Chapter 16. Cloud Computing and Client-side Virtualization

What is rapid elasticity?

The ability to build or extend your cloud-based network quickly and efficiently. Choosing a provider that can provide you with a scalable model is important for an organization's growth.

What are four types of VM Network connections?

▸ Bridged networking: This gives the VM (also known as the guest) direct access to the hosting computer's network connection. It allows external access, but in this case, the VM must have its own IP address on the external IP network. Because of the direct connectivity to the external network, this can be a security concern. In most cases, some type of NAT is preferred. ▸ Network address translation (NAT): Often the default, this gives the guest access to the external network, but by using NAT the guest gets a separate IP address on a private network. ▸ Host-only networking: This creates a private virtual network for the guests, and they can communicate with each other but not with the external network. ▸ No networking: This option disables networking for the VM altogether, which might be required for users that are working on confidential systems, testbeds, applications, and so on.

What are some VM-Software that are commonly installed on Type2 Hypervisor?

1. Hyper-V, Windows built in VMSoftware, it works only on certain editions of Windows. For example it works on win10Pro, Enterprise and Education, but not Home, Mobile or Mobile Enterprise. 2. VMware 3. Virtualbox Note that when these Virtual machines are created they are all given a different file extension from on another, meaning they are not compatible; you can not take one created VM and try to open it with a different VM-software. Files extensions respectfully: 1. .vdhx 2. .vmdk 3. .vdi

What are the different types of Clouds used by organizations (Four)?

1. Public 2. Private 3. Hybrid 4. Community

Common Cloud Models: The few Categories of services that Cloud Computing is generally broken down to.

1. Software as a service (SaaS) 2. Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) 3. Platform as a Service (PaaS)

What things dictate which type of Cloud an organization uses (four)?

1. the organization's budget 2. the amount and type of resources to be supplied to users 3. the level of security the organization requires 4. the amount of man power (or lack thereof) it has to administer its resources.

What is Hybrid cloud?

A mixture of public and private clouds. Dedicated servers located within the organization and cloud servers from a third party are used together to form the collective network. In these hybrid scenarios, confidential data is usually kept in-house

What is Software as a Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) regarding cloud computing? Give common examples. What are the benefits?

A service that offers computers networking, storage, load balancing, routing, and VM hosting. the cloud provider hosts the network infrastructure hardware components that are normally present in a traditional on-premises data center. Through a subscription service, you access hardware only when you need it. The potential benefits include scalability, minimized hardware maintenance and support, and reduced downtime. Common examples of IaaS include Amazon Web Service (AWS) and Microsoft Azure.

What is Community cloud?

Another mix of public and private, but one where multiple organizations can share the public portion. Community clouds appeal to organizations that usually share a common form of computing and way of storing data.

What is Private cloud?

As opposed to the public cloud, the private cloud is designed with the needs of the individual organization in mind. -The security administrator has more control over the data and infrastructure. -There are a limited number of people who have access to the cloud, -And they are usually located behind a firewall of some sort in order to gain access to the private cloud. -Resources might be provided by a third party OR could come from the security administrator's server room or data center. Some companies incorporate broad network access—meaning that resources are available to a wide range of devices including PCs, Macs, laptops, tablets, smartphones, and so on. While a private cloud creates increased

What is Cloud Computing? And name some advantages.

Cloud computer ca be defined as a way of offering on-demand services that extend the capabilities of a person's computer or an organization's network. A network connection of some sort is required to make the connection to the "cloud" and gain access to these services in real time. Some Services include: browser based emails, personal storage, data-access, infrastructure, real time gaming, and more. Some advantages: lower cost to an organization less administration and maintenance more reliability increased scalability possible increased performance.

Other types of Cloud Services to know for A+:

Data as a Service (DaaS) Database as a Service (DBaaS) Network as a Service (NaaS)

What is a Virtual Machine?

In computing, a virtual machine (VM) is an emulation of a computer system. Virtual machines are based on computer architectures and provide functionality of a physical computer. Their implementations may involve specialized hardware, software, or a combination.

What is Software as a Service (Saas) regarding cloud computing? Give common examples. What are the benefits?

It is the most commonly used and recognized of the three categories. SaaS is when users access applications over the internet that are provided by a third party (the application need not be installed on the local computer and usually within web browsers). A common example of this is webmail such as Gmail. Dropbox and MSOffice 365. Benefits include: lower hardware, software and maintenance cost

Explain VM security vulnerability.

Networking is usually required for VMs. Just remember that any network connection (mapped network drive, browsing connection, and so on) can be a security concern. If there is a connection from the VM to the hosting OS—and the VM has a vulnerability that is exploited—then the exploit could carry over to the host. Be ready to monitor for, and disable, any unused or unnecessary network connections between VMs and between the VMs and the host. Conversely, the host should be updated and secured vigilantly. If the hosting OS fails, then all guest VMs will go offline immediately.

What is Software as a Platform as a service (PaaS) regarding cloud computing? Give common examples. What are the benefits?

PaaS is a service that provides various software solutions to orgainzations, especially the ability to develop and test applications in a virtual environment without the cost or adminstration of a physical platform. It is also used on a subscription basis in an attempt to reduce costs and increase collaboration. PaaS is used for easy-to-configure operating systems and on-demand computing. Often, this utilizes IaaS as well for an underlying infrastructure to the platform. Cloud-based virtual desktop environments are often considered to be part of this type of service, but they can be part of IaaS as well. it can be as simple as a browser window with a single application inside of it, or it could include everything from a virtual OS to virtual hardware such as a virtual network interface card, and on down to all the required individual virtual applications.

What are Virtual Machine Requirements?

Two requirement considerations include: 1. Virtualization Hosting software requirements (can your computer run the VM?; Most computers built over the previous 5 years can run hte latest version of VMsoftware as long as the BIOS can support it. 2.Virtual Machine Requirements. VM themselves can be very power hunger, generally to run the latest Operating systems you will need to assign virtual resources -- CPU, RAM, network connection, hard drive and so on.

What is the difference between Type 1 and Type 2 hypervisors?

Type 1 will be faster, but it requires a proper server, requires more knowledgeable administration, and is costlier. Type2 hypervisors and the virtualization software that utilizes that technology. These can be run on typical client operating systems such as Windows 10, Win7 and so on. notes: for a type 2 VM-software to work in Windows, it must be enabled in the UEFI/BIOS.

What is the purpose of a Virtual Machine?

Using a virtual machine has many advantages for programmers, developers and systems administrators and can facilitate a great Testing environment. Furthermore, nowadays, many VMs are also used in live production environments as servers and as clients or as individual applications.

What is the difference between Measured and Metered services?

Whatever an organization chooses, the provider will measure the services supplied. Measured services is when the provider monitors the services rendered so that the provider can properly bill the customer and make sure that the customer's use of services is being handled in the most efficient way. This can work in conjunction with a pay service called Metered services -- where an organization has access to virtually unlimited resources, but pays only for the resources that are used. This should be measured carefully, and the details of the resources should be stated clearly every month.

What is public Cloud?

When a service provider offers applications and storage space to the general public over the Internet. Examples: web based email services, pay-as-you-go business class services. Providers of public cloud space include Google, Microsoft, Rackspace, and Amazon. Benefits: low (or zero) cost and scalability.

What is On-demand service cloud base term?

Where cloud should be available in real time and whenever you need it (24/7).

What is Resources Pooling?

in a community cloud scenario, the provider usually implements resource pooling, which is the grouping of servers and infrastructure for use by multiple customers but in a way that is on-demand and scalable.