Chapter 16 Study Guide
What are states' rights?
Each state stated the joined the union voluntary therefore they should have the power to overrule laws passed by the U.S. government if they felt they were not in favor. Also this gave them the power to leave the union.
Which candidate carried the fewest states?
Fillmore
Why did it anger people in the North?
They did not like being forced to assist in helping capture escaped slaves.
How did southerners react to this plan?
They did not want the compromise
What does secession mean?
To withdraw from the Union
What is popular sovereignty?
Letting people decide
Why did it anger Southerners?
They wanted the new territory to remain open for slavery.
What were the parts of the Compromise of 1850?
1. California enters as a Free State 2. New Fugitive Slave Law Passed 3. New Mexico territory would allow popular sovereignty to determine slavery 4. U.S. would assume Texas debt
What is a martyr?
A person who dies for a cause
What was the Dred Scott case?
A slave who lived in a free state suing for his freedom
Who won the election of 1860?
Abraham Lincoln
What was John Brown's raid on Harper's Ferry?
An abolitionist (John Brown) waned to capture a Federal Arsenal at Harpers Ferry and arm slaves to go on a rebellion
Which groups joined together to form the Republican party in 1854?
Antislavery Whigs, Democrats and Free Soilers
What other states seceded from the Union after Lincoln was inaugurated?
Arkansas, Tennessee, North Carolina, and Virginia
Who were the border ruffians?
Armed pro-slaver supporters from Missouri
Which candidate carried the most states?
Buchanan
Was the fort in Union or Confederate territory?
Confederate
What did the Kansas-Nebraska Act do?
Divided the remainder of the Louisiana Purchase into two territories Kansas and Nebraska. Allowed popular sovereignty to determine slavery in the territory
What was their moto?
Free Soil, Free Speech, Free Labor and Free Men
What new party was formed in the election of 1848?
Free-Soil Party
How did Lincoln respond?
He sent a note to the Governor of South Carolina telling him he was sending supplies to the fort
What was the Fugitive Slave Act?
It stated that anyone who assisted or had knowledge of the runaway slave cold be imprisoned or fined; set up special courts to handle runaway slave cases.
Why did Southerners like the idea of popular sovereignty?
It would allow the possibility of slavery in Kansas
What was the Wilmot Proviso?
It would ban slavery in any lands the U.S. might acquire from Mexico.
What happened in Kansas as a result of this vote over slavery?
Kansas erupted into violence between the proslavery and antislavery groups
What slave states stayed in the Union? What were they called?
Kentucky, Missouri, Maryland, and Delaware
How did Lincoln react to this plan?
Lincoln said they should not give in to the people they defeated
Why did the American Party endorse?
More regulation on immigrants
Who were the candidates in the election of 1860?
Republican Abraham Lincoln; Northern Democrats Stephen Douglas; Southern Democrats John C. Breckinridge
Who proposed the Kansas-Nebraska Act?
Senator Stephen Douglas
What was the new Republican parties stand on slavery?
Slavery could not spread to new territories
What did Northerners think of John Brown's conviction for treason and death by hanging?
Some thought the use of violence was wrong; others thought he was a martyr for the cause.
Who was the first state to secede from the Union? When?
South Carolina; Dec. 20, 1860
What happened at Fort Sumter?
Southern forces fired upon the Federal fort in Charleston Harbor
What southern states left the Union prior to Lincoln taking over as president?
Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, Florida, and South Carolina
Why did the Democrats and Buchanan endorse popular sovereignty?
The Democrats and Buchanan wanted to appeal to southern whites
What message did Lincoln receive from Fort Sumter?
The fort was low on supplies and the Confederates wanted them to surrender
What split the Democratic Party?
The issue of slavery
What weakened the position of the American Party?
The refusal of the party to call for a repeal of the Kansas-Nebraska act
What was the decision of the Supreme Court of the Dred Scott case?
They ruled that Scott was property; no African Americans could ever be citizens of the United States. That the vote of the people could not deny people their right to own property
What had the Republican's promised about slavery?
They would not allow it to spread to new territories
What amendment did John Crittenden propose to keep the union together?
To protect slavery below the 36,30' line established by the Missouri Compromise
What was the Democrats stance on slavery?
Wanted popular sovereignty to determine slavery
Who won the election of 1848?
Zachary Taylor (Whig Party)
