Chapter 17
When does the epiphyseal plate of the medial clavicle close?
25 years of age
In a rotator cuff strain, pain increases when the arm moves actively between what degrees of abduction?
70-120
If the inferior angle of the scapula on the dominant arm is a greater distance from the spine, one should suspect weak rhomboids on the dominant arm side.
A
In a glenohumeral dislocation, the glenoid labrum can be damaged or avulsed from the anterior lip of the glenoid fossa, leading to what type of injury?
Bankart lesion
scapular elevation
C4 myotome
glenohumeral abduction
C5 myotome
The biceps reflex includes which of the following dermatomes?
C5-C6
The brachial plexus is made from which of the following spinal nerves?
C5-T1
Circumduction and pendulum swings are examples of range-of-motion exercises collectively known as:
Codman's exercises
Which of the following is not a closed kinetic chain exercise for the shoulder?
Codman's pendulum
Fractures of the lesser tubercle of the humerus are often associated with anterior glenohumeral dislocations.
F
Impingement syndrome is typically seen in individuals under 25 years of age.
F
In recurrent anterior glenohumeral dislocations, the forces needed to produce the injury are increased.
F
The mechanism of injury for a posterior glenohumeral dislocation is a fall on an outstretched arm that is forced into abduction and external rotation.
F
The subcoracoid bursa cushions the rotator cuff muscles from the overlying bony acromion.
F
A mild acromioclavicular sprain is treated with:
I.ice application II. NSAIDs V.activity as tolerated
Apley's scratch test is used primarily to determine:
ROM of internal and external rotation
scapular adduction
Rhomboids
.If untreated, a thoracic outlet compression syndrome could result in thrombophlebitis.
T
A Hill-Sachs lesion is a small defect in the articular cartilage of the humeral head associated with an anterior dislocation of the glenohumeral joint.
T
A SLAP lesion is a superior labral tear that may disrupt the attachment of the long head of the biceps tendon.
T
A possible sign of a moderate AC sprain is the inability to abduct the arm or horizontally adduct the arm across the chest without noticeable pain.
T
Active movement during an assessment for the shoulder region should always begin with neck motion.
T
Closed-chain exercises may be performed immediately after injury.
T
During 90 to 180 degrees of glenohumeral abduction, the infraspinatus, subscapularis, and teres minor produce inferiorly directed force to neutralize the superiorly directed dislocating force of the middle deltoid.
T
In a rotator cuff injury, pain increases when the arm is in 30 degrees of horizontal adduction and then moves through active and resisted movement between 70 and 120 degrees of abduction.
T
Most direct causes of anterior glenohumeral dislocations are situations in which the arm is forced into abduction and external rotation.
T
The SC joint is a ball-and-socket synovial joint that enables rotation of the clavicle with respect to the sternum.
T
The point at which the clavicle changes shape and contour presents a structural weakness, and the largest number of fractures to the bone occurs at this point.
T
The rhomboids must relax to enable anterior movement of the glenohumeral joint during the throwing motion.
T
Thoracic outlet compression syndrome is often aggravated in overhead rotational stresses while the muscles are loaded.
T
When an athlete has sustained a clavicle fracture, he/she will support the injured arm with the unaffected arm.
T
Which of the following structures is usually not injured with an impingement syndrome?
short head of biceps brachii
glenoid labrum
soft tissue lip around periphery of glenoid
a more effective method of testing the integrity of the biceps brachii tendon is:
speed's test
The _____ bursa may be irritated when repeatedly compressed during the overhand throwing motion.
subacromial
The most commonly injured bursa in the shoulder is the:
subacromial bursa
The coracoclavicular joint is a ______ joint, formed by the binding together of the coracoid process of the scapula and the inferior surface of the clavicle by the coracoclavicular ligament.
syndesmosis
Which muscle does not serve an important function in preventing impingement of the supraspinatus and subacromial bursa during the throwing motion?
teres major
A condition in which nerves and/or vessels become compressed in the root of the neck or axilla, leading to numbness in the arm, is called:
thoracic outlet syndrome
An individual reports numbness in the side of the neck, which extends across the shoulder and down the medial arm to the ulnar aspect of the hand, accompanied by weakness in grasp and atrophy of hand musculature. What injury should be suspected?
thoracic outlet syndrome
Damage to the long thoracic nerve will be evident in:
winging of the scapula
The middle portion of the deltoid is responsible for what motion?
abduction, horizontal abduction
An athlete with a distal clavicle fracture may exhibit clinical signs and symptoms similar to those of:
an acromioclavicular sprain
The primary shoulder flexors are the:
anterior deltoid and clavicular portion of the pectoralis major
What nerve can be damaged in an anterior glenohumeral dislocation?
axillary nerve
Speed's test is used to test what condition of the shoulder area?
bicipital tendinitis
An athlete reports with his head turned to the right side and supporting his right arm with the left arm. What injury should be suspected?
clavicular fracture
Which of the following tests is used to assess a labral lesion?
clunk test
Nearly all injuries at the SC joint result from:
compression
Most injuries to the rotator cuff occur during which phase of throwing?
deceleration phase
Tendinitis of the anterior shoulder muscles is common:
during the deceleration phase of the overhand throwing motion
Maximum shearing force of the glenohumeral joint has been found when the arm is _____ to approximately _____.
elevated, 60 degrees
little league shoulder
fracture to proximal humeral growth plate
The main function of the rotator cuff muscles is to:
hold the head of the humerus in the glenoid fossa
In a moderate AC joint sprain, what motion will cause increased pain and a snapping sound at the joint?
horizontal adduction
A painful arc is characterized by a(n):
inability to actively abduct the arm between 70 and 120 degrees
Nearly 80% of all clavicular fractures occur where?
middle one third
Which one of the following is not a rotator cuff muscle?
pectoralis major
After receiving a blow to the sternum, an athlete has difficulty swallowing, a diminished pulse, and hoarseness. What injury may have occurred?
posterior displacement of the clavicle
infraspinatus
prevents superior excursion of humeral head
Dead arm syndrome is associated with:
recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation
Which muscle or muscles play(s) a major role in positioning the scapula to facilitate the throwing motion?
rhomboids
A type II acromioclavicular sprain involves a:
rupture of the AC ligament and tear of the coracoclavicular ligament
Limited motion in the ________ plane is permitted at the AC joint.
sagittal frontal transverse
