result of this study? Select one: a. Almost none of the students will be able to do this. b. Eight-year-olds will be able to do this, but 16-year-olds will be unable to do this. c. Sixteen-year-olds will be able to do this, but 8-year-olds will be unable to do this. d. Almost all of the students will be able to do this easily.

C. Sixteen-year-olds will be able to do this, but 8-year-olds will be unable to do this.

Brent is determined to get a place on his middle school's basketball team. He practices at least 2 hours each day. He rarely makes a basket and becomes quickly winded because of his severe asthma. His determination is fueled by his: Select one: a. analytic thought processes. b. crisp, accurate logic. c. sunk cost fallacy. d. economy of thought.

C. Sunk cost fallacy

Which of the following is recommended to decrease the risk of video-game addiction in teens? Select one: a. allowing video games in adolescents' bedrooms b. encouraging unlimited video game usage for the development of visual-spatial skills c. rule-setting and monitoring of teens' computer use d. banning teen computer use

C. rule-setting and monitoring of teens' computer use

In Inhelder and Piaget's balance experiment, a child who systematically tests the idea that the relationship between weight and distance is reciprocal is probably age: Select one: a. 4. b. 7. c. 10. d. 14.

D. 14

Which of the following can help adolescents with the transition to a new school? Select one: a. providing support to parents and transitioning students b. small, personalized schools c. having friends also transitioning d. All these factors would help adolescents make the transition.

D. All these factors would help adolescents make the transition

Most adolescents think about themselves: Select one: a. rarely. b. occasionally. c. periodically. d. frequently.

D. Frequently

Most adolescents know that smoking is harmful to their health. Why might they take up smoking in spite of this knowledge? Select one: a. They are guilty of the sunk cost fallacy. b. Logic does not always "feel right." c. They don't care about their own health. d. It will gain them acceptance into a peer group.

D. It will gain them acceptance into a peer group