chapter 16 part 2

The Supreme Court in Lochner v. New York

voided a state law establishing that bankers could work a maximum of sixty hours per week

The Greenback-Labor Party

wanted the federal government to stop taking money out of circulation

The Knights of Labor

was an inclusive organization that advocated for a vast array of reforms

The Great Railroad Strike of 1877

was evidence of worker solidarity and the close ties between industry and the Republican Party

The Haymarket Affair

was provoked by the 1886 bombing at a Chicago labor rally

Elections during the Gilded Age

were closely contested affairs.

The over 150 utopian and cataclysmic novels published during the last quarter of the nineteenth century

were inspired by the growing fear of class warfare

All of the following individuals wrote about the subject of America's poor EXCEPT:

Charles Darwin

The direction of the "Christian lobby" in the Gilded Age:

The "Christian lobby" sought more to legislate individual morality rather than to improve society.

Which statement about the theory of Social Darwinism is FALSE?

The theory argued that the "deserving poor" only included children.

The theory of Social Darwinism

The theory of Social Darwinism argued that: the theory of evolution applied to humans, thus explaining why some were rich and some were poor.

Crédit Mobiler and the Whiskey Ring

Union Pacific Railroad insiders formed the Credit Mobilier construction company and then hired themselves at inflated prices to build the railroad line, earning high dividends. When it was found out that government officials were paid stay quiet about the illicit business, some officials were censured. a group of officials were importing whiskey and using their offices to avoid paying the taxes on it, cheating the treasury out of millions of dollars.

Who insisted that freedom and spiritual self-development required an equalization of wealth and power and that unbridled competition mocked the Christian ideal of brotherhood?

Walter Rauschenbusch

The Social Gospel

called for an equalization of wealth and power

In the late nineteenth century, social thinkers such as Edward Bellamy, Henry George, and Laurence Gronlund offered numerous plans for change, primarily because they were alarmed by a fear of

class warfare and the growing power of concentrated capital

The Civil Service Act of 1883

created a merit system for government workers

The Interstate Commerce Commission was established in 1887 to

ensure that railroads charged farmers and merchants reasonable and fair rates

The Grange was an organization that

established cooperatives for storing and marketing farm output

One of the reasons that the Great Strike of 1877 was important is that

it underscored the tensions produced by the rapid industrialization of the time

Republican economic policies strongly favored

northern industrialists

What did William G. Sumner believe social classes owed each other?

nothing

Henry George offered a(n) __________ as a solution for the problem of inequality in America

single tax

During the second industrial revolution, the courts

tended to favor the interests of industry over those of labor