Chapter 15: Compare the somatic and autonomic nervous systems relative to effectors, efferent pathways, and neurotransmitters released.

somatic nervous system effectors

*The skeletal muscles.*

b1, b2, b3

...

autonomic nervous system effectors

1. Smooth muscle 2. Cardiac muscle 3. Glands. *Visceral organs*

What do post ganglionic fibers release?

Ach or norepinephrine or epinephrine.

What blocks muscarinics?

Atropine. Won't be able to sweat.

neurotransmitters of the autonomic nervous system

Can *stimulate or Inhibit* the target. *Preganglionic axons use ACh and post ganglionic axons use either Ach or norepinephrine/epinephrine.*

alpha waves

Excite. In blood vessels. Not in heart.

beta waves

Inhibit.

What does postganglionic fibers in the sympathetic nervous system?

Norepinephrine.

efferent pathways of autonomic nervous system

The autonomic axons from the CNS synapse in the PNS's ganglia. *A postganglionic axon continues to the effector.*

efferent pathways of somatic nervous system

The motor neurons (efferent neurons) conduct impulses out to the skeletal muscles (effectors), which produce required response movements. Somatic motor neurons are also covered by a series of Schwann cells because the muscle actions need to be coordinated and rapid.

neurotransmitters of the somatic nervous system

Uses *Ach* always *Stimulates* the target. Attaches to *nicotinic.* Blocked by *carrari.*

a1, a2, a3

a1: heart rate goes up a2: dilation of trachea; bronchi a3: