Chapter 17: Complementary and Alternative Therapies

A patient asks about different herbal therapies that may promote physical endurance and reduce stress. Which herb promotes physical endurance and reduce stress 1.) Ginseng 2.) Ginger 3.) Echinacea 4.) Chamomile

1

A patient questions the nurse about the use of complementary and alternative medicine. Which statement made by the nurse is correct regarding complementary and alternative medicine 1.) One third to one half of the U.S population uses one or more forms of alternative therapy 2.) Decreasing amounts of insurance coverage are available to meet the needs of alternative therapies 3.) Discussion of alternative therapies is still not provided in traditional medical journals 4.) Integration of alternative is regulated by state and national agencies

1

In selecting alternative therapies, acupressure may be most effective with which patient? 1.) A patient who is restless and anxious 2.) A patient in who ulcerative colitis has been diagnosed 3.) A pregnant patient 4.) A patient with mental health concerns

1

The nurse is collecting data for the health history of a new patient. What is the best rationale for directly asking the patient about the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies? 1.) About 50% of patients use herbal supplements, but they rarely report usage 2.) A complete health history is essential for every patient 3.) CAM therapies must be listed to be edible for insurance coverage 4.) Nurses should be advocates for holistic care for patients

1

The nursing student has sever test anxiety. She is using guided imagery to help reduce anxiety just before the beginning of each test. What is the desired outcome of this type of therapy? 1.) Controls response to stimuli by regulating expectations and perceptions 2.) Learns to deep breathe and include all senses during times of stress 3.) Visualizes warmth entering the body on inspiration and tension leaving on expiration 4.) Creates an image of self successfully passing the exam

1

The patient suffered a traumatic event as a child; however, the event is not something the patient ever thinks or talks about. Which therapy would be most likely to trigger a memory that would require psychological intervention? 1.) Biofeedback 2.) Reflexology 3.) Yoga 4.) Accupressure

1

Which patient should be cautioned that inhalation of essential oils could exacerbate symptoms? 1.) Take PRN medication for asthma 2.) Recently diagnosed with major depression 3.) Currently experiences excessive stress related to work 4.) Underwent chiropractic treatments for back pain

1

Which statement about complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies is most correct? 1.) The patient is actively involved in the treatment 2.) The patient becomes a total believer in what is being taught 3.) The patient becomes increasingly submissive to the practitioner 4.) The patient becomes less competent in his or her own care

1

What issue(s) of herbal products could potentially cause problems for consumers? (Select all that apply) 1.) Do not have the same rigorous study as pharmaceuticals 2.) Reduced level of accountability of their manufacturers 3.) Not required by law to demonstrate safety, efficacy, or quality of products 4.) Wide variations in potency, quality, and chemical content 5.) No standardized dosages have been established for most herbs 6.) More potent than pharmaceuticals because the whole plant is used

1 2 3 4 5

What is/are the advantages of animal assisted therapy? (Select all that apply) 1.) Research indicates that animals have calming effect 2.) Animals can stimulate mental activity through interactions 3.) Most families have a pet that will be familiar to the patients 4.) Everyone likes animals because they decrease loneliness 5.) Patients who like animals are usually not allergic to them 6.) Being around an animal can reduce blood pressure and anxiety

1 2 6

When the nurse reviews the patient's medical diagnoses, which condition would be a cause for concern with regard to chiropractic treatment (Select all that apply). 1.) Acute myelopathy 2.) Vertigo 3.) Osteoporosis 4.) Hypertension 5.) Rheumatoid arthritis

1, 3, 5

What are the four benefits of aromatherapy ?

1.) Relaxes the body and removes stress 2.) Enhances the circulation 3.) Assists the body in normalizing metabolism naturally 4.) Complements all other healing modalities

What are common physiological responses resulting from magnetic field exposures?

1.) Vasodilation 2.) Analgesic Action 3.) Anti-inflammatory Action 4.) Spasmolytic (arresting spasms) activity 5.) Acceleration of healing 6.) Anti-edema activity

How many meridians does the human body have?

12

The nurse is preparing to administer medications to a patient taking several herbal preparations. Which factor makes accurate administration of precise dosage of herbs difficult? 1.) The fact that multiple clinical trails are underway 2.) Availability in many different forms 3.) Infrequent usage by consumers 4.) Excessive standardization by international organizations

2

The nurse is working in a long-term care center and recognizes that elderly residents are at risk for "skin hunger". What would the nurse do to address this problem? 1.) Ensure that herbal lotion enriched with vitamins and protein is applied after bathing 2.) Identify residents who are comfortable with hugging and touching by staff members 3.) Consult with a holistic nutritionalist to design meals that supply nutrition for the skin 4.) Apply herbal sunscreens to protect the skin and take residents into the sun

2

The patient has a history of congestive heart failure and receives a prescription for digoxin. The nurse cautions the patient against the use of which herb? 1.) Evening Primrose oil 2.) Goldenseal 3.) Ginkgo, maidenhair tree 4.) Kava

2

Which patient statement indicates understanding of a therapy that could help with smoking cessation? 1.) I could consult an herbalist and smoke herbal leaf instead of tobacco 2.) Acupuncture stimulates acupoints and has been used to treat addictions 3.) Inhalation of lavender oil relieves stress and decreases craving for cigarettes 4.) Biofeedback would increase my awareness about my physiological cravings

2

Which patient would bot be a candidate for therapeutic massage? 1.) A pregnant woman who would like to have a foot massage 2.) A postsurgical patient who wants the legs massaged to relieve cramping 3.) An older patient who has an ache in the upper back after prolonged sitting 4.) A school-aged child who has been confined to bed for several days

2

A patient has reported to the ambulatory care clinic. During the collection of data, the patient reports using reflexology on a weekly basis. What is a contraindication to the use of reflexology. (Select all that apply) 1.) Taking chemotherapy for cancer 2.) History of hypertension 3.) Pregnancy 4.) Epilepsy 5.) History of cardiac disease

2, 4, 5

A patient is taking the herb comfrey on a daily basis for its wound healing properties. What information is important for the nurse to tell this patient? 1.) Comfrey should be taken internally 2.) Comfrey may cause cancer 3.) Comfrey can be used only externally 4.) Comfrey is known antiseptic

3

A patient receiving chemotherapy is implementing relaxation therapy in conjunction with medical protocol. Which benefit can this patient gain from relaxation therapy? 1.) Decreased receptivity 2.) Decreased peripheral skin temperature 3.) Decreased oxygen consumption 4.) Decreased alpha-wave brain activity

3

Patients at an integrative health care center are learning about various types of complementary and alternative health care methods. What is a method of stimulating certain points on the body bu the insertion of special needles to modify the perception of pain, normalize physiologic functions, or treat or prevent disease 1.) Acupressure 2.) Magnet therapy 3.) Acupuncture 4.) Chiropractic therapy

3

The nurse is preparing a presentation on alternative therapies for a community group. Which statement should be included in the presentation? 1.) Herbal therapies are approved by the U.S Food and Drug Administration under the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act 2.) Herbal therapies are sold as medicines in most stores because they lack major side effects 3.) Herbal therapies are allowed to be packaged as dietary supplements if they are without health claims 4.) Herbal therapies are consistent in their standards for concentrations of major ingredients and additives

3

The nurse is seeking evidence based practice information related to CAM therapies for cancer patients. What would be the best source for this information? 1.) Consult an updated comprehensive medical-surgical nursing textbook 2.) Use the Internet to search for "cancer" and "CAM therapies" 3.) Access National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine website 4.) Talk to the local chapter of the American Cancer Society

3

The patient has myasthenia gravis and tell s the nurse that she has been using magnet therapy because her aunt recommended it would increase circulation. Which assessment is the most essential? 1.) Blood pressure and pulse 2.) Memory and judgement 3.) Muscle strength and balance 4.) Oral temperature and infection signs

3

When assessing a patient's use of alternative therapies, the nurse should ask which question? 1.) What herbal supplements have you taken? 2.) Have you ever used relaxation therapy 3.) What types of activities or remedies do you use when you do not feel well 4.) Do you use holistic treatments

3

A nurse is educating patients at a health care clinic about the use of herbs as a complementary therapy. Which instruction should be included in education about safe herbal product usage? (Select all that apply) 1.) Combine several herbs to maximize the benefits 2.) Believe all claims made by manufacturer 3.) Discontinue using herbs if side effects develop 4.) Inform your primary care provider of all herbal products you use 5.) Drug interactions may exist with antiplatelet medication

3, 4, 5

The nurse is caring for a patient on the acute care unit. The patient reports that he takes St. John's wort for mild depression. When the nurse reviews the patient's dietary selections, which choice indicates the need for further teaching? (Select all that apply). 1.) Foods high in salt or sodium 2.) Milk products 3.) Anything containing barley, such as beer 4.) Aged cheese 5.) Red wine

3, 4, 5

A 42 year old female patient has a family history of osteoporosis and would like advice about the use of CAM for prevention of osteoporosis. Which therapy would the nurse provide information about? 1.) Acupuncture 2.) Chiropractic Therapy 3.) Reflexology 4.) T'ai Chi

4

The elderly patient disrobes to take a shower. The young nursing student who is assigned to assist with hygiene is shocked and repulsed by the appearance and condition of the patient's skin. What should the student do? 1.) Quickly excuse herself and step out into the hall to recover composure 2.) Smile and avoid looking at the patient directly, but continue to assist with care 3.) Apologize to the patient and then seek out the instructor for advise 4.) Make eye contact, smile, and assist the patient to maintain safety in the shower

4

Which patient statement indicates a correct understanding of the patient teaching information about using herbal preparations? 1.) Herbal preparations are made form plants and are natural and safe 2.) There are over the counter products so they don't have dangerous side effects 3.) If I follow the package instructions on dosage, I'll be okay 4.) The herbs should be discontinued at least 2 weeks before any surgery

4

Focusing

A communication technique used when more specific information is needed to accurately understand the patient's message

Reflexology

A form of complementary and alternative medicine based on the premises that zones and reflexes in different parts of the body correspond to all parts, glands, and organs of the entire body. In reflexology it is thought that the entire body can be reached by applying pressure to specific areas on the feet

Biofeedback

A noninvasive method that an individual can employ to learn control of the body to manage certain condition

Some herbs interfere with the actions of medicines therefore:

A thorough health history is important

Pharmaceuticals that are derived from herbs include only the

Active part, and the rest of the plant is separated out and discarded; thus, the pharmaceutical is likely both to be more potent and to incur more adverse effects

_____ entails the use of gentle pressure at similar points on the body

Acupuncture

_____ is a method of stimulating certain points (acupoints) on the body by insertion of special needles to modify the perception of pain, normalize physiological functions, or treat or prevent disease

Acupuncture

What medical conditions are contraindications of massage?

Acute back pain Phlebitis Thrombosis

The strength of ______ is its effectiveness in treating certain physical ailments (eg, bacterial infection, structural abnormalities, acute emergencies)

Allopathic Medicine

Traditional or conventional Western Medicine

Allopathic Medicine

_____ often include the same interventions as complementary therapies but frequently become the primary treatment modality that replaces that allopathic medicine

Alternative therapies

______ often include the same interventions as complementary therapies, but frequently become the primary treatment modality that replaces conventional medicine

Alternative therapies

Aromatherapy

An alternative therapy that uses essential oils produced from plants to provide health benefits

Herbal Therapy

An alternative therapy that uses herbs to provide health benefits

An herbal preparation usually includes:

An unpurified extract of the whole plan

Essential oils are used to proved health benefits. Inhalation is the most common method of using the oils.

Aroma therapy

____ entails the use of pure essential oils, produced from plants, to provide health benefits

Aromatherapy

Herbs used for treatment are formulated in many ways for consumption and use:

As dried herbs in capsules or tablets, Tincture Teas Compresses Salves Ointments

Although some _____ therapies have been researched and the findings published in professional journals, others lack scientific proof. However, those that lack scientific proof need not to be discarded because many patients report positive outcomes from these therapies

CAM

Meridians

Channels of energy

______ treatment achieves its effects through manipulation of the musculoskeletal system. Gentle manipulation puts the vertebrae in proper alignment.

Chiropractic

______ has been in existence since the late 1800s

Chiropractic Therapy

_____ are treatments used in addiction to conventional health care regimens recommended by a person's health care provider

Complementary

_____ are treatments used in addition to conventional health care regimens recommended by a person's health care provider

Complementary

Acupuncture

Complementary and alternative therapy that stimulates certain points on the body by insertion of special needles to modify the perception of pain, normalize physiological functions, and to treat or prevent disease

Acupressure

Complementary and alternative therapy that uses gentle pressure at points on the body; used primarily to prevent and relieve symptoms of muscle tension

CAM

Complimentary or Alternative Medicine

Herbal products are not viewed as ____, which reduces the level of accountability for their manufacturers, as opposed to that required of pharmaceutical companies

Drugs

Pharmaceuticals

Drugs, or drug-based products or preparations

True or False: A doctor of chiropractic medicine can prescribe medication that will provide relief for back pain and gently manipulative an area of disturbed structural integrity

False A doctor of chiropractic medicine do not prescribe medications

True or False: Reflexologists are qualified to diagnose certain medical conditions such as anxiety or depression

False Reflexologist are not qualified to diagnose medical conditions

True or False: A patient complains of right lower abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. The nurse, suspecting appendicitis, should recommend the benefits of relaxation and herbal therapy

False: Acute infectious conditions such as appendicitis should be assessed by an allopathic healthcare provider

Patients tend to think of CAM therapies as:

Gentler and less invasive than traditional medical treatments

Patients are often ____ to tell a health care provider about CAM therapies they are using

Hesitant

_____ nursing addresses and treats the mind, body and spirit

Holistic

What health care belief is chiropractic therapy based off of?

Holistic Belief

____ addresses and treats the mind-body-spirit of the patient

Holistic Nursing

Yoga

Holistic system of mind-body connection that includes control of the body through correct posture and breathing, control of the emotions and mind, and meditation and contemplation

Magnets are used to:

Increase circulation Increase energy Decrease pain

_______ involves an interdisciplinary, multiple-professional treatment group that a patient consults as a cooperative entity

Integrative Medicine

What is the goal of drug therapy

It is aimed at the treatment of specific diseases or symptoms

Qi

Life force

_____ therapy is thought to improve circulation to a specific area, promote healing, increase energy, and decrease pain.

Magnet

Taiji (T'ai chi)

Martial arts practice that emphasizes relaxing the body and focusing the mind; Tai chi movement is performed slowly, accentuating the intention, mechanics, accuracy and precision of motion

In acupuncture and acupressure, needles or pressure is applied to specific point on the body. The points correspond to ____ that flow through the body

Meridians

Holistic nursing addresses and treats the _____ of the patient

Mind-Body-Spirit

Alternative Therapies

Nontraditional therapies that may include the same interventions as complementary therapies but that often become the primary treatment modalities that replace allopathic (traditional) medicine. Examples are exercise, massage, acupuncture, and herbalism

Chiropractic Therapy

Nontraditional therapy that includes manipulation of the musculoskeletal system

Holistic Nursing

Pertaining to the total patient care that considers the physical, emotional, social, economic, and spiritual needs of the person

What is acupuncture primarily used for?

Prevention and relief of symptoms of muscle tension

Pressure to the feet in the form of massage is performed in

Reflexology

_____ is a focused pressure technique; it is based on the premise that the feet are divided into zones or reflex areas that correspond to all organs, glands and systems of the body

Reflexology

_____ is the generalized decrease in cognitive, physiological, or behavioral arousal.

Relaxation

Complementary and alternative therapies are used to:

Restore or maintain health

In its complete form,_____ is a holistic art that emphasizes mind-body integration, physical and mental balance, and spiritual development

Taiji (t'ai chi)

What part of pregnant women should not be massaged?

The Abdomen

Passivity

The ability to stop unnecessary goal directed and analytic activity

receptivity

The ability to tolerate and accept experiences that are sometimes uncertain, unfamiliar, or paradoxic

Therapeutic Massage

The manipulation of the soft tissues of the body to assist with healing

Relaxation

The state of generalized decreased cognitive, physiological, or behavioral arousal

_____ is massage performed by trained professionals to manipulate the soft tissues of the body and assist with healing

Therapeutic Massage

_____ is used to promote healing and prevent injury. Contraindications include a history of phlebitis or thrombosis of the extremities

Therapeutic Massage

Complementary Therapies

Therapies that are used in addition or as a complementary to nontraditional therapies. Examples, are exercise, massage, reflexology, acupuncture, and herbalism

What is the goal of herbal therapy?

To restore balance within the individual by facilitating the person's self-healing capacity

Allopathic Medicine

Traditional or conventional Western medicine

True or False: Acupuncture and acupressure are therapies based on the belief that there is a form of energy or Qi that flows through the body along meridians

True

True or False: All systems of yoga recognize certain basic principles, including control of the body through correct posture and breathing, control of the emotions and the mind, and meditation and contemplation

True

Imagery

Visualization techniques to create mental images to evoke physical changes in the body, improve perceived well-being, and enhanced self-awareness.

Regular practice of ______ potentially tones the muscles that balance all parts of the body- including internal organs, heart, lungs, glands, and nerves - and controls the emotions and mind

Yoga

In _____, or visualization techniques, the conscious mind is used to create mental images to evoke physical changes in the body, create a sense of improved well-being, and enhance self-awareness

imagery