Chapter 16 DNA Replication Quiz

Eukaryotic DNA and associated proteins that it wraps around

Chromatin

Bacterial chromosome that is circular and has associated proteins

Nucleiod

At a specific area of a chromosome, the sequence of nucleotides below is present where the chain opens to form a replication fork: 3' C C T A G G C T G C A A T C C 5' An RNA primer is formed starting at the underlined T (T) of the template. Which of the following represents the primer sequence?

5' A C G U U A G G 3'

An Okazaki fragment has which of the following arrangements?

5' RNA nucleotides, DNA nucleotides 3'

In an analysis of the nucleotide composition of DNA, which of the following will be found

A + C = G + T

Joins the sugar phosphate backbones of Okazaki fragments

DNA Ligase

The process of making two DNA stands out of

DNA Replication

Separates the two stands of DNA by breaking the hydrogen bonds

DNA helicase

Replaces the primer with DNA nucleotides

DNA polymerase I

Adds new DNA nucleotides to the new DNA strand both lagging and leading

DNA polymerase III

A new DNA strand elongates only in the 5' to 3' direction because

DNA polymerase can only add nucleotides to the free 3' end.

Has many primers and is made in many pieces that must be put back together

Lagging strand

Utilizes only one primer and is made continuously

Leading strand

Short segments of DNA found on the lagging stand

Okazaki Fragments

Creates an RNA primer to start the process of replication

Primase (RNA polymerase)

The opening where DNA is being split by helicase

Replication Fork

An enzyme that adds nucleotides to the ends of chromosomes

Telomerase

The end of a eukaryotic chromosome

Telomeres

What is meant by the description "antiparallel" regarding the strands that make up DNA?

The 5' to 3' direction of one strand runs counter to the 5' to 3' direction of the other strand

If a cell were unable to produce histone proteins, which of the following would be a likely effect?

The cell's DNA couldn't be packed into its nucleus

Studies of nucleosomes have shown that histones (except H1) exist in each nucleosome as two kinds of tetramers: one of 2 H2A molecules and 2 H2B molecules, and the other as 2 H3 and 2 H4 molecules. Which of the following is supported by this data?

The two types of tetramers associate to form an octamer.

Individuals with the disorder xeroderma pigmentosum are hypersensitive to sunlight. This occurs because their cells are impaired in what way?

They cannot repair thymine dimers

Releases tension on the DNA molecule up stream by breaking, swiveling and rejoining DNA

Topoisomerase

Eukaryotic telomeres replicate differently than the rest of the chromosome. This is a consequence of which of the following?

gaps left at the 5' end of the lagging strand

Proteins that DNA wraps around

histones