Chapter 17

________ transport(s) oxygen and CO2 in the RBCs.

Hemoglobin molecules

Define hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)

Hemolytic disease of the newborn is a condition in which maternal Rh antibodies attack and destroy fetal Rh-positive red blood cells, resulting in anemia.

An obstruction in blood flow to the kidneys would ultimately result in

increased erythropoietin

Plasma is closest in ionic composition to

interstitial fluid

In adults, erythropoiesis exclusively takes place in

red bone marrow

The extrinsic pathway of coagulation is initiated by the

release of tissue factor (Factor III) by damaged endothelium.

The developmental stage at which erythrocytes enter the circulation is as

reticulocytes.

Each of the following is a characteristic of whole blood except

viscosity about the same as water.

Erythropoiesis is stimulated when

both oxygen levels in the blood decrease and blood flow to the kidney declines.

Below are some of the factors involved in the extrinsic clotting pathway. 1. calcium 2. tissue factor (III) 3. prothrombin 4. factor X 5. fibrin 6. clotting factor VII What answer corresponds to the correct order in which they occur from the time of tissue damage to the formation of a blood clot?

2, 6, 4, 5, 1, 3

How do basophils respond to tissue damage?

Basophils enter damaged tissue and release a variety of chemicals, including histamine, which promotes inflammation.

What is hematology?

Hematology is the study of blood, blood-producing organs, and blood disorders.

Compare the types of cells that lymphoid stem cells and myeloid stem cells produce

Lymphoid stem cells give rise to lymphocytes. Myeloid stem cells give rise to all the formed elements except lymphocytes.

Compare oxyhemoglobin with deoxyhemoglobin.

Oxyhemoglobin is hemoglobin whose iron has bound oxygen. Deoxyhemoglobin is hemoglobin whose iron has not bound oxygen.

Why is RhoGAM administered to pregnant Rh women ?

RhoGAM contains anti-Rh antibodies, which circulate in the mothers' bloodstream to destroy any fetal RBCs there, thereby preventing the mother from making antibodies against the developing fetus's red blood cells.

Each of the following is a way that blood transports materials around the body except

carbon dioxide from the lungs to the tissues.

Which of these descriptions best matches the term lymphocytes?

defend against specific pathogens or toxins

Platelets function in all of the following except

dissolving a formed clot.

Rouleaux refers to the ability of RBCs to

form stacks

Aged and damaged erythrocytes are broken down by macrophages in all of the following places except the

kidney

Platelets are pinched off from giant multinucleated cells in the bone marrow called

megakaryocytes

During a bacterial infection you would expect to see increased numbers of

neutrophils

Identify the five types of white blood cells.

neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes